ECA Confirmation Paper (End Week 2) Flashcards
What B means a slow heart rate, with a pulse rate less than 60 bpm?
What B means a slow heart rate, with a pulse rate less than 60 bpm?
Bradycardic
What E is the term for a burn that causes reddening of the skin?
Superficial
Erythema
What H relates to a high blood glucose level?
Hyperglaemia
What P means a higher temperature than normal?
Pyrexic
This I is the name given to the dead piece of heart muscle that has been starved of oxygen, and initially is shown as a raised ST segment on the ECG
Infarction
What D is the correction of ventricular fibrillation by electric shock?
Defibulation
This E should be given with caution if the patient has a significant chest injury?
Entonox
What D is the disease caused by insulin deficiency?
Diabetic meltus
This P is any substance that in sufficient quantities that can cause harm / are harmful to the person?
Poison
What in is the paralysis of one limb
Monoplegia
List the three classifications of burns
Superficial
Partial
Full thickness
List the five types of wound
Contusions
Laceration
Incision
Puncture
Gunshot
List the four ways a poison can enter the body
Inhalation
Ingestion
Injection
Absorption
List 3 signs and symptoms relating to a patient suffering from Hypothermia
- Slow heart rate <40 may be undetectable
- Skin ice cold to touch
- Pale, peripheral cyanosis, appears dead - moribund
- Dilated pupils, unreactive
- Breathing slow, shallow, undetectable
- Reducing LOC, slurred speech
- Visual disturbance
- Irrational behaviour
- Stumbling
- Collapse
List 3 signs and symptoms associated with angina
•Central, retrosternal chest pain
•
•Pain referred to the throat, jaw and teeth also to the armpits and often into the arm
•
•Frequently described as heaviness in the arms or chest
•
•Pallor
List the four ways heat can be lost from the body
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Evaporation
List 6 causes of unconsciousness
- Fainting
- Infantile convulsions
- Stroke
- Heart attack
- Shock
- Head injury
- Anaphylaxis
- Poisons
- Epilepsy
Diabetes
Name two types of stroke
Ischemic
haemorrhagic
List five factors that combine to affect the severity of a burn
Age
degree of burn
percentage
location of burn
source
What does the Acronym OPQRST stand for when taking a
patient history? O P
Q
R S T
On set event
Provercation
quailty of pain
Radation
Severity pain score
Times
What does the Acronym ASHICE stand for when pre-alerting
a medical facility?
A S
H
I
C
E
Age
Sex
History
Injuries
Changes obs
Estimate time of arrival
A on the AVPU scale means awake
false means
Alert
Pin point pupils are a sign of opiate poisoning
true
Drugs must be checked for name, dose, expiry date before administration
true
Inspired aircontains 4% carbon dioxide.
false 0.04%
On inspiration the diaphragm flattens.
true
The right lung has three lobes.
true
The tricuspid valve lies between the left atrium and the left ventricle.
false
Haematemesis refers to blood coughed up from the lungs T/ F
False upper gastic
The supine position is flat on the back
True
Known epileptics may have fits if medication is missed
true
Cyanosis to a casualties lips indicates:
a. poisoning with carbon monoxide
b. hyperglycaemia
c. too little oxygen in the blood
d. cerebral compression
c. too little oxygen in the blood
.The colour of a patient immediately following a faint js usually:
a. flushed
b. pale
c. yellow
D cyanosed
b. pale
.The commonest cause of convulsions in children under 5 is
c. Pyrexia
The driver in a crashed vehicle is drowsy, cold, pale, has clammy skin and a rapid weak pulse. The most likely condition causing these symptoms is:
d. internal bleeding
The cells that fight infection are called Leucocytes they are commonly called
a. Red blood cells b. White blood cells c. Platelets d. Sickle shaped
b. White blood cells
. Reduced oxygen levels in the tissue is known as
e. Apnoea f. Anoxia g. Hypoxia h. lschaemia
f. Anoxia
Blood is pumped into the aorta from the
a. Right atrium b. Left atrium c. Right ventricle d. Left ventricle
d. Left ventricle
The smooth inner layer of the heart is the
a. Endocardium b. Epicardium c. Myocardium d. Pericardium
a. Endocardium
.Shock resulting from an allergic reaction is
a. Hypovolaemic b. Toxic c. Cardiogenic d. Anaphylactic
d. Anaphylactic
.Acute means
a. Rapid onset b. Slow onset c. Over a long period d. Worsening
a. Rapid onset
.The artery that supplies the head is the
a. Renal b. Carotid c. I]iac d. Femoral
b. Carotid
The medical term for a nosebleed is
epistaxis
Inflammation of the bronchial tubes is
Bronchitis
The term for high blood pressure is
HTN
Hypertention
The initial, rapid assessment of a patient to identify and treat those conditions that present an immediate threat to life is called the
Primary survey
The introduction of a tube through the larynx into the trachea to maintain a clear, protected airway is
intubation
Placing a patient in the half sitting position is known as
Semi recumbent
.The sorting of casualties according to priority is
Triage
A systematic evaluation of the entire patient to detect less obvious or underlying problems is a
Secondary Survey
Patient positioning quiz
With the aid of a diagram describe the following patient positions on a multi-posture ambulance stretcher. Detailing the types of patient each position would be useful for / would not be suitable for.
Recumbent
Semi recumbent
Upright position
Trendelenberg
Lower limbs raised
Fowler
Patient inclined to left or right side
