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AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner > EC2 - Elastic Compute > Flashcards

EC2 - Elastic Compute Flashcards

1
Q

What cloud deployment model is EC2?

A

IaaS

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2
Q

What does EC2 primarily consist of?

A
  • Renting virtual machines (EC2)
  • Storing data on virtual drives (EBS)
  • Distributing load across machines (ELB)
  • Scaling the services using an auto-scaling group (ASG)
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3
Q

What operating systems are offered by EC2?

A

Linux, Windows, or Mac OS

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4
Q

What options are available to configure for EC2?

A
  • Which operating system
  • How much compute power & cores (CPU)
  • How much random-access memory (RAM)
  • How much storage space:
    • Network-attached (EBS & EFS)
    • Hardware (EC2 Instance store)
  • Network Card: speed of the card, public IP address
  • Firewall rules: security group
  • Bootstrap script (configure at first launch): EC2 user data
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5
Q

Launching commands when a machine starts is called ________.

A

Bootstrapping

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6
Q

True or False: EC2 user data is used to automate boot tasks such as:

  • Installing updates
  • Installing software
  • Downloading common files from the internet
  • Anything you can think of
A

True

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7
Q

True or False: EC2 User data scripts shouldn’t be run with the root user.

A

False

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8
Q

Based on AWS instance naming conventions what does the m, the 5, and the 2xlarge mean in the following? “m5.2xlarge”

A

M is the instance class, 5 is the generation, and 2xlarge is the size within the instance class

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9
Q

General purpose or T instance classes are great for a diversity of workloads such as web servers or code repositories and a provider a balance between _________, ____________, and ____________.

A

Compute, memory, and networking

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10
Q

Compute Optimized instances (C instance classes) are great for ___________________ like:

  • Batch processing workloads
  • Media transcoding
  • High performance web servers
  • High performance computing (HPC)
  • Scientific modeling & machine learning
  • Dedicated gaming servers
A

Compute intensive tasks that require high performance processors

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11
Q

True or false: Memory optimized instances are not ideal for workloads that require processing large data sets in memory.

A

False

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12
Q
  • High performance, relational/non-relational databases
  • Distributed web scale cache storages
  • In-memory databases optimized for BI (business intelligence)
  • Applications performing real-time processing of big unstructured data

are all use cases for _____________ instances.

A

Memory optimized

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13
Q

Memory optimized instances instance class begins with _________.

A

R

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14
Q
  • High Frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
  • Relational & NoSQL databases
  • Cache for in-memory databases (for example, Redis)
  • Data warehousing applications
  • Distributed file systems

are all use cases for ______________ instances.

A

Storage Optimized (I, D or H1)

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15
Q

True or false: Storage optimized instances are great for storage intensive tasks that require high, sequential read/write access to large data sets on local storage?

A

True

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16
Q

What is a security group?

A

Security groups control how traffic is allowed into or out of an EC2 instance.

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17
Q

True or False: Security groups can only contain ALLOW rules.

A

True

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18
Q

Security group rules can reference by _____ or by _________

A

IP or security group

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19
Q

Security groups regulate ___________, ___________, and ____________.

A

Access to ports, authorized IP Ranged (IPv4 and IPv6), Control inbound and outbound networks

20
Q

True or false: All inbound traffic is BLOCKED by default.

A

True

21
Q

True or false: All outbound traffic is BLOCKED by default.

A

False

22
Q
  • Can be attached to multiple instances
  • Locked down to a region /VPC combination
  • Does live “outside” the EC2 - if traffic is blocked the EC2 instance won’t see it
  • It’s good to maintain one separate security group for SSH access
  • If your application is not accessible (time out), then it’s a security group issue
  • If your application gives “connection refused” error, then it’s an application error or its not launched

are all advantages/uses of ___________.

A

Security groups

23
Q

What is port 22?

A

SSH port to log into a Linux instance

24
Q

What is port 21?

A

FTP (file transfer protocol) - upload files to a file share

25
Q

SFTP (secure file transport) using SSH works on what classic port ?

A

22

26
Q

Which protocol uses port 80?

A

HTTP

27
Q

True or False: HTTPS uses port 80.

A

False. HTTPS uses port 443.

28
Q

What uses port 3389?

A

RDP (Remote desktop protocol) to log into a windows instance

29
Q

EC2 instance can be reserved in ________ and ______ year increments and are best for long workloads.

A

1 and 3 year

30
Q

On demand instances (pay by the second) are great for ___________.

A

Short-term workloads

31
Q

A commitment to a certain amount of usage for long workloads is best suited by the ___________ instance purchase option.

A

Savings Plan

32
Q

Convertible reserved instances are great for long workloads that need to be ________.

A

Flexible

33
Q

Dedicated hosts purchasing option allows you to ____________.

A

Book an entire physical server and control instance placement

34
Q

True or False: With dedicated instances, customers will share hardware but never instances.

A

False, no instance hardware will be shared.

35
Q

True or False: Capacity reservations is charged on-demand pricing but ensures a specific capacity is available in a specific Availability Zone for any duration.

A

True

36
Q

What instance purchasing option has the highest cost?

A

On-demand

37
Q

Reserved instances can provide up to a _______ percent discount.

A

72%

38
Q

What payment options are available for reserved instances?

A

no upfront, partial upfront, all upfront

39
Q

Reserved instance’s scope is either _________ or _______.

A

Regional or zonal

40
Q

True or false: EC2 Savings plans is a commitment to a certain amount of usage that is locked to a specific instance family & AWS region.

A

True

41
Q

EC2 Savings plans are flexible when it comes to ___________, ___________, and ___________.

A

Instance size, OS, and tenancy

42
Q

This type of instance purchasing option provides the largest discount of up to 90% when compared to on-demand.

A

EC2 Spot instances

43
Q

_______________ instances are useful for workloads that are resilient to failure like:

  • Batch jobs
  • Data Analysis
  • Image processing
  • Any distributed workloads
  • Workloads with a flexible start and end time
A

Spot instances

44
Q

____________ instances allow for BYOL (bring your own license) software and are the most flexible, expensive option.

A

Dedicated hosts

45
Q
  • Instances run on hardware that is dedicated to you
  • May share hardware with other instances in same account
  • No control over instance placement

is called the _______________ purchase option.

A

Dedicated instance

46
Q

Who is responsible for the following in EC2?

  • Infrastructure
  • Isolation of physical hosts
  • Replacing faulty hardware
  • Compliance Validation
A

Provider

47
Q

Who is responsible for the following in EC2?

  • Security Groups rules
  • Operating system patches and updates
  • Software and utilities installed on the EC2 instance
  • IAM Roles assigned to EC2 & IAM user access management
  • Data security on your instance
A

Customer

AWS Certified Cloud Practitioner (4 decks)

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