EC2 and EBS

Question 1

What are the available EC2 instance types (billing)?

Answer 1

On Demand

Reserved (1-3 years)

Spot (Bid based)

Dedicated Hosts

Question 2

What are the typical use cases for EC2 On Demand Instances?

Answer 2

Fixed rate by the hour or second

No upfront payments

No long term committment

Short term, spiky or unpredictable workloads

POC testing applications

Question 3

What are the typical use cases for EC2 Reserved Instances?

Answer 3

Apps with steady state or predictable usage

Reduced costs from down payment

Need for a (Scheduled RI) for a monthly sale

Question 4

What are the types of Reserved Instances?

Answer 4

Standard

Convertible (equal or greater value)

Scheduled (recurring)

Question 5

What are the use cases for Spot Instances?

Answer 5

Apps with flexible start and end times

Apps only feasible at low costs

Urgent need for large additional compute)

Question 6

What are the use cases for Dedicated Host EC2 instances?

Answer 6

Situations where regulations disallow multi-tenant virtualization

3rd Part Licensing Needed

Question 7

What are the instance family types?

Answer 7

• F - FPGA
• I - IOPS
• G - Graphics
• H - High Disk Throughput
• T - General Purpose (T2 Micro)
• D - Density
• R - RAM
• M - Main Choice for general purpose
• C - Compute
• P - Graphics (think Pics)
• X - Extreme Memory

Question 8

Where are EBS volumes stored?

Answer 8

virtually and replicated across an AZ

Question 9

What are the available EBS Volume Types?

Answer 9

GP2 - General Purpose 2

IO1 - Provisioned IOPS

ST1 - Throughput Optimized

SC1 - Cold HDD

Standard - Magnetic

Question 10

What are GP2 volumes and when are they used?

Answer 10

General Purpose SSD

< 10,000 IOPS

Question 11

What are IO1 volumes and when are they used?

Answer 11

Provisioned IOPS SSD

I/O intensive apps

large RDS or NoSQL DBs

> 10,000 IOPS

Question 12

What are ST1 volumes and when are they used?

Answer 12

Throughput Optimized HDD

Big Data

Data Warehouses

Log Processing

Cannot be a boot volume

Question 13

What are Cold HDD volumes and when are they used?

Answer 13

Lowest Cost per GB of all EBS bootables

Infrequently accessed workloads

lowest storage cost important

Question 14

If a spot instance is terminated by Amazon EC2, you will/will*** not be charged for a partial hour of usage. If you terminate the instance yourself, you ***will/will not be charged for the complete hour in which the instance ran

Answer 14

will not

will

Question 15

What are Magnetic Standard EBS volumes?

Answer 15

Previous generation magnetic

Can be boot volume

Question 16

What is a Subnet?

Answer 16

Range of IP addresses in your VPC

Each subnet resides in a different AZ

Isolate EC2 resources from each other

Isolate EC2 resources from the Internet

Question 17

What is a security group?

Answer 17

A set of firewall rules that control traffic for your instance. Not as smart as a WAF

Question 18

What is a DMZ?

Answer 18

Demilitarized Zone

AKA Screened submetwork

Seperates a LAN from the Internet

Web front ends located in DMZ

Question 19

What do you need to connect to an EC2 instance from Windows?

Answer 19

Private Key

Putty App

PPK (converted from PEM in PuttyGen)

Question 20

What popular ports need to be opened in your security group to allow connections?

Answer 20

SSH (22)

HTTP (80)

HTTPS (443)

RDP (3389)

Question 21

In terms of EC2, how do we design for failure?

Answer 21

Have one EC2 instance in each AZ you are serving

Question 22

What are the three ways to interact with AWS?

Answer 22

Console

CLI

SDKs

Question 23

What are the two web servers available?

Answer 23

Apache, IIS

Question 24

What are the three types of load balancers?

Answer 24

Application - Layer 7

Network - High Performance and static IPs

Classic - Existing apps, phasing out

Question 25

What is important to remember about web servers and availability zones?

Answer 25

Best practice is to place them in seperate AZs (subnets)