EC2 Flashcards by Jacob Ayala

What is the difference between Elastic Load Balancer and Auto-Scaling Groups

Elastic Load Balancer distributes traffic across deployments and Auto-Scaling Groups add or remove deployments based on parameters such as workload.

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What is the naming convention AWS uses for EC2 Instance Types

[instance class][generation].[size] (example; m5.2xlarge)

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Which instance type would be best suited for a batch processing workload?

Compute Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for media transcoding?

Compute Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for a high performance web server?

Compute Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for dedicated gaming servers?

Compute Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for scientific modeling and machine learning?

Compute Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for an application performing real time processing of big data?

Memory Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for an online transaction processing (OLTP) system?

Storage Optimized

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Which instance type would be best suited for a data warehousing application?

Storage Optimized

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If a request to an application times out, what is the most likely issue?

A security group blocked the request.

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If a request to an application gives a “connection refused” error, what is the most likely issue?

Application error or application did not launch.

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What are the default settings of a security group for inbound and outbound traffic?

All inbound traffic is denied and all outbound traffic is allowed.

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What is the effect of referencing Security Group B inside of Security Group A?

Security Group A will allow traffic from any resource that is using Security Group B.

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Secure file transfers and secure shells use which port?

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Remote Desktop Protocol uses which port and allows you to do what?

Port 3389. Log into a Windows instance.

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How long can you reserve a Reserved Instance for?

1 OR 3 years.

What are the three payment options for Reserved Instances?

No Upfront, Partial Upfront, All Upfront.

What purchase option would be suited for an application that has a complicated licensing model?

EC2 Dedicated Host

What purchase option gives a physical server that is fully dedicated to your instance alone and also is the most expensive option.

EC2 Dedicated Host

What purchase option allows many instances on the same account to run on hardware that’s dedicated to you?

EC2 Dedicated Instances

What purchase option is suitable for jobs where its acceptable for it to fail from time to time.

Spot Instances

EBS Volumes are bound to what?

Availability Zones

EBS Volumes are what kind of drive?

Network drive

How would you move a volume across availability zones?

Create a snapshot and copy the snapshot into the new availability zone. Then, create an EBS Volume from the snapshot in the new AZ.

When setting up retention rules, what is the retention period for deleted snapshots?

1 day to 1 year.

A better I/O performing disk that attaches to an EC2 at the hardware level is called what?

EC2 Instance Store

What EBS Volume Type is the most cost effective with relatively low latency?

GP2 or GP3

What EBS Volume Type has the highest performance with low latency and high-throughput?

io1 or io2

What EBS Volume Type is a low cost solution for throughput-intensive workloads?

st1

What EBS Volume Type has the lowest cost but is so low performing its best suited for less frequent workloads?

sc1

What EBS Volume Type is suited for business applications with sustained IOPS performance or applications that need more than 16000 IOPS?

io1 or io2

Which EBS Volume Types cannot be used as boot volumes?

st1 and sc1 (HDD)

Which EBS Volume Type would offer the beast throughput at the lowest cost for a Big Data project or Data Warehouse?

st1

Which family of EBS Volumes supports Multi-attach, the ability to attach to more than one instance at a time in the same AZ?

io1/io2

How many EC2 Instances can be multi-attached to an io1/io2 at a time?

What service allows you to attach a highly available and scalable network file system to many EC2s across multiple AZs at a higher cost?

Elastic File System (EFS)

What do you use to control access to EFS?

Security Groups

For a content management system to serve web pages, like Wordpress, what storage service is an optimal solution?

Elastic File System (EFS)

EFS is compatible with which AMIs?

It is a POSIX file system which means Linux based only. No Windows support.

What are the EFS performance modes and their use cases?

General Purpose for lower latency use cases. Max I/O for higher throughput but lower latency (big data, media processing)

What are the EFS storage tiers when a life-cycle policy is enabled?

Standard is the default storage tier for frequently accessed files. When a lifecycle policy is enabled, if a file is not accessed for a specified amount of time, it is moved to Infrequent Access (EFS-IA) which costs more to retrieve, but less to store.