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aws solutions architect > EC2 > Flashcards

EC2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does EC2 stand for ?

A

Elastic Compute Cloud

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2
Q

What kind of as a service is ec2?

A

IaaS

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3
Q

EC2 conists of what?

A
  1. renting virtual machines (ec2)
  2. storing data on virtual drives (EBS)
  3. distributing load across machines (ELB)
  4. scaling services using auto-scaling group (ASG)
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4
Q

Knowing EC2 is fundamental to understand what?

A

how the Cloud works

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5
Q

what OS are available in ec2?

A

Linux, Windows, Mac OS

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6
Q

What are the config and sizing options

A

CPU, RAM, storage space

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7
Q

how is the amount of storage space configured?

A

Network-Attached (EBS and EFS); hardware (ec2 instance store)

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8
Q

ec2 network card

A

speed of card; public ip address

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9
Q

firewall roles

A

security group

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10
Q

Bootstrap script (configure at first launch):

A

EC2 User Data

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11
Q

what does bootstrapping mean?

A

launching commands when a machine starts

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12
Q

What is EC2 User Data Script for?

A

bootstrap our instances

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13
Q

When is the ec2 user data script run and how many times?

A

script is only run once at the instance first start

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14
Q

EC2 user data is used to automate boot tasks such as:

A
  • Installing updates
  • Installing software
  • Downloading common files from the internet
  • Anything you can think of
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15
Q

The EC2 User Data Script runs with

A

the root user

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16
Q

what is the naming convention for aws ec2 instance types?

A

instance class (letter), generation (number), size within the instance class name (example: m5.2xlarge)

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17
Q

what are ec2 instance general purpose type?

A

Great for a diversity of workloads such as web servers or code repositories

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18
Q

ec2 general purpose type balance between:

A
  • Compute
  • Memory
  • Networking
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19
Q

ec2 compute optimized type

A 
Great for compute-intensive tasks that require high performance processors:
• Batch processing workloads
• Media transcoding
• High performance web servers
• High performance computing (HPC)
• Scientific modeling & machine learning
• Dedicated gaming servers
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20
Q

EC2 Instance Types – Memory Optimized

A

Fast performance for workloads that process large data sets in memory

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21
Q

use cases for memory optimized

A

Use cases:
• High performance, relational/non-relational databases
• Distributed web scale cache stores
• In-memory databases optimized for BI (business intelligence)
• Applications performing real-time processing of big unstructured data

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22
Q

EC2 Instance Types – Storage Optimized

A

Great for storage-intensive tasks that require high, sequential read and write access to large data sets on local storage

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23
Q

storage optimized use cases

A

Use cases:
• High frequency online transaction processing (OLTP) systems
• Relational & NoSQL databases
• Cache for in-memory databases (for example, Redis)
• Data warehousing applications
• Distributed file systems

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24
Q

what are the ec2 instance types?

A

general-purpose, compute-optimized, memory-optimized, storage optimized

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25
Q

Security Groups are the fundamental of

A

network security in AWS

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26
Q

security groups control what in ec2?

A

control how traffic is allowed into or out of our EC2 Instances.

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27
Q

Security groups only contain ___ rules

A

allow rules

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28
Q

Security groups rules can reference by

A

IP or by security group

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29
Q

Security groups are acting as a

A

“firewall” on EC2 instances

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30
Q

Security groups regulate

A
  • Access to Ports
  • Authorised IP ranges – IPv4 and IPv6
  • Control of inbound network (from other to the instance)
  • Control of outbound network (from the instance to other)
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31
Q

Security groups can be attached to

A

multiple instances

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32
Q

Security groups are Locked down to a

A

region / VPC combination

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33
Q

Security groups Does live “outside” the EC2 – if

A

traffic is blocked the EC2 instance won’t see it

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34
Q

Security groups It’s good to maintain one separate security group for

A

SSH access

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35
Q

Security groups If your application is not accessible (time out), then it’s a

A

security group issue

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36
Q

Security groups If your application gives a “connection refused“ error, then it’s an

A

application error or it’s not launched

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37
Q

Security groups All inbound traffic is blocked

A

by default

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38
Q

Security groups All outbound traffic is authorised

A

by default

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39
Q

Security groups Classic Ports to know

A
  • 22 = SSH (Secure Shell) - log into a Linux instance
  • 21 = FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – upload files into a file share
  • 22 = SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) – upload files using SSH
  • 80 = HTTP – access unsecured websites
  • 443 = HTTPS – access secured websites
  • 3389 = RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) – log into a Windows instance
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40
Q

port 22 =

A

SSH (Secure Shell) - log into a Linux instance

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41
Q

port 21 =

A

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) – upload files into a file share

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42
Q

port 22 = SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) –

A

upload files using SSH

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43
Q

port 80 =

A

HTTP – access unsecured websites

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44
Q

port 443 =

A

HTTPS – access secured websites

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45
Q

port 3389 =

A

RDP (Remote Desktop Protocol) – log into a Windows instance

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46
Q

ssh is available for what OS?

A

linux, macos, windows >=10

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47
Q

putty is available for what os?

A

windows

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48
Q

ec2 instance connect available for what os

A

linux, mac, windows

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49
Q

what is EC2 Instance Connect?

A

Connect to your EC2 instance within your browser with No need to use your key file that was downloaded

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50
Q

how does ec2 instance connect work? “magic”

A

temporary key is uploaded onto EC2 by AWS

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51
Q

EC2 Instance Connect works out of the box with

A

Amazon Linux 2

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52
Q

if using EC2 Instance Connect what port needs to be open?

A

22

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53
Q

What are the EC2 Instances Purchasing Options?

A

on-demand instances, reserved, spot instances, dedicated hosts, dedicated instances

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54
Q

what are On-Demand Instances?

A

short workload, predictable pricing

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55
Q

what is the minimum duration for reserved instances

A

1 year

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56
Q

what are the workloads for Reserved Instances:

A

long workloads

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57
Q

Convertible Reserved Instances:

A

long workloads with flexible instances

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58
Q

Scheduled Reserved Instances:

A

run a specific time and day

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59
Q

Spot Instances:

A

short workloads, cheap, can lose instances (less reliable)

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60
Q

Dedicated Hosts:

A

book an entire physical server, control instance placement

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61
Q

Dedicated Instances:

A

no other customers will share your hardware

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62
Q

for ec2 on demand you pay for

A

what you use

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63
Q

for ec2 on demand linux you pay for

A

billing per second, after the first minute

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64
Q

for ec2 on demand windows and macos you pay for

A

billing per hour

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65
Q

ec2 on demand has the highest __ BUT no __ __

A

cost but no upfront payment

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66
Q

ec2 on demand has no ___ ___ commitment

A

long term commitment

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67
Q

EC2 ondemand is recommended for what type of workloads where ___?

A

Recommended for short-term and un-interrupted workloads, where you can’t predict how the application will behave

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68
Q

what is the max discount percentage of reserved instances to on demand?

A

72%

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69
Q

what is the reservation period impact on discount?

A

1 year = discount, 3 = more

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70
Q

what are the purchasing options for ec2 reserved instance?

A

no upfront costs, partial upfront, or all upfront

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71
Q

when is reserved instance recommended?

A

for easy steady-state usage apps (db)

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72
Q

what is a convertible reserved instance?

A

can change ec2 instance type

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73
Q

max discount for convertible reserved instance?

A

up to 45%

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74
Q

What scheduled reserved instances?

A

launch within time window you reserve, require fraction of day/week/month

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75
Q

what is the time commitment for scheduled reserved instances?

A

1 year only

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76
Q

max discount for spot instances compareed to on-demand

A

90%

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77
Q

what are spot instances?

A

instances you can lose at any point of time if your max price is less than the current spot price

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78
Q

what is the most cost-efficient ec2 instance ?

A

spot instances

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79
Q

spot instances are useful for workloads that are

A

resilient to failure

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80
Q

what type of instance would you use for batch jobs?

A

spot instances

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81
Q

what type of instance would you use for Dataa analysis?

A

spot instances

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82
Q

what type of instance would you use for image processing?

A

spot instances

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83
Q

what type of instance would you use for ANY distributed workloads?

A

spot instances

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84
Q

what type of instance would you use for workloads with flex start and end time?

A

spot instances

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85
Q

what instance is not suitable for critical jobs or databases?

A

spot instances

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86
Q

what is amazon ec2 dedicated host?

A

physical server with ec2 instance capacity fully dedicated to your use

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87
Q

what can ec2 dedicated hosts help you address?

A

compliance requirements

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88
Q

how can ec2 dedicated hosts help you reduce costs?

A

by allowing you to use your existing server-bound software licenses

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89
Q

ec2 dedicated hosts is allocated to your account for how long?

A

3-year period reservation

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90
Q

ec2 dedicated hosts is useful for software that have complicated _______ ___ ___

A

licensing model, Bring your Own License (BYOL)

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91
Q

ec2 dedicated hosts is useful for companies that have strong ____ or _____ ___

A

regulatory or compliance needs

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92
Q

what are dedicated instances?

A

instances running on hardware thats dedicated to you and may share with other instances in same acct

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93
Q

dedicated instances have no control over

A

instance placement ( can move hardware after stop/start)

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94
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts enables the use of dedicated physical servers?

A

both dedicated instances and dedicated hosts

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95
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts has per instance billing ?

A

dedicated instances

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96
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts has per host billing?

A

dedicated hosts

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97
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts has visibility of sockets, cores, host ID?

A

dedicated hosts

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98
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts affinity btwn a host and instance?

A

dedicated hosts

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99
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts target instance placement

A

dedicated hosts

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100
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts automatic instance placement

A

both

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101
Q

What type of dedicated instance/hosts add capacity using an allocation request

A

dedicated hosts

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102
Q

What is the best instance to purchase if it is like: coming and staying in resort whenver we like, we pay full price

A

on demand

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103
Q

What is the best instance to purchase if it is like: planning ahead and if we plan to stay for a long time we may get a good discount

A

reserved

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104
Q

What is the best instance to purchase if it is like: hotel allows people to bid for the empty rooms and highest bidder keeps the rooms, you can get kicked out any time

A

spot instances

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105
Q

What is the best instance to purchase if it is like: we book an entire building of the resort

A

dedicated hosts

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106
Q

how to make a spot instance request

A

define max spot price and get the instance while current spot price < max

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107
Q

what does hourly spot instance price depend on?

A

varies based on offer and capacity

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108
Q

If the current spot price > your max price you can choose to

A

stop or terminate your instance with a 2 minute grace period

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109
Q

what is spot blocking for spot instances?

A

“block” spot instance during a specified time frame (1-6 hours) w/o interruptions

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110
Q

what are spot instances primarily used for?

A

batch jobs, data analysis, workloads that are resilient to failures

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111
Q

spot instances are not great for

A

critical jobs or databases

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112
Q

whenn can you cancel a spot instance requests?

A

requests that are open, active, or disabled

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113
Q

T/F: Canceling a spot request doesnt terminate instances

A

T

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114
Q

How do you terminate a spot request

A

first cancel, then terminate

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115
Q

what does a spot fleet consist of ?

A

set of Spot Instances, (optional) on-demand instances

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116
Q

Spot fleet will try to meet the target capacity with

A

price constraints

117
Q

when do stop fleets stops launching instances?

A

reach capacity or max cost

118
Q

what are the strategries to allocate spot instances

A

lowestPrice, diversified, capacityOptimized

119
Q

what is the lowestPrice strategy ?

A

allocate spot instances by from the pool with lowest price (cost optimization, short workload)

120
Q

what is the diversified stragey?

A

allocate spot instances - distributed across all pools (great for availability, long workloads)

121
Q

what capacityOptimized?

A

pool with the optimal capacity for the number of instances

122
Q

what do spot fleets allow us to do?

A

automatically request spot instances with the lowest price

123
Q

public ip

A

the machine can be id’d on the internet

124
Q

public ip are unique across the web means

A

2 machines cant have same public ip

125
Q

T/F: Public ip’s cannot be geo-located easily

A

F

126
Q

Private IP

A

machine can only be id’d on a private network only

127
Q

how do machines on private ip connect to internet?

A

using a NAT + internet gateway (proxy)

128
Q

Elastic IP

A

when you stop and then start an ec2 inst, it can change its public IP

129
Q

what kind of ip do you need if you require a fixed public ip for your instance?

A

elastic ip

130
Q

what is a public IPv4 ip you own as long as you dont delete it?

A

elastic ip

131
Q

you can attach elastic ip to one

A

instance

132
Q

what is the max amount of elastic IP you can have

A

5 , but can ask aws for more

133
Q

what can you mask with elastic ip address?

A

mask failure of an instance or software by rapidly remapping the address to another inst in your acct

134
Q

Why should you avoid using elastic ip?

A

reflect poor architectural decisions

135
Q

how can you prevent using elastic ip?

A

use random public IP and register DNS name to it, or use a load blancer and dont use a public ip

136
Q

what are placement groups?

A

when you want to control over the ec2 instance placement strategy

137
Q

when you create placement groups, what do you specify?

A

cluster, spread, partition

138
Q

what are clusters in placement groups?

A

clusters instances into a low-latency group in a single AZ

139
Q

what are spread in placement groups?

A

spreads instances across underlying hardware

140
Q

what are partition in placement groups?

A

spread instances across many different partitions that rely on different sets of racks within AZ

141
Q

what are the adv of placement group clusters?

A

fastet network 10Gbps bandwidth btwn instances w/ enhanced networking enabled

142
Q

what is disadv of placement group clusters?

A

if rack fails, all instances fails at same time

143
Q

In terms of placment groups, what should be used for big data jobs that needs to complete fast?

A

placement group cluster

144
Q

In terms of placment groups, what should be used for apps that need extremely low latency and high network throughput?

A

placement group cluster

145
Q

what are the adv of placement group spread?

A

can span accross az, reduced risk is simultaneous fails, ec2 instances are on different physical hardware

146
Q

what is disadv of placement group spread?

A

limited to 7 instances per AZ placement group

147
Q

In terms of placment groups, what should be used for apps that need to max high availability?

A

spread

148
Q

In terms of placment groups, what should be used for critical apps where each instance must be isolated from failure from each other?

A

spread

149
Q

In terms of placment groups, what should be used for HDFS, HBase, Cassandra, Kafka

A

paritition

150
Q

max partitions per AZ?

A

7

151
Q

t/f: Partitions can span accross multiple az in the same region

A

t

152
Q

paritions has up to ___s of ec2 instancs

A

100s

153
Q

instances in a partition dont share racks with

A

the instances in th other partitions

154
Q

a parition failure can affect

A

many ec2 but wont impact other partitions

155
Q

how do ec2 instances get access to partition info as

A

metadata

156
Q

ENI

A

elastic network interfaces

157
Q

what are the attributes of ENI?

A

primary private IPv4 or more secondary ipv4; 1 elastic ip per ipv4; one public ipv4, one or more security groups, a MAC address

158
Q

T/F: You can’t create ENI independently and attach them on the fly (move them) on EC2 instances for failover

A

F, you can

159
Q

ENI is bound to a specific

A

AZ, availability zone

160
Q

what happens when you stop an EC2 instance?

A

the data on the disk (EBS) is kept intact for the next start

161
Q

what happens when you terminate an EC2 instance?

A

any EBS volumes (root) also set up to be destroyed is lost

162
Q

what happens when you FIRST START an EC2 instance?

A

OS boots & EC2 User Data Script is run

163
Q

what happens when you Following STARTs an EC2 instance?

A

os boots, then your app starts, caches get warmed up (can take time)

164
Q

What is EC2 Hibernate with respect to RAM?

A

in-memory (RAM) state is preserved

165
Q

What is EC2 Hibernate with respect to instance boot speed?

A

faster since the OS isnt stopped or restarted

166
Q

What is EC2 Hibernate with respect to RAM under the hood?

A

RAM state is written to a file in the root EBS volume

167
Q

What is EC2 Hibernate with respect to EBS volume must be ?

A

encrypted

168
Q

What EC2 mode would you use for the following use cases: long-running processes, saving the RAM state, services that take time to initialize

A

EC2 Hibernate

169
Q

EC2 Hibernate Support which instance families?

A

C3-C5; M3-M5, R3-R5

170
Q

EC2 Hibernate instance RAM size must be less than

A

150 GB

171
Q

EC2 Hibernate instance size is not supported for

A

bare metals instances

172
Q

EC2 Hibernate AMI:

A

Amazon Linux 2, Linux AMI, Ubuntu & Windows

173
Q

EC2 Hibernate root volume:

A

must be EBS, encrypted, not instance store, and large

174
Q

EC2 Hibernate is available for

A

On-Demand and Reserved Instances

175
Q

an ec2 instance cannot be hibernated for more than how many days?

A

60 days

176
Q

What is the underlying platform for the next generation of ec2 instances and new virtualization tech?

A

EC2 Nitro

177
Q

EC2 Nitro allows for

A

better performance & underlying security

178
Q

EC2 Nitro provides better networking how?

A

enhanced networking, HPC, IPv6

179
Q

EC2 Nitro has higher speed

A

EBS

180
Q

what can run on one cpu?

A

multiple threads

181
Q

each thread is represented by a

A

virtual cpu

182
Q

ec2 instances come with a combo of

A

RAM and vCPU

183
Q

when are the # of CPU cores decreased?

A

need high RAM and low number of CPU (lower price)

184
Q

when do you disable multithreading?

A

high performance computing (HPC) workloads

185
Q

When can threads and vcpus be specified?

A

during instance launch

186
Q

what do capacity reservations ensure?

A

you have ec2 capacity when needed

187
Q

the end date for capacity reservations can be

A

manual or planned

188
Q

capacity reservations do not need what commitment

A

1 or 3 year

189
Q

capacity access is ___ and you get billled when __

A

immediate, when it starts

190
Q

what do you specify for capacity reservations?

A

AZ, number of instances, instance attributes

191
Q

What should you combine for cost savings?

A

Reserved Instances and Saving Plans

192
Q

What is an EBS Volume?

A

Elastic Block Store Volume is a network drive you can attach to your instances while they run

193
Q

What do EBS volumes allow for your instances data?

A

persist data even after their termination

194
Q

EBS volumes can be mounted to

A

one instance at a time at CCP level

195
Q

EBS volumes are bound to a

A

specific availability zone

196
Q

EBS volumes uses the network to

A

communicate the instance

197
Q

EBS volumes uses the network to communicate the instance means

A

latency

198
Q

EBS volumes can be detached from an ec2 instance and then

A

attached to another quickly

199
Q

EBS volumes are locked to a

A

AZ

200
Q

to move an EBS volumes accross an AZ, you must

A

first snapshot it

201
Q

EBS volumes have a provissioned

A

capacity (size in GB and IOPS)

202
Q

how do you get billed for EBS volumes

A

for all provisioned capacity, which can be increased over time

203
Q

what does Delete on Termination attribute for ebs?

A

controls the behaviour when an ec2 instance terminates

204
Q

What happens by default when Delete on Termination attribute is enabled?

A

the root EBS volume is deleted

205
Q

What happens by default when Delete on Termination attribute is disabled?

A

any other attached ebs volume isnt deleted

206
Q

When do you use when Delete on Termination attribute on ebs?

A

preserve root volume when the instance is terminated

207
Q

What is an EBS Snapshot?

A

make a backup/snapshot of your EBS volume at a point in time

208
Q

What is recommended when doing an ebs snapshot?

A

detach your ebs volume

209
Q

with ebs snapshot you can copy them across

A

AZ or region

210
Q

AMI stands for

A

Amazon Machine Image

211
Q

What are AMI’s?

A

customization of an ec2 isntance

212
Q

AMI you add your own

A

software, configuration, OS, monitoring

213
Q

why are ami faster boot/config time than regular ec2 ?

A

all your software is pre-packaged

214
Q

AMI are built for a

A

specfiic region that can be copied across regions

215
Q

where can ec2 instances be launchd from?

A

public AMI, your own ami, AWS marketplace ami

216
Q

What is the ami process from an ec2 instance?

A

Start EC2 instance and customize it; stop instance for data integrity, build AMI (creates EBS snapshots), launch from other amis

217
Q

EBS volumes are network drives with good but _____ performance

A

“limited”

218
Q

What should you use if your need a high-performance hardware disk (better i/o)?

A

EC2 Instance Store

219
Q

what happens if an EC2 instance store stops?

A

they lose their storage (ephemeral)

220
Q

EC2 instance store are good for what?

A

buffer, cache, scratch data, temporary content

221
Q

EC2 instance store has risk of ?

A

data loss if hardware fails

222
Q

what are you responsible for with EC2 instance store

A

backups and replication

223
Q

What are the 6 types of EBS Volume Types?

A

gp2, gp3, io1, io2 (ssd); st1, sc1 (hdd)

224
Q

what are gp2, gp3 SSD ebs volume types?

A

general-purpose ssd volume that balances price and performance for a wide variety of workloads

225
Q

what are io1, io2 SSD ebs volume types? (ssd)

A

highest-performance SSD volume for mission-critical low-latency or high-throughput workloads

226
Q

what are st1 HDD ebs volume types?

A

low cost hdd volume deisgned for frequently accessed, throughput-intensive workloads

227
Q

what are sc1 HDD ebs volume types?

A

lowest cost hdd volume designed for less frequently accessed workloads

228
Q

ebs volume are characterized in

A

Size, Throughput, IOPS(I/O Ops Per Sec)

229
Q

what ebs volume types can be used as boot volumes?

A

gp2, gp3, io1, io2 (ssd)

230
Q

EBS volume General Purpose SSD is best used for what kind of storage and latncy?

A

cost effective storage, low-latency

231
Q

EBS volume General Purpose SSD is best used for what scenarios?

A

sys boot volumes, virtual desktops, development and test envs

232
Q

EBS volume General Purpose SSD size range

A

1 GiB - 16 TiB

233
Q

gp3 baseline IOPs and throughput of

A

3000 IOPS; 125 MiB/s

234
Q

gp3 max IOPs and throughput of

A

16000; 1000

235
Q

small gp2 volumes can burst IOPs to

A

3000

236
Q

gp2 max IOPs

A

16000

237
Q

gp2 size of volume and OPS are

A

linked

238
Q

what are the io1/io2 ebs volumes considered?

A

Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS) SSD

239
Q

when should Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS) SSD be used ?

A

critical business apps with sustained IOPS performance, or apps that need more than 16000 IOPS

240
Q

What kind of workloads are Provisioned IOPS (PIOPS) SSD great for?

A

database workloads with sensitve storage perf and consistency

241
Q

io1/io2 storage range:

A

4 GiB- 16 TiB

242
Q

io1/io2 Max PIOPS for nitro ec2

A

64000

243
Q

io1/io2 Max PIOPS for non-nitro ec2

A

32000

244
Q

io1/io2 can increase PIOPS independdently from

A

storage size

245
Q

how is io2 better than io1?

A

more durability and more IOPS per GiB

246
Q

io2 Block Express size range

A

4GiB - 64 TiB

247
Q

io2 Block Express has what kind of latency?

A

sub-millisecond latency

248
Q

io2 Block Express Max PIOPS:

A

256,000 w/ an IOPS:GiB ratio of 1000:1

249
Q

io2 Block Express supports

A

EBS Multi-Attach

250
Q

EBS HDD cannot be a

A

boot volume

251
Q

EBS HDD size range

A

125 MiB - 16TiB

252
Q

Throughput Optimized HDD is which hdd ebs volume

A

st1

253
Q

what is st1 good for ?

A

big data, data warehouses, log processing

254
Q

st1 max throughput

A

500 MBps

255
Q

st1 max IOPS

A

500

256
Q

Cold HDD

A

sc1

257
Q

when should sc1 be used?

A

data not accessed often, lowest cost is vital

258
Q

sc1 max throughput and IOPS

A

250

259
Q

what is ebs multi-attach

A

when you attached the same ebs volume to multiple ec2 instances in the same AZ

260
Q

ebs multi-attach each instance has full

A

read & write permissions to the volume

261
Q

When do you use ebs multi-attach?

A

achieve higher app availability in cluster linux apps; apps must manage concurrent write ops

262
Q

to do ebs multi-attach, you must use a file sys that is

A

cluster-aware

263
Q

what happens when you create an encrypted EBS volume?

A

data at rest is encrypted inside the volume, all the data in flight moving between the instance and volume is encrypted, all snapshots are encrypted, all volumes created from the snapshot

264
Q

how is the encryptions and decryption of ebs volumes handled?

A

transparently, you do nothing

265
Q

ebs encryotion has ___ impact on latency

A

minimal

266
Q

ebs encrytpion leverages keys from

A

kms (aes-256)

267
Q

t/f: copying an unencrypted volume snapshot allows encyrption

A

t

268
Q

snapshotsof encrypted volumes are encrypted t/f

A

t

269
Q

How do you encrypt an unencrytped EBS volume?

A
  1. create an ebs snapshot of the volume
  2. encrypt the ebs snapshot (using copy)
  3. create new ebs volume from the snapshot (volume will also be encrypted_
  4. attach encrypted volume to the original instance
270
Q

EFS

A

Elastic File Sys

271
Q

what is EFS?

A

managed NFS (netowrk file sys) that can be mounted on many ec2

272
Q

EFS works with ec2 in

A

multi-AZ

273
Q

T?F: EFS is highly available ,scalable, expenssive, pap per use

A

t

274
Q

Use cases for efs

A

content mgmt, web serving, data sharing, Wordpress

275
Q

what protocol does efs use?

A

NFSv4.1

276
Q

how do you control access to efs?

A

use a secruity group

277
Q

efs is comptabile with

A

linux based ami (not windows)

278
Q

efs encryption at rest used

A

kms

279
Q

what kind of file sys is efs?

A

POSIX file sys ~ Linux that has standard file API

280
Q

efs scales

A

automatically, pay-per-use, no capacity planning

281
Q

EFS Scale

A

1000s of concurrent NFS clients, 10 GB+ /s throughput, grow to Petabyte-scale network file sys automatically

282
Q

EFS Performance mode is set at

A

efs creation time

283
Q

efs performance mode general-purpose default?

A

lattency-senseitve use cases (web server, cms)

284
Q

efs performance mode max i/o

A

higher latency, throughput, highly paralelel (big data, media processing)

285
Q

efs throughput mode bursting

A

1TB = 50 MiB/s + burst of 100 MiB/s

286
Q

efs throughput mode provisioned

A

set trhoughput regardless of storage size

287
Q

efs storage tiers

A

lifecycle management feature

288
Q

efs standard storage tier

A

often accessed files

289
Q

efs infrequent access storage tier (EFS-IA)

A

cost to retrieve files and lower price to store

aws solutions architect (2 decks)

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