EBS and ECS Flashcards
What are the EBS SSD volume types?
General-purpose SSD
- gp2
Provisioned IOPS SSD
- gp3
- io1
- io2
What are the EBS HDD volume types?
- st1: Throughput Optimised HDD
- sc1: Cold HDD
EBS SSD gp2 characteristics
General-purpose SSD
- Suitable for boot disks and general applications
- Up to 16.000 IOPS per volume
- Up to 99.9% durability
EBS SSD gp3 characteristics
Provisioned IOPS SSD
- Suitable for high-performance applications
- Predictable 3.000 IOPS baseline performance and 125 MiB/s regardless of volume size
- Up to 99.9% durability
EBS SSD io1 characteristics
Provisioned IOPS SSD
- Suitable for OLTP and latency-sensitive applications
- 50 IOPS/GiB
- Up to 64,000 IOPS per volume
- High performance and most expensive
- Up to 99.9% durability
EBS SSD io2 characteristics
Provisioned IOPS SSD
- Suitable for OLTP and latency-sensitive applications
- 500 IOPS/GiB
- Up to 64,000 IOPS per volume
- Up to 99.999% durability
- Latest generation Provisioned IOPS volume
EBS HDD st1 characteristics
Throughput Optimised HDD
- Suitable for big data, DWH, ETL
- Max throughput is 500 MB/s per volume
- Can’t be a boot volume
- Up to 99.9% durability
EBS HDD sc1 characteristics
Cold HDD
- Max throughput is 250 MB/s per volume
- Less frequently accessed data
- Can’t be a boot volume
- Lowest cost
- Up to 99.9% durability
Volumes exist on … and Snapshots exist on …
EBS and S3
Are Snapshots incremental?
Yes. Only the blocks that have changed since your last Snapshot are moved to S3. The first Snapshot may take some time to create.
How can I take a consistent snapshot?
Stop the instance and detach the volume
Can I share snapshots between accounts and regions?
You can share snapshots between AWS accounts as well as between regions, but first, you need to copy that snapshot to the target region.
Can I resize or change an EBS volume type on the fly?
Yes, you can resize EBS volumes on the fly as well as change the volume type
Instance Store volumes are also known as…
Ephemeral Storage
What happens with the data if you stop an Instance Store instance or the underlying host fails?
The data in the Instance Store volumes will be lost
What happens with the data if you stop an EBS-backed instance?
EBS-backed instances can be stopped. You will not lose the data in this instance it is stopped
What happens with the data if you reboot an EBS-backed or Instance Store instance?
You can reboot both EBS and instance store volumes and you will not lose your data
What happens with boot volumes in EBS-backed or Instance Store instances on termination?
By default, both boot volumes will be deleted on termination. However, with EBS volumes, you can tell AWS to keep the root device volume.
Are snapshots of encrypted volumes encrypted?
Yes
Are volumes created from encrypted snapshots encrypted?
Yes
Is the data in flight moving between the instance and the volume encrypted?
Yes
How to encrypt a root device?
- Create a snapshot of the unencrypted root device volume
- Create a copy of the snapshot and select the encrypt option
- Create an AMI from the encrypted snapshot
- Use that AMI to launch new encrypted instances
EC2 Hibernation
- Preserves the in-memory RAM on persistent storage (EBS)
- Much faster to boot up because you don’t need to reload the OS
- Instance RAM must be less than 150MB
- Instance families included: C3, C4, C5, M3, M4…
- Available for Windows, Amazon Linux AMI and ubuntu
- Instances can’t be hibernated for more than 60 days
- Available for On-Demand instances and Reserved instances
What protocol does EFS support?
NFS v4
How many concurrent connections does EFS support?
Thousands of concurrent NFS connections
How’s the pricing model for EFS?
Only pay for the storage you use (no pre-provisioning required)
How much can the storage for EFS scale?
Can scale up to petabytes
How is data stored in EFS in terms of location?
Data is stored across multiple AZs within a region
What’s the consistency model of EFS?
read-after-write consistency
When to use EFS?
When you need distributed, highly resilient storage for Linux instances and Linux-based applications
When to use Amazon FSx for Windows?
When you need centralised storage for Windows-based applications, such as SharePoint, Microsoft SQL Server, Workspaces, IIS Web Server, or any other native Microsoft application
When to use Amazon FSx for Lustre?
When you need high-speed, high capacity distributed storage. This will be for applications that do high-performance computing (HPC), financial modelling, etc. Remember that FSx for Lustre can store data directly on S3.
What is AWS Backup?
Use AWS Backup to backup AWS services, such as EC2, EBS, EFS, Amazon FSx for Lustre, Amazon FSx for Windows File Server, and AWS Storage Gateway.
Why use AWS Backup in conjunction with AWS Organisations?
You can use AWS Organisations in conjunction with AWS Backup to back up your different AWS serviced across multiple AWS accounts
What are the benefits of AWS Backup?
AWS Backup gives you centralised control, letting you automate your backups and define lifecycle policies for your data. You get better compliance, as you can enforce your backup policies, ensure your backups are encrypted, and audit them once complete
