EBP Exam 1 Flashcards
What are the types of research questions?
Descriptive
Relational
Group difference
Time difference
What is a descriptive question
When something is “described”
What is relational question
Relations between or among constructs
What is a group difference question
Differences between groups
What is a time difference question
Change across time
Factors affecting reliability
Time and training among raters
What is construct validity?
Measure detects the expected differences between groups that are known to differ
Ex) breathalyzer able to tell differences between drunk and sober
Content validity is what
Measure comprehensively evaluates the relevant components of the sign or symptom
Ex) Berg measures balance and there are many steps (dimensions) to get accurate measurement
Criterion validity is what?
Correlation between measures - statistical indicator of a linear relationship
EX) FIM vs other out come measure
Subset of criterion - Concurrent validity what is it?
Measuring two out come measures at the same time or close together in time
Subset of criterion - predictive validity what is it?
Comparing measures later in time which is harder to measure
Sources of measurement error
- Rater - the person collecting the measurement
- client or research participant
- instrument used to measure
- environment or context
Measurement scales (types)
- Nominal - yes, no questions
- Ordinal - never, rarely, most of the time rank but not distance between is not equal
- Interval - rank order and quality distance but no true zero, Fahrenheit scale
- Ratio - rank order, equal distance and true zero, Kelvin scale
What are the two types of rater
Interrater and intrarater
What is interrater
Between/among raters
On graph it would be comparing two different raters
What is intrarater
Within a single rater
Ex) on graph it would be comparing me to me
What is the ceiling effect
When a measure is unable to distinguish among participants who score HIGH on the measure
What is the floor effect
When a measure is unable to distinguish among patients who score LOW on measures
What is comprehension
Interpretation of the QUESTION’s words, relationships among words and intent
What is encode and recall/retrieval
Introspection and pull info from memory to answer the question
What is judgement
Generate an internal estimate of potential answer (signs and symptoms)
What is response
Map internal estimate to a response option in the measure
What is a quantitative variable
Describes a variable that is measured with numbers
What is a qualitative variable
Describes a variable that is usually measured categorically
What is a discrete variable
Possible values are limited
Ex) pain scale , mild, moderate, severe
What is a continuous variable
Possible values are much less limited
Ex) 0-100
Works better than discrete
