EBP and its Components Flashcards
What differentiates research from EBP?
Generates new information on a particular condition, treatment, or phenomenon through testing some hypothesis
Attempts to describe lived experiences (qualitative – phenomenology)
Asserts connections among study concepts (qual or quan)
Suggests cause-effect relationships (quantitative)
What differentiates EBP from research?
Applies existing knowledge in a systematic way – more structured, standard way
A crucial step is critical appraisal of evidence.
Integrates findings with existing skills and knowledge and client’s goals – applies existing knowledge
List the steps of EBP in order.
identify a need and write a PICO question search the evidence appraise the evidence apply the evidence evaluate the outcomes
Describe points to address in the Rationale section of an EBP project of critically appraised topic(CAT).
Need
Significance
Problem
List the concerns of descriptive pico questions
Descriptive
Practice
Ex: what kind of of interventions are there
Prevention
What factors help to prevent something
Prevalence or incidence
How common is something?
Characteristics of those with a condition
If you have severe arthritis, what kinds of problems are common?
What should we address in our assessment?
List the concerns of assessment research questions
Assessment
Benefit of usefulness of procedures
Types of reliability and validity
Helps us know how to use an assessment
If an ass. doesn’t have good test-retest reliability, we may not want to use it
Sensitivity and specificity
Can if pick out people who have this problem?
Specificity: Is it good at saying “they’re fine” – people that have a disability vs people that don’t.
Useful for measuring change
List the interests of intervention research questions
Intervention Effectiveness – how effective is CIMT Decrease risk How do I decrease risk of falls? Comparison of interventions Which one is better to use in these situations
List types of descriptive research designs
Surveys Qualitative: descriptive Cohort studies Observational studies Correlational, regression This describes how things are related You will look at psychometrics here and see if you get similar scores. Incidence, prevalence Specificity studies: Can it really pick out the right people Considerations related to types of questions: May use information from other disciplines
List types of intervention research designs
Intervention: Nonrandomized control trials RCT It might not be ethical to do RCT Pretest-posttest studies Factorial studies Cohort studies Time-series studies Longitudinal study May be testing every 3 months Considerations related to types of questions: OT scope of practice?
List types of assessment research designs
Psychometric studies Correlational statistics Reliability studies Sensitivity studies Validity studies Specificity studies Considerations related to types of questions: OT scope of practice? Levels of evidence: RCTS are inappropriate for assessment and descriptive types
What are the characteristics of background questions?
· Broad, general knowledge
· Summary of overview
· Understanding of foreground questions
· Give meaning to foreground questions
· General format
What are the characteristics of foreground questions?
· Focused
· Related to specific conditions or situations
· Provide research findings related to the specific situation
Sources used for background questions include?
· General textbooks
· Encyclopedias
· Medical dictionaries
· Narrative reviews in literature (ClinicalKey)
Sources used for foreground questions include?
· Primary sources
· Original peer-reviewed articles
· Secondary sources, e.g., systematic reviews
What is your goal when searching for evidence to answer a PICO question?
Capture relevant evidence through a reproducible search that addresses the PICO question.
