Eating disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Obesity Rates
A
- Obese: 42%
- Overweight: 72%
- 1970: 45%
2
Q
Body Weight Classification
A
- BMI
- (weight in pounds x 703)/ height in inches^2
- Underweight= Below 18.5
- Normal= 18.5-24.9
- Overweight= 25-29.9
- Obese= 30+
3
Q
Obesity: Risk Factors
A
- Increased mortality
- Heart disease and stroke
- High Blood pressure
- Diabetes
- Some cancers
- Gallbladder disease and gallstones
- osteoarthritis
- Gout
- Breathing Problems (sleep apnea)
4
Q
Anorexia
A
- Restriction of energy intake
- results in very low body weight
- intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat, even though underweight
- Disturbance in how one’s body weight or shape is experienced
- undue influence of body weight or shape on self evaluation
- denial of seriousness of low body weight
- 2 types:
- Restricting type
- limit the calories they consume
- Binging purging type
- eat then quickly purge
- Restricting type
5
Q
Anorexia Prevalence
A
- 12 month prevalence: 0.04%
- 10:1 Female to male ratio
- Mostly caucasian
- Common in high school and college
6
Q
Anorexia: Warning Signs
A
- Significant weight loss
- Pale appearance/yellowish skin-tone
- thin, dull, and dry hair, skin, and nails
7
Q
Annorexia: Health Complications
A
- Enamel erosion and demineralization
- Amenorrhea (Cessation of menstrual cycle)
- Abnormally slow/and or irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure
- anemia
- poor circulatin in hands and feet
- muscle loss and weakness (including heart)
- Dehydration/kidney failure
- Edema/Swelling
- Memory loss/disorientation
- Chronic Constipation
- Growth of Lanugo hair
- Bone density loss/osteoporosis
8
Q
Bulimia
A
- Recurrent episodes of binge eating
- Characterized by both:
- eating a large amount of food in a discrete time
- no control over eating
- Recurrent inappropriate compensatory behavior in order to prevent weight gain
- fasting
- self-induced vomitting
- diuretics/laxatives
- excessive exercise
- occurs at least once a week for 3 months
- Self-eval influenced by body shape and weight
9
Q
Bulimia: Comensatory Strategies
A
- Fasting
- laxatives/diuretics
- self-induced vomiting
- excesive exercise
10
Q
Bulimia: Prevalence
A
- Prevalence: 1.5%
- 10:1 Female to Male ratio
- Most are normal weight
- Most common among adolescence and young adults
11
Q
Bulimia: Warning Signs
A
- Swollen parotid glands in cheeks and neck
- Discoloration and/or stainning of the teeth
- Dental and Dentin erosion
- Broken blood vessels in eyes and/or face
- Calluses on the back of the hands/knuckles from self-induced vomiting
12
Q
Dental Signs and Symptoms of Eating Disorders
A
- dental erosion
- not detected for 2 yars
- rule out: soda swishers, high fruit eaters, and fruit juice drinkers, gastric reflux
- Dentin exposure
- Traumatized oral mucosa membranes
- Xerostamia (dry mouth)
- enlarge parotid gland
13
Q
Bulimia: Health Risks
A
- Electrolyte imbalances can lead to irregular heartbeat and seizures
- Edema/swelling
- Dehydration
- Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
- GI problems
- CHronic irregular bowel movements and constipation
- Inflammation and possible rupture of esophagus
- Tears in the lining of the stomach
- Chronic kidney problems/failure
14
Q
Binge Eating Disorder
A
- Like bulimia, but without the compensatory behavior
- Binge eating episodes associated with 3 or more:
- eating faster than normal
- eating until comfortably full
- eating large amounts of ffood when not hungry
- eating alone bc embarrasssed how much you can eat
- feel disgusted with yourself, depressed, or guilty afterwards
- Marked distress regarding binge eating is present
- occurs at least once a week for 3 months
15
Q
Binge Eating disorder: Prevalence
A
- 12 month prevalence:
- Female: 1.6%
- Male: 0.8%
- New disorder in DSM-5
- Many with the disorder are obese
