Eating Disorders

Question 1

difference btwn eating disorder and disordered eating

Answer 1

ED: condition involving extreme body dissatisfaction and harmful long term eating patterns
disordered eating: atypical eating behaviours to reduce weight

Question 2

factors of developing an ED (6)

Answer 2

family environment
media
sociocultural values
personality
genetics
PTSD

Question 3

family influencing ED

Answer 3

rigid family = anorexia
unstable family = bulimia
eating disorders more common in families with a history of OCD, anxiety, depression

Question 4

media influencing ED

Answer 4

adolescents can’t always tell what is real and what’s fake
self-comparison to edited pictures

Question 5

sociocultural values influencing ED

Answer 5

west: beautiful/healthy/wealthy/disciplined = slender

Question 6

personality influencing ED

Answer 6

hard to tell if it’s cause or effect
personality differs btwn people with anorexia and bulimia

Question 7

genetics influencing ED

Answer 7

high risk of ED if it runs in the family

Question 8

link btwn serotonin and ED

Answer 8

bulimia patients have experienced spontaeous improvement when on anti-depressants

Question 9

what is anorexia nervosa

Answer 9

unhealthy behaviours maintain BW of less than 85% of expected

Question 10

demographic of anorexia nervosa

Answer 10

90-95% are young women/girls (peak onset is 15-19)
0.5-1% of canadian females
5-20% will die of complications

Question 11

symptoms of anorexia nervosa (5)

Answer 11

extreme food restriction
self-starvation
fear of weight gain
amenorrhea
unhealthy body image

Question 12

health risks of anorexia nervosa (4)

Answer 12

electrolyte imbalance
CV problems
gastrointestinal problems
bone problems

Question 13

what is bulimia nervosa

Answer 13

binge eating followed by purging

Question 14

methods of purging

Answer 14

vomiting, laxatives, fasting, excessice exercise, etc

Question 15

demographic of bulimia nervosa (3)

Answer 15

1-4% of women
affects women more than men (btwn 1:6 and 1:10 ratio)
1% of patients will die within 10 years of diagnosis

Question 16

avg bulimia nervosa patient

Answer 16

unmarried, caucasian female
20-30
normal/near normal BW
may be in a destructive relationship
“all or none” thinkers

Question 17

symptoms bulimia nervosa

Answer 17

recurring binge eating (2+ time a week for 3 months)
recurring purging
40% of college age women binge and purge but not often enough for a diagnosis

Question 18

health risks bulimia nervosa (4)

Answer 18

electrolyte imbalance - dehydration and loss of Na, K ions from vomiting
gastrointestinal problems
dental problems
swelling in cheeks/jaw

Question 19

vegetarianism and ED

Answer 19

81% of teenaged vegetarians are female
-2x more likely to diet
4x more likely to report intentional vomiting
8x more likely to report use of laxatives

Question 20

examples of disordered eating

Answer 20

binge eating disorder
chronic overeating
chronic dieting

Question 21

symptoms of binfe eating disorder

Answer 21

often overweight
lack of control during binge
chaotic eating behaviours
negative self esteem
associated with depression, substamce abuse, anxiety

Question 22

cause of binge eating disorder

Answer 22

often begins in grade school
learned reponse to stress or conflict
- parents use food to shape behaviour

Question 23

health risks of binge eating disorder

Answer 23

obesity
foods are often high in fat and sugar
stress - psychological effects

Question 24

symptoms of chronic dieting

Answer 24

preoccupation with food/weight/calories
strict diet
excessive exercise
loss of concentration/mood swings
criticism of body shape

Question 25

health risks of chronic dieting

Answer 25

poor nutrient/energy intake
insuffcient caloric intake - vitamin/mineral deficiency
reduced BMR = decreased energy expenditure
increased risk of ED

Question 26

other ED

Answer 26

body dysmorphic disorder
night-eating syndrome
baryophobia
orthorexia
anorexia athletica

Question 27

what is RED-S

Answer 27

relative energy deficiency in sport
coers broad consequences of low energy availablility

Question 28

what is the female athlete triad

Answer 28

subset of RED-S
consists of: disordered eating, osteoporosis, menstrual dysfunction

Question 29

symptoms of RED-S

Answer 29

fatigue
rapid weight loss
missed periods/delayed periods
low libido (males)
frequent illness
hair loss
trouble focusing
trouble staying warm
irritability/depression

Question 30

RED-S and its effect on performance

Answer 30

decreased strength, endurance, training response, coordination, concentration
increased risk of injury
impaired judgement

Question 31

who is at risk for RED-S

Answer 31

sports that tie success to thinness (gymnastics, figure skating etc)
sports with weigh ins (rowing wrestling)
endurance athletes (marathons cycling)

Question 32

team culture and its affect on eating

Answer 32

culture of body shaming
winning at all costs

Question 33

how to treat anorexia

Answer 33

restore healthy weight
treat complications
encourage healthy behaviours
correct dysfunctional feelings towards ED
enlist help of family/friends

Question 34

how to treat bulimia

Answer 34

identify/modify events that cause binge and purge
monitor and alter thoughts related to food and body image
enlist help of friends and family

Question 35

how to prevent EDs

Answer 35

reduce weight-related comments to children
indentify unrealistic images in media
participate in sports
model healthy diet