Eating Behaviour Flashcards
What did Wardle and Beales 1988 do?
They randomly assigned 27 obese women to either a diet group, an exercise group or a no-treatment group for 7 weeks. When assessed at 4 and 6 weeks, women in the diet group ate more than both the women in the exercise and non-treatment groups.
How does Wardle and Beales 1988 support the restraint theory?
Because they were never fully satisfied with their food, when they could they would over eat to increase their satiety level. This therefore support the restraint theory.
What did Ogden 1994 suggest about the Restraint theory?
He suggested that although obesity may not strictly be the cause of overeating, overeating may be the consequence if restraint is given as a a treatment. This is because failed attempts at dieting can can the dieter to feel depressed, like a failure and unable to control their weight.
How can the restraint model be called reductionist?
While it explains why some dieters and bulimics overeat, it cannot be used to explain anorexics. We cannot generalise the results to everyone who uses restraint as a way of losing weight. This means that the explanation ignores other factors.
What is the detail model?
Proposed by Redden 2008. It suggest that the success of dieting lies in the attention we may to the foods we are eating. He claimed that people get more bored as they continue to do them, and in terms of dieting, the person becomes bored of the diet so they find it hard to stick to them. BY thinking of specifics, people get less bored and are more successful in their attempted to maintain their diet.
Which study support the detail theory?
Redden’s Jelly bean experiment
What did the experiment do and show, and how doe it support the detail theory?
He gave 135 participants 2 jelly means, either with a detailed message ore a general comment. Participants were less bored while seeing the detailed information, showing that the diversity of flavours makes the person want to continue eating, rathe than the taste.
Which side of the nature/ nurture debate does these explanations lie on?
Nurture
What supports the role of nature in the success/ failure of dieting?
Park et al found that Asian adults are more prone to obesity compared to Europeans, possible suggesting that they find it hard to lose weight, because they genetically can’t. This suggests a partially nature element of the success or failure of dieting. This isn’t accounted for in any explanations.
What is the problem with using personal accounts of individuals?
This anecdotal evidence has a number of problems as memory is never 100%, and the success/ failure of dieting is entirely objective. The results are not reliable.
What is the boundary model ?
Developed by Herman and Polivy who attempted to explain why dieting may lead to overeating. According to this model, hunger keeps food above a certain level and satiety works to keep intake above a certain level. Between these two levels, psychological factors have the greatest range between hunger and satiety as it takes them longer to feel hungry and more food to satisfy them. In addition, restrained eaters have a self imposed desired intake.
