EATHWORKS

Question 1

Taking place after clearing all the obstructions at the natural grade in the construction site and staking, earthworks for residential building projects covers excavation, backfilling, embankment and compaction activities.

Answer 1

EARTHWORKS

Question 2

EARTHWORK ITEMS

Answer 2

A. EXCAVATION
B. BACKFILLING
C. EMBANKMENT
D. SOIL COMPACTION

Question 3

The process of moving soil, rocks, existing subgrade structures or other materials in the purpose of attaining a specific grade, as indicated on the Plans, for the construction of footings, at-grade and subgrade beams, and laying of plumbing lines and facilities which includes pipes, septic vaults, trench drains and catch basins.

Answer 3

A. EXCAVATION

Question 4

is also necessary in removing unsuitable soils before setting of rebars for foundation works can commence.

Answer 4

A. EXCAVATION

Question 5

TYPES OF EXCAVATION

Answer 5

• COMMON
• ROCK
• MUCK/UNSUITABLE
• STRUCTURE/STRUCTURAL

Question 6

This includes excavation not classified as “Rock Excavation”, as defined in the DPWH Blue Book 2013.

Answer 6

• COMMON

Question 7

Excavation that consist of excavation of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks which cannot be excavated without blasting or the use of rippers, and all boulders or other detached stones each having a volume of 1 cubic meter or more as determined by physical measurements or visually by the Engineer. [DPWH Blue Book 2013 Item 102]

Answer 7

• ROCK

Question 8

Excavation that consist of the removal and disposal of deposits of saturated or unsaturated mixtures of soils and organic matter not suitable for foundation materials regardless of moisture content. [DPWH Blue Book 2013 Item 102]

Answer 8

• MUCK/UNSUITABLE

Question 9

Example of which are fines that consists of clay and silt, that are known for their high rate of liquefaction, high compressibility and high water bearing capacity.

Answer 9

• MUCK/UNSUITABLE

Question 10

Comprise of the removal and disposal of existing subgrade structures, suchas but not limited to concrete pipes, septic vaults, foundation footings and foundation beams.

Answer 10

• STRUCTURE/STRUCTURAL

Question 11

EXCAVATION COMPUTATION

Answer 11

VOLE = LWD

Question 12

BACKFILLING COMPUTATION

Answer 12

VOLB = 1.25 (VOLE - VOLS)

Question 13

EMBANKMENT COMPUTATION

Answer 13

VOLEM = 1.25 (VOLC)

Question 14

MANPOWER CAPABILITY

Answer 14

1. ACCOMPLISHMENT/DAY = CAPABILITY*NO. OF MEN
2. NO. OF DAYS = VOLE/(ACCOMPLISHMENT/DAY)

Question 15

MANPOWER COST

Answer 15

1. TOTAL DIRECT COST = NO. OF MENRATENO. OF DAYS
2. DIRECT UNIT COST = TOTAL DIRECT COST/VOLE

Question 16

HAUL-OUT COMPUTATION

Answer 16

VOLH = VOLE - CVOLB
LVOLH = VOLH*1.25