Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Emergency Med Exam 1 (A,S,L) > ~Easy Mode GI~ > Flashcards

~Easy Mode GI~ Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

contagious for 28 days of incubation, and one week following onset of jaundice

A

Hepatitis A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

bruising around umbilicus

A

pancreatitis

Cullen’s sign

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

outpatient treatment = ceftriazone + doxycycline

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

abrupt onset of RUQ pain, fever/malaise, anorexia, jaundice, hepatomegaly

A

Hepatitis A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

85% are STI related

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

monitor for sepsis- blood cultures x2 before antibiotic treatment

A

Cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

complications = obstruction, paralytic ileus, edema, compression of colon

A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

typically results from endocarditis or seeding from another site

A

Splenic abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

rigid proctoscopy or flex sig evaluation after treatment

A

rectal foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

SEVERE pain in anal area
no fever
no findings on DRE

A

perianal abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

splenic artery occluded my embolus, clot, or infection

A

Splenic infarct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

positive Courvoisier’s sign

A

Choldecholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

ascending bacterial infection due to obstruction of the biliary ducts

A

Cholangitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

LUQ pain referred pain to the left shoulder

A

Splenic rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

hyperactive bowel sounds/high pitch

A

diverticulitis - obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

treatment for uncomplicated = monitor + analgesics

treatment for complicated = splenectomy

A

Splenic infarct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

acute presentation can be a malignant effusion or small bowel obstruction

A

Ovarian cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

can be caused by an infection such as mononucleosis, CMV, HIV

A

Splenic rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q 
urinary urgency, frequency, dysuria
low grade fever
change in bowel habits
abd distention 
N/V
LLQ pain
A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

ultrasound = abscesses, bowel wall thickening, diverticula, fistulas

A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

blood cultures x 2 if admitting

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

gallstones in the bile or pancreatic duct

A

gall stone pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

anorectal or abdominal pain
blood per rectum
mucus discharge

A

rectal foreign body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

obstipation

A

small bowel obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

gallbladder wall thickening, sonographic “murphy’s sign”, gallstones or sludge, pericholecystic fluid

A

acute cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

foul smelling vaginal discharge (lochia)

A

Post-Partum Endometritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

d-dimer (GI disorders)

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

IV steroids

A

Toxic megacolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

gallstones within the common bile duct

A

Choldecholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

treatment = anesthetize area, open wound, evacuate pus, irrigate well
no packing
sitz bath

A

perianal abscess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

treatment = IV clindamycin + IV gentamycin

A

Post-Partum Endometritis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

elevation of serum lipase or amylase to 3 times greater than normal limit

A

pancreatitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

adhesions from prior abdominal/pelvic surgery can cause

A

small bowel obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

complications include acute pancreatitis and acute cholangitis

A

Choldecholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

vaginal bleeding with pain, typically 6-8 weeks after last menses

A

ectopic pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

high mortality intestinal emergency

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

left side pain (tender mass) on rectal exam

A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

colicky biliary type pain RUQ

radiates to epigastric

A

Choldecholithiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

traumatic and atraumatic etiologies

A

Splenic rupture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q 
x-ray = dilated colon
fever > 38 C 
HR > 120
neutrophilic leukocytosis > 10500 microliters
anemia
dehydration 
altered mental status
electrolyte disturbance 
hypotension
A

Toxic megacolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

toxic appearing patient, fever
altered mental status
bloody diarrhea

A

Toxic megacolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

cefoxin/cefazolin + metronidazole

analgesia

A

appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Shortness of breath and cough especially when lying flat

A

peptic ulcer disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

dark urine + pale stools

A

Hepatitis A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

antibiotic triple therapy (ampicillin/gentamycin/metronidazole)

A

Toxic megacolon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

hypoactive bowel sounds/ absent (diverticulitis)

A

peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

LLQ deep, steady, constant pain

A

diverticulitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

rebound tenderness

A

appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

free air or dead bowel on x-ray = yes = laparotomy

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

ultrasound with duplex for blood flow

A

Ovarian torsion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

inpatient treatment = cefoxitin + doxycycline

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

52
Q

LUQ pain, fever
+/- splenomegaly
+/- left side pleural effusion

A

Splenic abscess

53
Q

RLQ pain
N/V, anorexia
fever = late finding
rigidity, guarding, pain on rectal exam

A

appendicitis

54
Q

CT with contrast = localized bowel thickening, colonic diverticula, abscesses, fistula, dilated loops of bowel

A

diverticulitis

55
Q

soft uterus +/- excessive uterine bleeding

A

Post-Partum Endometritis

56
Q

pain increases with fatty food intake

A

acute cholecystitis

57
Q

leukocytosis with bands, elevated CRP, normal liver labs

A

acute cholecystitis

58
Q

Grey Turner sign

A

pancreatitis `

59
Q

severe, constant RUQ pain > 6 hours that radiates to the epigastric and right shoulder

A

acute cholecystitis

60
Q

RLQ pain - starts periumbilical and migrates

A

appendicitis

61
Q

consult patient to increase fluids and fiber in diet

A

hemorrhoid

62
Q

x-ray = dilated loops of bowel with air-fluid levels

A

small bowel obstruction

63
Q 
fever/ chills
mucopurulent vaginal discharge 
intermenstrual bleeding
cervical friability
pelvic TTP
A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

64
Q

treatment = methotrexate

A

ectopic pregnancy

65
Q

CT with contrast shows inflammation, fat stranding, fluid collection

A

appendicitis

66
Q

anal pruritus, prolapse

A

hemorrhoid

67
Q

percutaneous drainage

A

acute cholecystitis - unstable patient

68
Q

RUQ pain relieved by leaning forward, hypoactive bowel sounds, fever, tachypnea, hypotension, N/V, bloating

A

pancreatitis

69
Q

defect in gastric of duodenal mucosa

A

peptic ulcer disease

70
Q

IV contrast CT is very important, oral not as important for detecting ischemia associated with

A

small bowel obstruction

71
Q

early satiety, dyspepsia, “heart burn”

A

peptic ulcer disease

72
Q

Rovsings

A

appendicitis

73
Q

ecchymotic discoloration due to retroperitoneal bleeding

A

pancreatitis

grey turner sign

74
Q

treatment is splenectomy and blood transfusion

A

Splenic rupture

75
Q

leukocytosis with elevated liver labs (alk phos, GGT, bilirubin, transaminases) +/- elevated amylase with pancreatic involvement

A

Cholangitis

76
Q

ALT > AST

A

Hepatitis A

77
Q

tumor markers CA 125

A

Ovarian cancer

78
Q

fever/chills + uterine tenderness

A

Post-Partum Endometritis

79
Q

treatment = transanal removal with IV sedation or surgical removal

A

rectal foreign body

80
Q

ceftriaxone + metronidazole

+/- systemic anticoagulation

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

81
Q

no anti-motility medications or opioids

A

Toxic megacolon

82
Q

WBCs on saline microscopy

elevated ESR and CRP

A

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

83
Q

Most commonly caused by Choldecholithiasis

A

Cholangitis

84
Q

x-ray = transverse/ right colon dilated up to 15 cm +/- air fluid levels

A

Toxic megacolon

85
Q

elevated LDH, leukocytosis

A

Splenic infarct

86
Q

Appears ill, lies still, + positive murphy’s sign

A

acute cholecystitis

87
Q

RUQ pain, slower progression, persistent, severe, boring acute pain, radiates to back

A

pancreatitis

non-gallstone because slower progression

88
Q

fever/ chills, RUQ pain, jaundice

A

Cholangitis (Charcot’s triad)

89
Q

NG tube + antiemetics

A

small bowel obstruction

90
Q

severe, bloody diarrhea

A

Toxic megacolon

91
Q

decreased of no perfusion to section of colon- obstructive arterial or venous process

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

92
Q

fever/ chills, RUQ pain, jaundice, altered mental status, hypotension

A

Cholangitis (Reynold’s pentad)

93
Q 
\+/- leukocytosis
\+/- metabolic acidosis
hemoconcentration (third spacing) 
increased lactate
increased LDH
A

acute mesenteric ischemia

94
Q

Splenic emergency that is diagnosed by ultra sound and not CT with contrast like the other splenic emergencies

A

Splenic rupture

95
Q

epigastric pain that radiates to the mid thoracic region

A

peptic ulcer disease

96
Q

LUQ pain and FULLNESS

A

Splenic rupture

97
Q

lead point of the bowel is pulled forward by normal peristalsis, telescoping or prolapsing the affected segment of bowel into another segment of bowel

A

intussusception

98
Q

high risk patients = ERCP then elective cholecystectomy

low risk = cholecystectomy

A

Choldecholithiasis

99
Q

if thrombosed, incise overlying skin, evacuate clot = immediate relief

A

hemorrhoid

100
Q

Cullen’s sign

A

pancreatitis

101
Q

bright red, copious rectal bleeding

A

hemorrhoid

102
Q

order a KUB and CXR to check for free air

A

peptic ulcer disease

103
Q

acute perianal pain, “lump” due to thrombosis

A

hemorrhoid

104
Q

usually caused by enterococci

A

Cholangitis

105
Q

free air of dead bowel on x-ray = no = abdominal CT angiography with IV contrast

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

106
Q

localized pain to the RUQ, RAPID ONSET**, radiates to back

A

gall stone pancreatitis

107
Q

treatment = salpingo-oophrectomy

A

Ovarian torsion - post-menopausal

108
Q

partial or complete rotation of ovary, often results in ischemia

A

Ovarian torsion

109
Q

“possible forceful bowel evacuation”

post-prandial pain

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

110
Q

air-filled loop of the sigmoid colon twists about its mesentery

A

volvulus

111
Q

blockage of appendix with stool, appendicolith, tumor with secondary infection

A

appendicitis

112
Q

+ obturator sign

A

pelvic appendicitis

113
Q

rapid onset, severe periumbilical pain out of proportion to physical exam

A

acute mesenteric ischemia

114
Q

UA = pyuria

A

diverticulitis

115
Q

inflammation due to microperforation of a diverticulum

A

diverticulitis

116
Q

+ psoas sign

A

retroceccal appendicitis

117
Q

can be caused by a neoplasm from leukemia or lymphoma

A

Splenic rupture

118
Q

acute onset of pain
N/V
adnexal mass
pain radiates to back/flank/groin

A

Ovarian torsion

119
Q

treatment for uncomplicated = cipro + metronidazole at home

A

diverticulitis

120
Q

treatment if suspected tubal rupture or hemodynamically unstable = oophorectomy

A

ectopic pregnancy

121
Q

treatment = laproscopic detorsion

A

Ovarian torsion - pre-menopausal

122
Q

LIFE-THREATENING hemorrhage is ruptured

A

ectopic pregnancy

123
Q

cramping***, abdominal pain, periumbilical

A

small bowel obstruction

124
Q 
adnexal mass
abd distention
bloating
early satiety
weight loss
A

Ovarian cancer

125
Q

positive stool guaiac

A

diverticulitis

Emergency Med Exam 1 (A,S,L) (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions