Easy American History High School

Question 1

Question: Alex Salmond called this person “three times a loser” after this person attempted to stop some wind farms from being built in Scotland. This former owner of the New Jersey Generals wrote in the New York Times that he was leaving the Reform Party because of the involvement of Lenora Fulani, Pat Buchanan and(*) David Duke in 2000. This owner of Wollman Ice Rink and Mar-a-Lago switched parties again in 2009. Our Principles PAC ran attack ads against this man featuring some of his statements about women. For 10 points, name this winner of the 2016 Presidential election.

Answer 1

Answer: Donald John Trump

Question 2

Question: A special election in this state in May 2011 saw Kathy Hochul win a congressional seat. This state’s Governor defeated Tea Party-backed candidate Carl Paladino in last year’s election to replace outgoing Governor David (*) Paterson; he also scored a major legislative victory on June 24 when the State Senate passed the Marriage Equality Act, allowing gay marriage. For 10 points, name this state currently governed by Andrew Cuomo from the capital, Albany.

Answer 2

New York

Question 3

Question: This man spearheaded the Poor People’s Campaign, and, two years previously, this first president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference was asked to attend a voting rights demonstration in Selma that was broken up by police violence on 1965’s “Bloody Sunday.” This author of a “Letter from (*) Birmingham Jail” led a March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom five years before his assassination by James Earl Ray. Name this Civil Rights leader who organized the Montgomery Bus Boycott and gave the “I Have a Dream” speech.

Answer 3

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

Question 4

Question: One side in this battle was hurt from a victory at the Battle of Guilford Courthouse. The winning side in this battle may not have won without the intervention of the Comte de Grasse’s ships. One side’s army was led by leaders such as the Comte de Rochambeau, and escape was prevented due to a blockade by the French navy. In the first stage of this battle, the winning side was led by the Marquis de Lafayette. George Washington defeated General Cornwallis at, for 10 points, which decisive battle of the American Revolution?

Answer 4

Battle of Yorktown

Question 5

Question: In this city, two weeks after the Battle of Gettysburg, riots broke out against a new draft law. A 1969 police raid against a gay club in this city led to the Stonewall riots. This city was led by Ed Koch in the 1980s and was controlled by (*) Boss Tweed’s Tammany Hall in the 19th century. Its other mayors include Rudy Giuliani, who gained fame for his response when this city’s World Trade Center was attacked. For 10 points, name this largest city in the U.S.

Answer 5

New York City (or NYC)

Question 6

Question: One speech given in this U.S. state says “I do not expect the Union to be dissolved – I do not expect the house to fall.” In a debate held in this state, Stephen Douglas proposed his (*) “Freeport Doctrine;” that was one of seven debates for this state’s Senate seat between Douglas and the speaker of the “House Divided” speech, Abraham Lincoln. For 10 points, name this U.S. State, in which Lincoln and Douglas spoke in Springfield and Chicago.

Answer 6

Illinois

Question 7

Question: Mayor Patricia de Lille, in anticipation of this event, has urged high tariffs for those who consume more than 50 liters per day. Approximately 37,000 agricultural jobs have been lost in light of this event, which is expected to arrive in August 2018 if the annual August rains do not come. In October 2017, officials announced that the city manager may forego standard legislation to accelerate the construction of (*) desalination plants in anticipation of this event. A prolonged 2014 El Niño has led to a once-in-a-century drought that has caused, for 10 points, what public dilemma in which a South African city runs out of a certain public utility?

Answer 7

Day Zero [or Cape Town Water Crisis or equivalents with Cape Town and running out of water] <Halza></Halza>

Question 8

Question: During this battle, roughly 700 of the defenders moved to Punkatasset Hill from a ridge outside town for reconnaissance. After the British searched the farm of Colonel James Barrett and other homes, the Americans met the British at (*) North Bridge. Taking place the afternoon of April 19th, 1775, for 10 points, name this battle, which followed the Battle of Lexington to begin the American Revolutionary War.

Answer 8

Battle of Concord

Question 9

Question: This colorful figure of antebellum America was born in France in 1801. Repeatedly falling into trouble with the French authorities for revolutionary activities, this man fled to America, where he became a lawyer, politician, and diplomat. Months into his tenure as (*) minister to Spain, this man denounced his host country’s monarchy and wounded the French ambassador in a duel. Along with fellow American diplomats James Buchanan and John Mason, this man wrote a secret document declaring that America would seek to wrest Cuba from Spain, possibly by force. The exposure of that document forced this Senator’s departure from Spain. For 10 points, name this Senator from Louisiana and principal writer of the “Ostend Manifesto.”

Answer 9

Pierre Soule [sooh-LEH] <Bykov></Bykov>

Question 10

Question: This work’s last “Fact” notes that the enemy has recruited “merciless Indian Savages.” It ends with 56 people mutually pledging “our Lives, our Fortunes, and our sacred Honor.” This work holds that all men are endowed with (*) “certain unalienable Rights,” including “Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness,” and that “all men are created equal.” For 10 points, name this document, adopted on July 4, 1776, in which the U.S. broke away from Great Britain.

Answer 10

U.S. Declaration of Independence

Question 11

Question: James Killian advised the speaker of this speech to remove the word “scientific” from one phrase in this speech, which was mainly written by the then-president of the University of Minnesota, Malcolm Moos. This speech states how we “must avoid the impulse to live only for today” and that previously, “American makers of plowshares could, with time and as required, make (*) swords as well” in regarding the advent of its main topic. The speaker of this speech referred to its most enduring idea as a “potential enemy of the national interest” and “nothing more than a distorted use of the nation’s resources.” For 10 points, name this final speech given in 1961 by the 34th President of the United States that warned against the dangers of the “military-industrial complex.”

Answer 11

Eisenhower’s Farewell Address [accept Ike’s Farewell Address and reasonable equivalents] <Jin></Jin>

Question 12

Question: One companion case to this case named Bolling v. Sharpe arose due to conditions in the District of Columbia. The lead appellant in this case was a welder for the Santa Fe Railroad. This case used a psychological experiment done by Mamie and Kenneth Clark that involved children and doll selection. In a 1955 further hearing, the Supreme Court ordered its ruling to be implemented(*) “with all deliberate speed.” For 10 points, name this case that overturned Plessy v. Ferguson as applying to public schools.

Answer 12

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas <Joe>/<ed.>/<ed.></ed.></ed.></Joe>

Question 13

Question: During this man’s administration an act limiting child labor, the Keating-Owen Act, waspassed. Another bill passed during this man’s administration was the Clayton Antitrust Act whichhelped limit big business. This president’s secretary of state resigned after the sinking of the (*)Lusitania. This man campaigned with the slogan he kept us out of the war and would later attempt to endthat war with his 14 points. For 10 points, name this 28th President of the United States who was in officeduring World War I.

Answer 13

Woodrow Wilson

Question 14

Question: This battle started after Harry Heth (“Heeth”) sent Johnston Pettigrew to allegedly look for shoes. Daniel Sickles lost his leg while defending the Peach Orchard during this battle. During this battle, Joshua Chamberlain led a bayonet charge of the(*) 20th Maine that secured Little Round Top. On the third day of this battle, the Confederates launched a disastrous assault toward Cemetery Ridge that was known as “Pickett’s Charge.” For 10 points, name this July 1863 Civil War battle in Pennsylvania.

Answer 14

Battle of Gettysburg <Cole>/<ed.></ed.></Cole>

Question 15

Question: Title 2 of this law expanded the use of pen registers to Internet communication. Wisconsin’s Russ Feingold was the only Senator who voted Nay on this bill, whose Title 4 permits indefinite detention of immigrants. It was passed in October (*) 2001, shortly after the anthrax letters and 9/11 attacks. For 10 points, name this controversial act whose name is an acronym for “Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism.”

Answer 15

USA PATRIOT Act of 2001 (or Uniting (and) Strengthening America (by) Providing Appropriate Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001)

Question 16

Question: A British espionage operation in World War II involving copying the contents of diplomatic pouches of neutral countries was named for three instances of this letter in a row. In a 1908 play about a mother with this letter as a last name by Alexandre Bisson, the titular madame is on trial for killing her lover, and this letter is used for (*) Virginie Gautreau’s name in a painting that caused scandal at the Paris Salon in 1884 because of a fallen shoulder strap. A man who gave “The Ballot or the Bullet” speech changed his last name from “Little” to this letter; that man was assassinated in 1965 by members of the Nation of Islam. For 10 points, name this letter which gives the last name for a madame in a John Singer Sargent portrait and the African-American activist Malcolm.

Answer 16

X

Question 17

Question: In this leader’s farewell address, he noted that, until World War II, “American makers ofplowshares could […] make swords as well.” He used the Army to desegregate Central High Schoolin Little Rock, and he was inspired by the Autobahn to develop the national (*) Interstate system.This Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces led the invasion of Normandy on D-Day. For 10 points,name this general who served as U.S. President following Harry Truman.

Answer 17

Dwight David Eisenhower

Question 18

Question: Franklin Sanborn was one of the “Secret Six” who funded this man’s actions. He reacted to thesacking of Lawrence by committing the Pottawatomie Massacre, a pivotal moment during the”Bleeding Kansas” conflict. In October 1859, Marines led by (*) Robert E. Lee stopped him frominciting a slave revolt by capturing him in an armory. For 10 points, name this violent abolitionist whoseraid on the armory at Harpers Ferry presaged the Civil War.

Answer 18

John Brown

Question 19

Question: One of these events was organized by the “MOBE” and is depicted in Norman Mailer’s Armies of the Night. According to Henry Littlefield, the journey to Emerald City in The Wizard of Oz was a metaphor for one of these events, which was led by an Ohio businessman. Jacob Coxey led one of these events in support of unemployment relief, and Ralph Abernathy organized one of these events for the(*) Poor People’s Campaign after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. For 10 points, name these events, one of which in 1963 featured King’s “I Have a Dream” speech.

Answer 19

Marches on Washington, D.C. [or Rallies in Washington, D.C.; or Protests in Washington, D.C.; or Marches on Washington, District of Columbia; prompt on marches or a march] <David>/<ed.></ed.></David>

Question 20

Question: William Safire wrote the “Fate has ordained…” speech for Richard Nixon in case this event ended in tragedy. Parkes Radio Telescope received video signal of this event, during which the Command Module was manned by Michael Collins. After the (*) Eagle landed in the Sea of Tranquility, the quote “One small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind” was spoken by Neil Armstrong. For 10 points, name this 1969 event that “won” the Space Race.

Answer 20

Apollo 11 mission (accept first lunar landing; prompt on “moon landing” or “lunar landing” alone; accept clear-knowledge equivalents and prompt on partial answers; prompt on Apollo (mission))

Question 21

Question: Early participants in this event traveled south to Coloma using the Siskiyou Trail. This event began at the South Fork of the American River at a water wheel built by James Marshall. Its participants used equipment like (*) long-toms, cradles, and pans and faced legal issues like claim jumping. A discovery at Sutter’s Mill in 1848 began, for 10 points, what mining boom that helped cities like San Francisco grow?

Answer 21

California Gold Rush (accept clear knowledge equivalents for “gold rush;” prompt on partial answer)

Question 22

Question: The first full transcript of this speech was published in The Washington Post in 1983, fifteen years after its speaker had died. Rabbi Joachim Prinz spoke prior to the oration of this speech, of which one section was improvised by request of the singer Mahalia Jackson. The beginning of this speech states that “Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed the (*) Emancipation Proclamation.” Delivered on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, this speech, the defining moment of the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, ended by saying, “free at last, Great God a-mighty, we are free at last.” For 10 points, name this famous Martin Luther King, Jr. speech.

Answer 22

“I Have A Dream” <Halza></Halza>

Question 23

Question: In 2008, Justice Antonin Scalia interpreted this amendment’s phrase “the People” as referring to individuals. That opinion in District of Columbia vs. Heller was expanded to the states in the 2010 case (*) McDonald vs. Chicago, giving individuals the protection of this amendment even if they are not part of a “well-regulated militia.” For 10 points, name this amendment in the Bill of Rights that guarantees the right to keep and bear arms.

Answer 23

Second Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (accept Amendment 2)

Question 24

Question: New York v. U.S. saw the first application of this in over 55 years to invalidate a legislative act. In Printz v. U.S., Scalia invalidated the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act using this as justification. A recent and notable application of this was in the Supreme Court case National Federation of Independent Business v. (*) Sebelius, in which the majority opinion used this to invalidate parts of the Affordable Care Act which supposedly coerced states into opting for Medicaid expansion. This constitutional amendment originally included the word “expressly,” but it was later omitted by Roger Sherman at the objection of James Madison. For 10 points, name this Constitutional amendment which enshrines American federalism, the last in the Bill of Rights.

Answer 24

10th Amendment <Stecko></Stecko>

Question 25

Question: This author attacked Edmund Burke’s claim that wisdom is passed down through generations of nobility in Rights of Man, and argued against miraculous revelations and the divinity of the Bible in another work. He noted that (*) “These are the times that try men’s souls,” in The American Crisis, and argued for independence from Britain in a 1776 pamphlet. For 10 points, name this author of The Age of Reason and Common Sense.

Answer 25

Thomas Paine

Question 26

Question: This man fought an indecisive duel with John Randolph and advocated for the War of 1812 as aWar Hawk. His economic policies, which focused on high tariffs and the advancement ofinfrastructure, was known as the (*) “American System”. As Speaker of the House, he used hisinfluence to get John Quincy Adams elected as President in the Corrupt Bargain. For 10 points, name this”Great Compromiser.”

Answer 26

Henry Clay

Question 27

Question: With Roger Sherman Baldwin, this man argued for the Africans in the Amistad Case. The House Speaker threw support behind this man in the Election of 1824; afterward, he appointed that Speaker, Henry Clay, to be Secretary of State in the (*) “corrupt bargain.” He was Secretary of State under James Monroe, and he lost his reelection campaign to Andrew Jackson. For 10 points, name this sixth president, the son of the U.S.’s second president.

Answer 27

John Quincy Adams (prompt Adams; do not prompt or accept John Adams)

Question 28

Question: Ernest Cherrington and Wayne Wheeler were leaders of one lobbying organization in favorof this concept. Eliot Ness’s “Untouchables” attempted to enforce this concept via theVolstead Act. This “Noble Experiment” was made constitutional by the (*) 18th Amendmentbut revoked by the 21st Amendment in 1933. Bootleggers supplied illegal speakeasies in oppositionto, for 10 points, what American ban on the sale of alcohol?

Answer 28

Prohibition (prompt on “temperance;” prompt on descriptions of “banning alcohol” before mentioned at the end)

Question 29

Question: The Lemon test helps determinine whether the government violates this amendment, and Gitlow vs. New York used the Fourteenth Amendment to determine that the states could not violate this amendment. In the 2010 case Citizens United vs. Federal Election Commission, the Supreme Court used this amendment to rule that Congress could not restrict corporate (*) campaigning for president. Including the Establishment Clause, name this amendment that guarantees freedom of religion, press, and speech.

Answer 29

1st amendment (accept Establishment Clause before “this amendment”)

Question 30

Question: The Direct Tax that this man signed led to a rebellion of German-Americans led by John Fries (“Freeze”). This man declared that “facts are stubborn things” while defending Captain Preston and the other British soldiers involved in the Boston Massacre. He seconded a motion by Richard Henry Lee at the Second(*) Continental Congress to force the vote on independence. This Federalist fought the Quasi-War with France and signed the Alien and Sedition Acts. He died within hours of Thomas Jefferson. For 10 points, name this second president of the United States.

Answer 30

John Adams

Question 31

Question: This man lost the only case he argued before the Supreme Court, Ware v. Hylton. In Barron v. Baltimore, he wrote that the Bill of Rights only applied to the federal government and not to the states. He upheld national supremacy in Cohens v. Virginia and argued that the Federal government could create a national bank in(*) McCulloch v. Maryland. After Worcester v. Georgia, Andrew Jackson perhaps apocryphally said, “[This man] has made his ruling, let him enforce it.” For 10 points, name this Chief Justice who articulated the idea of judicial review in Marbury v. Madison.

Answer 31

John Marshall

Question 32

Question: The Sea Venture sank in Bermuda en route to this colony. William Berkeley’s governorshipof this colony enraged Nathaniel Bacon, who took a military commission by force frommembers of this colony’s House of (*) Burgesses. It is home to The College of William and Maryand, after becoming a state, its state university was founded by Thomas Jefferson. For 10 points,name this American colony whose capitals were Williamsburg and Jamestown.

Answer 32

Virginia Colony (accept Commonwealth of Virginia)

Question 33

Question: This man pushed for the federal government to assume state debts after the Revolution in his “Report on Public Credit.” This man helped decide the 1800 election by declaring that one candidate was a “lesser evil,” and his excise tax on whiskey led to the Whiskey Rebellion. Along with (*) Madison and Jay, he authored the Federalist papers. Assassinated by Aaron Burr, name this man who, in recognition of his work as the first Secretary of the Treasury, is depicted on the ten-dollar bill.

Answer 33

Alexander Hamilton

Question 34

Question: This man’s most famous work investigates the “second collision”—that is, the body with the car after a car crash—in a work that uses the label “a one-car accident” for the Chevrolet Corvair. This author of Unsafe at Any Speed has been one common target of blame for Al (*) Gore’s Presidential defeat in 2000, as his third party candidacy may have cost Gore votes. Recently running as an independent, name this politician, once affiliated with the Green Party.

Answer 34

Ralph Nader

Question 35

Question: One observer of this event tweeted, “Immigrants they get the job done” with regards to a participant in this event, even though the participant was born in America. A participant in this event, Bruno Massot, received citizenship in his naturalized country only three months prior to this event. The “Garlic Girls” from the home nation of this event produced an unprecedented run in their respective (*) sport, before conceding to Sweden prior to the tenth end. Red-uniformed cheerleading squads led choreographed chants at multiple venues at this event. U.S. Vice President Mike Pence and North Korean figure Kim Yo-jong sat next to each other at the Opening Ceremony of, for 10 points, what February 2018 international sporting event.

Answer 35

XXIII [“twenty-third”] Olympic Winter Games [accept 2018 Winter Olympics or PyeongChang 2018 prior to “2018”] <Halza, Leberer>

Question 36

Question: This man gave a speech in order to allow Myles Cooper to escape from an angry mob. This man advocated for the use of a sinking fund and the assumption of state debts in his “Report on Public Credit.” This native of Nevis in the British(*) West Indies wrote 51 of the 85 essays in the Federalist Papers. This man died at Weehawken, New Jersey after being wounded in a duel against Aaron Burr. For 10 points, name this first Secretary of the Treasury who is on the ten dollar bill.

Answer 36

Alexander Hamilton <Cole>/<ed.></ed.></Cole>

Question 37

Question: The ship Sea Venture sank attempting to deliver supplies to this city as part of the “Third Supply mission.” A massacre occurred east of this city at Martin’s Hundred, despite Richard Pace’s advance warning. This city was burned down by an opponent of the Doeg (“dough-egg”) people during(*) Bacon’s Rebellion. Lord De La Warr arrived at this city at the end of a harsh winter known as the “starving time.” This Virginia city fought the Powhatans, and its tobacco cash crop was promoted by John Rolfe. For 10 points, name this first permanent English settlement in America.

Answer 37

Jamestown, Virginia <Cole>/<ed.></ed.></Cole>

Question 38

Question: The Patawomeck tribe helped Samuel Argall kidnap this woman; during her captivity, she was baptized and a possible husband, the chief Kocoum, was killed. After taking the name Rebecca, she was introduced to King James. She prevented her father, (*) Powhatan, from killing an English settler by throwing herself over his body. For 10 points, name this Native American, the wife of John Rolfe, who assisted John Smith’s Jamestown colony.

Answer 38

Pocahontas (accept: Matoaka; accept Rebecca Rolfe)

Question 39

Question: George Grenville proposed this tax, which could not be paid in colonial paper money. Ninecolonies sent delegates to a namesake Congress opposing this act. When it was repealed,Parliament simultaneously passed the (*) Declaratory Act to maintain taxation rights over thecolonies, even though the colonies were “without representation.” For 10 points, name this Britishcolonial tax on printed materials.

Answer 39

Stamp Act of 1765

Question 40

Question: George Grenville proposed this tax, which could not be paid in colonial paper money. Ninecolonies sent delegates to a namesake Congress opposing this act. When it was repealed,Parliament simultaneously passed the (*) Declaratory Act to maintain taxation rights over thecolonies, even though the colonies were “without representation.” For 10 points, name this Britishcolonial tax on printed materials.

Answer 40

Stamp Act of 1765

Question 41

Question: Via the 14th Amendment’s due process clause, the Supreme Court found in Mapp v. Ohio that this amendment’s exclusionary rule applies to state courts. Katz v. U.S. saw the Court extend this amendment to include an individual “reasonable expectation of (*) privacy,” and this amendment may be violated by the PATRIOT Act’s warrantless wiretapping. For 10 points, name this amendment to the US Constitution that protects against unreasonable search and seizure.

Answer 41

Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Question 42

Question: A colorfully-named part of this organization circumnavigated the world in order to spreadgoodwill in the early 20th century. Theodore Roosevelt was the assistant secretary of thisorganization during war, a position he resigned to fight on the front lines. During the SpanishAmericanWar a leader in this organization, (*) George Dewey won the battle of Manila Bay. For 10points, name this organization which defends the coast and oversea holdings of a certain North Americannation.

Answer 42

United States Navy(Accept obvious equivalents; Prompt on Navy)

Question 43

Question: This man passed a set of laws satirically represented by a turtle called “Ograbme” which were modified by the Nonintercourse act and which banned exports to foreign countries. This creator of the Embargo Act repealed the Alien and Sedition Acts of his predecessor, and this man donated his (*) library to the Library of Congress from his Monticello estate. Famous for ordering the Lewis and Clark Expedition, name this third president of the United States.

Answer 43

Thomas Jefferson

Question 44

Question: In this war, a group of immigrant deserters formed Saint Patrick’s Battalion and fought againstthe United States. This war resulted in a cession of land that was later adjusted by the GadsdenPurchase. Winfield Scott led an amphibious assault on (*) Veracruz during this war, which was endedby the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. For 10 points, name this 1846 to 1848 war against an army led bySanta Anna.

Answer 44

Mexican American War

Question 45

Question: In this war, a group of immigrant deserters formed Saint Patrick’s Battalion and fought againstthe United States. This war resulted in a cession of land that was later adjusted by the GadsdenPurchase. Winfield Scott led an amphibious assault on (*) Veracruz during this war, which was endedby the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. For 10 points, name this 1846 to 1848 war against an army led bySanta Anna.

Answer 45

Mexican American War

Question 46

Question: One speech by this man discusses the “money question” and the “tariff question.” After the sinking of the Lusitania, he resigned from his position as Wilson’s Secretary of State. This man said, “You shall not press down on the brow of labor this crown of thorns;” his support of (*) Free Silver and bimetallism culminated in that “Cross of Gold” speech. For 10 points, name this populist orator who ran for President as a Democrat three times.

Answer 46

William Jennings Bryan

Question 47

Question: In his dissent from Plessy v. Ferguson, Justice John Harlan claimed that Plessy would become as notorious as this case. Benjamin Curtis’ dissent from this case questioned the Supreme Court’s jurisdiction, and Roger Taney’s majority opinion noted that the defendant’s Fifth Amendment right to property could not be infringed by (*) entering a free state. Noted for declaring the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional, name this 1857 Supreme Court case that ruled that slaves did not possess constitutional rights.

Answer 47

Dred Scott v. Sanford (or Sandford)

Question 48

Question: Along with Egbert Benson, he was the representative of New York at the Annapolis Convention, and he wrote the First Report on Public Credit while serving in the position he is best known for. Ambition must be made to counteract ambition is a quote from the fifty-first of the eighty-five essays published under the pseudonym Publius that this man wrote along with Madison and Jay. Killed by the third vice president, he was the main author of the Federalist papers. This was for 10 points, what first secretary of the treasury who was shot in a duel by Aaron Burr.

Answer 48

Alexander Hamilton

Question 49

Question: This conflict’s leader wrote up a declaration in which he accused the governor of monopolizing the beaver trade. That leader also was a proponent of unlimited territorial expansion and an aggressive policy with respect to Indians. This conflict began when the Occaneechees were fired upon by colonists and, in its aftermath, Charles II recalled William Berkeley to England. Jamestown was set alight at its height, and its namesake at one point controlled most of Virginia. For 10 points, identify this 1676 colonial uprising.

Answer 49

Bacon’s Rebellion

Question 50

Question: This event, a violation of the Boland Amendment, resulted in three felony convictions for OliverNorth. It was investigated by the Tower Commission, which criticized the President for hisinattentiveness. Its goal was to suppress the (*) communist Sandinistas. For 10 points, name thisscandal of the Reagan administration in which arms sales to the Middle East funded a Nicaraguan rebelgroup.

Answer 50

Iran-Contra affair (accept equivalents for “affair,” like “incident” or “scandal;” prompt on partial answer)

Question 51

Question: The location where this event happened was named for the heartbeat of the owner’s brother. One person involved in this event held a door closed and unintentionally prevented others from escaping. The perpetrator of this event called(*) 911 and pledged allegiance to ISIS prior to the event. That perpetrator of this event was Omar Mateen. For 10 points, name this 2016 event which ended with 49 victims dead, the deadliest mass shooting in US history.

Answer 51

Orlando nightclub Shooting [or Pulse nightclub Shooting; or similar answers, such as “attack” or “massacre”] <Jonathan Amlong/ed. David Dennis>

Question 52

Question: As part of their way of measuring time, these people celebrated the beginning of spring by performing the Thanks to the Maple festival. These people fought the Huron and other Algonquian (“Al-gon-ki-an”) tribes in the Beaver Wars. After the Battle of Oriskany, a civil war among members of this group began after the(*) Oneida aided the Americans. This group allied with the British during the Revolutionary War while led by Joseph Brant. For 10 points, name this confederacy of Native American tribes that included the Onondaga, the Seneca, and the Mohawk.

Answer 52

Iroquois Confederacy [or Iroquois League; or the Five Nations; or the Six Nations; or the Six Iroquois Nations; anti-prompt by asking people to be less specific if they answer with Oneida, Mohawk, Onondaga, Cayuga, Seneca or Tuscarora before Oneida is read] <Owen>/<ed.></ed.></Owen>

Question 53

Question: In a speech, this man noted that “Christ taught that our lives are precious in the sight of God,” and that “poets have…woven it into immortal verse.” This deliverer of the “Prince of Peace” speech resigned as Woodrow Wilson’s Secretary of State following the sinking of the Lusitania. He was cross-examined by Clarence(*) Darrow during the Scopes Trial. In a speech championing bimetallism, this politician declared that “you will not crucify mankind” upon the title object. For 10 points, name this three-time Democratic presidential nominee and orator of the “Cross of Gold” speech.

Answer 53

William Jennings Bryan

Question 54

Question: This war was instigated by the “reconcentration” tactics of Valeriano “Butcher” Weyler. Only one American sailor died at a major victory for George Dewey in this war. The losing side ceded (*) Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines to the United States after this “splendid little war.” An explosion on the USS Maine in Havana sparked, for 10 points, what 1898 war in which Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders fought in Cuba against their parent country?

Answer 54

Spanish-American War

Question 55

Question: Missouri Governor Claiborne Jackson led a convention that sought to perform this action,which was ruled illegal in Texas v. White. The Wheeling Convention revoked one of theseactions, leading 50 counties to form the state of (*) West Virginia. Missouri and Kentucky did notcomplete this action, but South Carolina and 10 other Southern states did. For 10 points, name thisaction that preceded the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Answer 55

Secession (of a state or states) from the United States (accept word forms and equivalents, such as breaking away from the Union)

Question 56

Question: Missouri Governor Claiborne Jackson led a convention that sought to perform this action,which was ruled illegal in Texas v. White. The Wheeling Convention revoked one of theseactions, leading 50 counties to form the state of (*) West Virginia. Missouri and Kentucky did notcomplete this action, but South Carolina and 10 other Southern states did. For 10 points, name thisaction that preceded the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Answer 56

Secession (of a state or states) from the United States (accept word forms and equivalents, such as breaking away from the Union)

Question 57

Question: Early in this man’s administration, he fired the entire White House Travel Office. Heallegedly made an illegal loan to Susan McDougal, a partner in a land deal namedWhitewater, and in another case, (*) Linda Tripp provided evidence of perjury that led thisPresident to be impeached by the House. An inappropriate relationship with MonicaLewinsky blemished the legacy of, for 10 points, what U.S. President, the husband of HillaryRodham?

Answer 57

William Jefferson “Bill” Clinton

Question 58

Question: The Silent Sentinels picketed the White House in support of this cause, which resulted in them being abused in jail during the “Night of Terror.” A Diego Velazquez painting in London’s National Gallery was slashed by a supporter of this cause. In 1869, the(*) Wyoming Territory became the first U.S. state to enact the goals of this cause. The first grievance in the Declaration of Sentiments decries the lack of this right, which Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton campaigned for. For 10 points, name this right, which was given to women in the United States by the 19th Amendment.

Answer 58

Question: The Silent Sentinels picketed the White House in support of this cause, which resulted in them being abused in jail during the “Night of Terror.” A Diego Velazquez painting in London’s National Gallery was slashed by a supporter of this cause. In 1869, the(*) Wyoming Territory became the first U.S. state to enact the goals of this cause. The first grievance in the Declaration of Sentiments decries the lack of this right, which Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton campaigned for. For 10 points, name this right, which was given to women in the United States by the 19th Amendment.

Question 59

Question: One issue in this case was Dr. John Emerson’s purchase of Harriet Robinson in the Wisconsinterritory. This case was dismissed because the plaintiff did not have standing to sue; the opinion inthis case then ruled that Congress could not ban (*) slavery in territories and ruled the MissouriCompromise unconstitutional. For 10 points, name this controversial 1857 Supreme Court case that ruledpeople of African descent could not be U.S. citizens.

Answer 59

Dred Scott v. (John) Sanford (or Sandford)

Question 60

Question: After a speech by a member of this organization named Leonora Barry, Rockford, Illinois renamed the 4th of July as “Foremothers’ Day.” Some members of this organization were responsible for a massacre of Chinese miners at Rock Springs, Wyoming. This organization’s first Grand Master Workman was Uriah(*) Stephens, who was succeeded by Terence Powderley. The influence of this organization declined after it was blamed for the Haymarket Square Riot. For 10 points, name this late 1800’s labor union, which lost favor to the American Federation of Labor.

Answer 60

Knights of Labor [Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor; or KOL] <Cole>/<ed.></ed.></Cole>

Question 61

Question: This event took place on King Street and was ended by Thomas Hutchinson’s clearing of thecrowd. An inaccurate engraving depicts the perpetrators of this event standing in an organized line;that engraving by (*) Paul Revere also depicts the first victim of this event as a white man. CrispusAttucks was one of five people killed by British soldiers in, for 10 points, what March 5, 1770 incident inMassachusetts?

Answer 61

Boston Massacre

Question 62

Question: This event took place on King Street and was ended by Thomas Hutchinson’s clearing of thecrowd. An inaccurate engraving depicts the perpetrators of this event standing in an organized line;that engraving by (*) Paul Revere also depicts the first victim of this event as a white man. CrispusAttucks was one of five people killed by British soldiers in, for 10 points, what March 5, 1770 incident inMassachusetts?

Answer 62

Boston Massacre

Question 63

Question: The Greenback Party candidate in this election built the first steamboat locomotive in the United States and was named Peter Cooper. In the leadup to this election, the Hamburg Massacre was committed by violent supporters of Wade Hampton’s bid for governor of South Carolina. Federal troops were(*) withdrawn from three Southern states after an electoral commission awarded twenty disputed electoral votes to the Republican candidate in this election. A compromise struck in the aftermath of this election effectively ended Reconstruction. For 10 points, name this Presidential election where Samuel Tilden lost to Rutherford B. Hayes.

Answer 63

ANSWER: The Election of 1876 [United States presidential election of 1876; or clear-knowledge equivalents, such as the election where Hayes defeated Tilden until the word “Rutherford” is read; prompt on a partial answer, such as presidential election] <Owen>/<ed.></ed.></Owen>

Question 64

Question: During this man’s presidency, Benajmin Bristow uncovered a scandal that included this man’ssecretary, Orville Babcock, regarding failure to pay taxes on whiskey production and sales. Thisman, whose presidency was sullied by the (*) Whiskey Ring scandal, was also troubled by the CreditMobilier scandal and the Panic of 1873. For 10 points, name this President, who had a more successfulcareer as Commanding General of the U.S. Army during the Civil War.

Answer 64

Ulysses S. Grant

Question 65

Question: During this man’s presidency, Benajmin Bristow uncovered a scandal that included this man’ssecretary, Orville Babcock, regarding failure to pay taxes on whiskey production and sales. Thisman, whose presidency was sullied by the (*) Whiskey Ring scandal, was also troubled by the CreditMobilier scandal and the Panic of 1873. For 10 points, name this President, who had a more successfulcareer as Commanding General of the U.S. Army during the Civil War.

Answer 65

Ulysses S. Grant

Question 66

Question: In this battle, an attack by Ewell’s troops forced Union soldiers onto a hill, but Longstreet attacked late, allowing them to entrench. Several days before this battle, Hooker resigned the command of the Army of the Potomac. During this battle, Culp’s Hill was bombarded by the Union, Little (*) Round Top was defended by a Union bayonet charge, and Meade’s position on Cemetery Ridge could not be reached by Pickett’s Charge. Name this battle, upon whose battlefield Abraham Lincoln would later give a namesake address.

Answer 66

Battle of Gettysburg

Question 67

Question: In this war, Fort Duquesne was targeted by the Braddock expedition, which ended at theBattle of the Monongahela. Jeffrey Amherst defended Fort Ticonderoga in this war; as aresult, his troops could not attend a battle that saw opposing generals Montcalm and (*)Wolfe both die on the Plains of Abraham. The Battle of Quebec was a turning point in, for 10 points,what sub-war of the Seven Years’ War, named for the two opponents of British forces?

Answer 67

French and Indian War (prompt on Seven Years’ War before mentioned)