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SSP - Understanding the Self > Eastern and Western Self > Flashcards

Eastern and Western Self Flashcards

1
Q

Almost 2000 years before the first western text was
introduced, the ______________ was already so advanced
that it had accounts of the virtuous philosophies of China

A

eastern civilization

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2
Q

Almost 2000 years before the first western text was introduced, the eastern civilization was already so advanced
that it had accounts of the

A

virtuous philosophies of China, the
famous civil codes like the Babylonian Code of Hammurabi,
and the earliest religious texts of India like the Rigveda.

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3
Q

famous civil codes like the

A

e Babylonian Code of Hammurabi

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4
Q

the earliest religious texts of India like the

A

Rigveda

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5
Q

Noticeably the eastern thoughts are concerned about
the _______________ in the community

A

collective life

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6
Q

Noticeably the ______________ are concerned about
the collective life in the community

A

eastern thoughts

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7
Q

Noticeably the eastern thoughts are concerned about
the collective life in the community. This is very much in contrast with the _______________ concepts of the west

A

individualistic

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8
Q

Noticeably the eastern thoughts are concerned about
the collective life in the community. This is very much in contrast with the individualistic concepts of the ___________

A

west

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9
Q

The _____________________ is a western model of the soul.

A

concept of the psyche

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10
Q

The concept of the psyche is a ______________________

A

western model of the soul

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11
Q

are always preoccupied by the duality of the body and soul.

A

Western traditions

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12
Q

Western traditions are always preoccupied by the ______________ of the body and soul.

A

duality

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13
Q

_______________ started with the idea that the soul inhabited the world of
ideas, while the body descended to the world of the sensible

A

Plato

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14
Q

inhabited the world of ideas

A

the soul

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15
Q

descended to the world of the sensible

A

the body

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16
Q

is there up above the heavens

A

ideal self

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17
Q

imprisoned in a finite material body

A

bodily self or the soul

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18
Q

Even _______________ did not solve this problem of duality

A

Aristotle

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19
Q

meaning that the human person is composed of matter or the body and form or the soul

A

hylemorphic theory

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20
Q

He proposed a hylemorphic theory, meaning that the human person is composed of matter or the body and form
or the soul

A

Aristotle

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21
Q

__________ is changeable while the ___________ remains

A

Matter; form

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22
Q

asserted that the body is equally important as the soul, because the former will give the latter the knowledge it ought to have through senses

A

Aristotle

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23
Q

What is important in this concept is the development of the self from conception to death.

A

Western Self

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24
Q

lone purpose of the self, therefore is to __________________________

A

live according to the ideals of the soul

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25
Q

one purpose of the self, therefore is to live according to the ideals of the soul – the ultimate goodness, perfection, excellence

A

arête

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26
Q

– the ultimate goodness, perfection, excellence

A

arête

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27
Q

arête

A

– the ultimate goodness, perfection, excellence

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28
Q

All of life’s directions, inasmuch as the western individualistic self is concerned are geared towards

A

self-perfection

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29
Q

Wants to attain perfection in meditation and enlightenment

A

Eastern Self

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30
Q

do not have the notion of the separation of the body and
soul

A

Easterners

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31
Q

Easterners do not have the notion of the separation of the body and soul. It is always _____________

A

one self

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32
Q

The ____________, for example in Indian philosophy is considered to be the seat of consciousness

A

Atman

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33
Q

The Atman, for example in Indian philosophy is considered to be the

A

seat of consciousness

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34
Q

may have different levels of consciousness but there is always ones self.

A

Atman

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35
Q

Even death is considered to be just another level of consciousness but the _________________ continues to exist because it is not dependent on the body

A

Atman

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36
Q

Even death is considered to be just another level of consciousness but the Atman continues to exist because it is not dependent on the body.

This in fact is also the concept of the non-self in _____________

A

Buddhism

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37
Q

Even death is considered to be just another level of consciousness but the Atman continues to exist because it is not dependent on the body.

This in fact is also the concept of the non-self in Buddhism.

In this concept the self is considered as ___________________________________________________________________________________

A

nothing but an evolution and transformation of inner consciousness

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38
Q

emphasized the relational self and the social understanding of the self

A

Confucian philosophy

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39
Q

Eastern Self: Confucian philosophy from China emphasized the

A

relational self and the social understanding of the self.

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40
Q

In a way, the self is the ideal of a _______________ who is willing to forget about his self-interest in favor of the interest of the community

A

selfless person

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41
Q

In this conception, there is still the individual self and the self is ______________________________

A

mutually exclusive as the social self

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42
Q

However the _________________ is incorporated in the interest of the social self

A

individual self

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43
Q

However the individual self is incorporated in the interest of the _______________

A

social self

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44
Q

asserts that the individual self and the social self are not mutually exclusive but are metaphysically and profoundly related

A

Confucian thought/second interpretation of Confucian thought/Confusian philosophy

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45
Q

he second interpretation of Confucian thought asserts that the individual self and the social self are not mutually exclusive but are

A

metaphysically and profoundly related

46
Q

It means that the self is constructively connected with the pursuit of the

A

social self

47
Q

very much associated with communal self

A

Middle Eastern traditions

48
Q

which put emphasis on the unity of a nation – the chosen people of God

A

Judaeo-Christian philosophies

49
Q

of Islamic traditions highlights the oneness of Allah and the
inclusivity of Islam as a religion

A

Prophet Mohammad

50
Q

would always find themselves reminding the people, as
community of believers , to be faithful to the loving compassion of God

A

biblical prophets

51
Q

Both traditions stress the importance of the _____________________________

A

community over the self

52
Q

“I” identity

A

Individualism

53
Q

Promotes individual goals, initiative and achievement.

A

Individualism

54
Q

Individual rights are seen as being the most important. Rules attempt to ensure self-importance and individualism

A

Individualism

55
Q

Independence is valued; there is much less of a drive to help other citizens or communities than in collectivism.

A

Individualism

56
Q

Relying or being dependent on others is frequently seen as shameful

A

Individualism

57
Q

People are encouraged to do things on their own; to rely on themselves

A

Individualism

58
Q

People strive for their own successes

A

Individualism

59
Q

Each person is encouraged to be an active player in society, to do what is best for society as a whole rather than
themselves.

A

Collectivism

60
Q

The rights of families, communities, and the collective supersede those of the individual. - Rules promote unity,
brotherhood, and selflessness.

A

Collectivism

61
Q

Working with others and cooperating is the norm; everyone supports each other

A

Collectivism

62
Q

as a community, family or nation more than as an individual

A

Collectivism

63
Q

is a shared assumption or perception of the people in society

A

Social Construction

64
Q

The western social construct of the self

A
  • The individualistic self - autonomous
  • The self as self-sufficient
  • the self being rational
65
Q

At a very young age, the child is already taught to pursue
what is best for self.

A

Individualistic Self

66
Q

In adult life, the measure of a successful life is when the
self is able to fulfill the life-goals set for and by the self

A

Individualistic Self

67
Q

The individualistic self is a always conceived as the

A

autonomous bounded entity

68
Q

is a always conceived as the autonomous bounded entity

A

individualistic self

69
Q

For one to be autonomous, one must be able to show ________________________

A

independence

70
Q

For one to be ________________, one must be able to show
independence

A

autonomous

71
Q

This construct presumes that a successful self must be
able to supply one’s needs without external assistance.

A

Self- sufficiency

72
Q

also implies confidence in one’s capacity to provide what the self needs from one’s own resources and authority.

A

Being self-sufficient/Self- sufficiency

73
Q

Therefore it is important for the self to establish one’s
power and accumulate the needed knowledge and resources so that one will be able to provide one’s
needs

A

Self- sufficiency

74
Q

in the western practice, there in no time for the self to be
weak and emotional

A

Self being rational

75
Q

in the western practice, there in no time for the self to be ____________________

A

weak and emotional

76
Q

The self must not waste resources on meditation and
other metaphysical cognitions but to be constantly

A

rational and reasonable

77
Q

The self must not waste resources on meditation and
other metaphysical cognitions but to be constantly
rational and reasonable.

A

Self being rational

78
Q

The self masters the causal relationships of things.

A

Self being rational

79
Q

Everything must be explained by

A

logic and reason

80
Q

Everything must be explained by logic and reason

A

Self being rational

81
Q

therefore, is grounded on one’s investment on reason and logical thinking.

A

successful self

82
Q

The successful self therefore, is grounded on one’s
investment on

A

reason and logical thinking

83
Q

embraces the scientific conception of things that affect one’s growth, psycho-physical development, intellectual capacity, interaction with others and involvement in societal institutions and infrastructures

A

successful self

84
Q

The successful self embraces the _________________________ that affect one’s growth, psycho-physical development, intellectual capacity, interaction with others and involvement in societal institutions and infrastructures.

A

scientific conception of things

85
Q

is primarily viewed as collectivistic and is always grounded on nature

A

eastern social construct

86
Q

The eastern social construct is primarily viewed
as ______________________ and is always grounded on nature.

A

collectivistic

87
Q

The eastern social construct is primarily viewed as collectivistic and is always grounded on

A

nature

88
Q

There were many eastern traditions that flourished in the history of thought that were firmly based on how

A

the self relates to others, to the Divine Being and to nature

89
Q

emphasizes the primacy of the society over the individual person

A

Confucian system

90
Q

believed that the threat to social order is only caused by the unchecked selfish desires of individuals

A

Confucius

91
Q

In fact Confucius believed that the threat to social order is only caused by the unchecked ______________________ of individuals

A

selfish desires

92
Q

is a person within the society who exhibits refinement and compassion

A

The Self in the Confucian system

93
Q

CONFUCIUS

A

KUNG FU ZI

94
Q

Central in the educational formation of junzi are humanistic learning, refined personal manners and the capacity to govern the community wisely and with compassion.

The self therefore is the

A

transmitter of the ancient virtues to the new world.

95
Q

Central in the educational formation of _________ are humanistic learning, refined personal manners and the capacity to govern the community wisely and with compassion

A

junzi

96
Q

In Chinese philosophy, _________________ are of great
importance.

A

religious rituals

97
Q

In __________________, religious rituals are of great
importance.

A

Chinese philosophy

98
Q

originally means sacrifice

A

li

99
Q

li means

A

sacrifice

100
Q

understood as refined manner of spiritual rituals and sacrifices, and protocols in honoring the ancestors

A

principle of li

101
Q

Central in the educational formation of junzi are:

A
  • humanistic learning
  • refined personal manners
  • the capacity to govern the community wisely and with compassion
102
Q

is both the restraining and the refinement of the self

A

li

103
Q

Li is both the

A

restraining and the refinement of the self

104
Q

is the character of the self that sincerely shows compassion for others

A

Ren

105
Q

Ren is the character of the self that sincerely shows

A

compassion for others

106
Q

The self must embody __________________ by prioritizing the self-interest of others

A

human-heartedness

107
Q

jenzi

A

sage king

108
Q

is characterized by his practice of ren in putting others first before the self.

A

sage king – jenzi

109
Q

Central in the educational formation of junzi are humanistic learning, refined personal manners and the capacity to govern the community wisely and with compassion.

A

CONFUCIUS

110
Q

The self therefore is the transmitter of the ancient virtues to the new world

A

CONFUCIUS

111
Q

I n Chinese philosophy, religious rituals are of great
importance.

The word li originally means sacrifice.

the principle of li is better understood as refined manner of spiritual rituals and sacrifices, and protocols in honoring the ancestors.

Li is both the restraining and the refinement of the self.

A

CONFUCIUS

112
Q

The self must embody human-heartedness by prioritizing the self-interest of others

A

CONFUCIUS

SSP - Understanding the Self (4 decks)

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