East Asian Region - Large Topics + Definitions

Question 1

What is the first phase of the DTM?

Answer 1

High Fluctuating
The death and birth rates are about the same
Result: fairly low and unchanging total population

Question 2

What is the second phase of the DTM?

Answer 2

Early Expanding
Death rate drops while the birth rate stays the same
Result: RNI is very high and total population grows at high rate

Question 3

What is the third phase of the DTM?

Answer 3

Late Expanding
Death rate remains low but birth rate begins to decrease
Result: RNI is somewhat high but the population grows at a slower rate

Question 4

What is the fourth phase of the DTM?

Answer 4

Low Fluctuating
Birth rate decreases to about the same as death rate
Result: the population growth slows and resembles a plateau

Question 5

What is the fifth phase of the DTM?

Answer 5

Decline
Birth Rate falls below the death rate
Result: the population begins to decrease

Question 6

What does the base of a population pyramid represent?

Answer 6

The base shows the birth rate
Larger base = higher birth rate
Smaller base = lower birth rate

Question 7

What part of the population pyramid reveals the total fertility rate?

Answer 7

The amount of women within their child bearing years compared to the amount of children
Similar amount of women to children ratio = low TFR
more children than women = high TFR

Question 8

What does the apex of the population pyramid represent?

Answer 8

Life expectancy

Question 9

What is a dependency ratio?

Answer 9

A dependency ratio is calculated by the ratio to people of working age (the working age cohort) and the elderly and youth cohort (the dependents)

A good dependency ratio would be more working age people than dependents

Question 10

How do you calculate the rate of natural increase (RNI)

Answer 10

Birth Rate - Death Rate

Question 11

What is the difference between RNI and Growth Rate?

Answer 11

The RNI is simply the birth rate minus the death rate but the Growth Rate also accounts for the migration in and out of a country

Question 12

What is the doubling time formula?

Answer 12

70 divided by the RNI

Question 13

What is Replacement Fertility?

Answer 13

The fertility rate required to maintain populations

Question 14

What is Physiological/Nutritional Density?

Answer 14

The number of people per unit of land able to be cultivated (arable land)

Question 15

What is Population Density?

Answer 15

The number of people per unit of land

Question 16

What is the CBR and CDR?

Answer 16

Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate
it is the amount of births/deaths per 1000 people

Question 17

What is the IMR?

Answer 17

Infant Mortality Rate
the amount of infant deaths per 1000 live births

Question 18

What factors decrease death rate?

Answer 18

Access to sanitation
Access to food
~Post WWII humanitarian aid~
Access to medicine
Access to technology

Question 19

Why does it take longer for birth rate to decrease than death rate?

Answer 19

Birth rate depends on when and how many children a woman has

In a less developed country, a woman’s occupation is likely to stay at home and tend to the children. She is likely to be married and have children earlier

In a more developed country, women have more access to higher education and may choose to be more focused on her job before being married and having children

However, for this to happen, sectoral transformation must take place and that takes time.

Question 20

What is the Demographic Transition?

Question 21

What is Sectoral Transformation?

Question 22

What are the three/four economic sectors?

Answer 22

Primary - agriculture, fishing, logging, etc
Secondary - industry
Tertiary - service
Quaternary - information

Question 23

When transitioning from a primary economy to a secondary, why does rural to urban migration happen?