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Zoology > Earthworm > Flashcards

Earthworm Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scientific name of the common earthworm?

A

Pheretima posthuma

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2
Q

Which system is responsible for the digestion of food in earthworms?

A

Digestive system

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3
Q

True or False: Earthworms have a complete digestive system.

A

True

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: The earthworm’s digestive tract starts from the __________.

A

mouth

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5
Q

What structure in the earthworm stores food temporarily?

A

Crop

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6
Q

What is the function of the gizzard in an earthworm?

A

To grind food

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7
Q

Which part of the digestive system absorbs nutrients in earthworms?

A

Intestine

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8
Q

True or False: Earthworms have teeth.

A

False

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9
Q

What is the primary function of the nervous system in earthworms?

A

To coordinate body functions and responses

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10
Q

Which structure acts as the brain in earthworms?

A

Cerebral ganglia( supra pharyngeal)

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11
Q

Fill in the blank: Earthworms possess a __________ nervous system.

A

ventral

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12
Q

What is the role of the ventral nerve cord in earthworms?

A

To transmit nerve impulses along the body

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13
Q

True or False: Earthworms have sensory organs for light detection.

A

True

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14
Q

What type of reproduction do earthworms primarily use?

A

Sexual reproduction

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: Earthworms are __________, meaning they have both male and female reproductive organs.

A

hermaphrodites

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16
Q

What is the name of the reproductive structure that produces a cocoon in earthworms?

A

Clitellum

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17
Q

What is the primary excretory organ in earthworms?

A

Nephridia

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18
Q

True or False: Earthworms excrete waste through their skin.

A

True

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19
Q

What is the function of nephridia in earthworms?

A

To filter and excrete waste

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20
Q

Fill in the blank: The earthworm’s skin is important for __________.

A

gas exchange

21
Q

What is the main component of the earthworm’s body morphology?

A

Segmented body

22
Q

How many segments does a typical earthworm have?

A

Over 100 segments

23
Q

What is the purpose of the setae in earthworms?

A

To aid in locomotion

24
Q

Fill in the blank: The earthworm’s body is divided into __________ regions.

A

anterior, posterior, and clitellar

25
Q

True or False: Earthworms have a rigid skeleton.

A

False

26
Q

What type of circulatory system do earthworms possess?

A

Closed circulatory system

27
Q

What role do blood vessels play in the earthworm’s circulatory system?

A

They transport nutrients and oxygen

28
Q

Fill in the blank: Earthworm blood contains __________ for transporting oxygen.

A

hemoglobin

29
Q

What is the primary function of the earthworm’s dorsal blood vessel?

A

To pump blood forward

30
Q

How do earthworms contribute to soil health?

A

By aerating and enriching the soil

31
Q

True or False: Earthworms can regenerate lost segments.

A

True

32
Q

What is the significance of the earthworm’s moist skin?

A

It facilitates gas exchange

33
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the outermost layer of an earthworm’s body.

A

cuticle

34
Q

What type of muscle layers do earthworms have?

A

Circular and longitudinal muscles

35
Q

True or False: Earthworms have a well-developed respiratory system.

A

False

36
Q

What is the role of the earthworm’s pharynx?

A

To help ingest food

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ helps to propel food through the digestive tract.

A

muscular contractions

38
Q

What is the primary function of the earthworm’s anus?

A

To expel waste

39
Q

True or False: Earthworms can survive in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

A

False

40
Q

What is the term for the earthworm’s ability to sense its environment?

A

Sensory perception

41
Q

Fill in the blank: Earthworms have __________ that detect vibrations and chemicals.

A

sensory cells

42
Q

What is the role of the earthworm’s seminal receptacles?

A

To store sperm received from another earthworm

43
Q

True or False: Earthworms can reproduce asexually.

A

False

44
Q

What is the significance of the earthworm’s coelom?

A

It acts as a hydrostatic skeleton and a space for organ development

45
Q

Fill in the blank: Earthworms undergo __________ during reproduction.

A

cross-fertilization

46
Q

What is the process by which earthworms move through the soil?

A

Peristalsis

47
Q

True or False: The earthworm’s body is covered by a tough exoskeleton.

A

False

48
Q

What is the function of the earthworm’s chloragogen tissue?

A

To store glycogen and produce urea

49
Q

Fill in the blank: The __________ is the segment of the earthworm where the clitellum is located.

A

reproductive segment

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