earths system Flashcards
Physical properties
any property that can be observed using five senses or can be measured changing the matter
weight/mass
weight - how heavy an object is (mass is how much “stuff” (matter) something is made of)
solid
a state of matter that maintains its own shape instead conforming to the shape of its container
liquid
something that can flow and takes the shape of its container, like water or juice, but it has a fixed amount of space (volume), similar to how a solid stays the same size
conduct
it allows something like heat or electricity to flow or pass trough easily
heat
energy that moves from something hot to something cold , a form of energy
minerals
A substance found in nature, minerals make up rocks
hardness
how easily or difficult it is to scratch a minerals surface
streak
the color of its powder when you rub it on hard, rough surface like tile
tiles
the colored powder left behind when a mineral is scrapped across a hard surface like ceramic tile, which help identify the mineral by its “streak” color
color
its what light reflects back to our eyes. minerals are color because they absorb some colors of light and reflect the rest
luster
how shiny a rock or mineral looks when light shines on it, like a mirror, or glassy, or even dull. (luster is a physical property used by mineralogists to help identify a mineral)
cleavage
how some minerals break along smooth, flat lines, instead of randomly, like when you crack an egg
scratch test
where you try to scratch a rock with different objects (like a fingernail or penny) to see if it’s hard or soft
rocks
a naturally formed combination of minerals and other natural materials
minerals
a solid, naturally formed substance that always has the same composition and same properties
sediment
the “dirt and stuff” that settles to the bottom of liquids, or is carried and then deposited by water, wind or ice
sedimentary
rock from compacted sediment
igneous
rock formed from magma to lava
metamorphic
rock formed from existing rock; heat and pressure cause the minerals to form new combinations and new crystals
