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Geology- Global tectonics > earths structure > Flashcards

earths structure Flashcards

1
Q

depth of crust

A

avg 35 km

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2
Q

depth of upper mantle

A

700km

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3
Q

depth of lower mantle

A

2900km

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4
Q

depth of outer core

A

5100km

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5
Q

depth of inner core

A

6371km

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6
Q

components of crust

A

oceanic crust and continental crust

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7
Q

oceanic crust depth

A

avg 7 km

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8
Q

oceanic crust comp

A

basalt, dolorite, gabbro

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9
Q

contentental crust depth

A

avg 35 km

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10
Q

continental crust compostion

A

granodiorite

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11
Q

mantle composition

A

fe-mg silicates (olivine, pyroxene, garnet) - peridotite (more compact crystal structures)

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12
Q

outer core composition

A

Fe with 10% NI S Si

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13
Q

inner core composition

A

Fe with 10 Ni

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14
Q

discontinuity between lower mantle and outer core

A

guttenberg (2900km)

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15
Q

discontinuity between outer and inner core

A

lehmann (5100km)

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16
Q

disconituity just above upper mantle within the crust, marking boundary between lithosphere (above) and astheosphere (below)

A

moho

17
Q

crust state

A

solid

18
Q

upper mantle state

A

solid (less dense than lower mantle)

19
Q

lower mantle state

A

solid

20
Q

outer core state

A

liquid

21
Q

inner core state

A

solid

22
Q

what is the LITHOSPHERE?

A

near surface, solid cannot flow, carried by astheposphere. Brittle, and has broken into plates. The outermost skin is the oceaninc/continental crust, divided from the mantle lithosphere by the moho.
CRUST + PART OF UPPER MANTLE

23
Q

what is the ASTHENOSPHERE

A

in upper mantle composed of perdiotite, is a rhied so can flow. high temp >1300°C (enough for 5% of crystals in periditotie to part melt, creating a film of melted minerals to surround each crystal allowing mantle material to flow more easily). Upper part of upper mantle show plastic properties although still solid. Has lost velocity and causes P and S waves to slow down.
1-5% partial melting

24
Q

what is a RHIED

A

a solid material that flows

Geology- Global tectonics (15 decks)

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