Earths Interior Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two main types of evidence geologists used to learn about earths interior

A

Direct evidence from rock samples

Indirect evidence from seismic waves

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2
Q

Oceanic crust

A

Basalt

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3
Q

Continental crust

A

Forms the continents

Granite

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4
Q

What is the mantle

A

Solid, hot rock 40 kilometers beneath the earths surface

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5
Q

What are the 3 layers of the mantle

A

Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Lower mantle

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6
Q

What is the crust

A

Layer of solid rock that forms the earths outer “skin”

Includes dry land and ocean floor

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7
Q

What are the two types of the crust

A

Oceanic crust

Continental crust

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8
Q

What is the core

A

Iron and nickel

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9
Q

What are the two layers of the core

A

Outer core

Inner core

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10
Q

Inner core

A

Dense ball of solid metal

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11
Q

Outer core

A

Layer of molten metal that surrounds inner core

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12
Q

Lithosphere

A

Uppermost part of mantle about 100 kilometers deep

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13
Q

Asthenosphere

A

Softer part of the mantle below the lithosphere which is hotter and under increased pressure

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14
Q

Lower mantle

A

Solid material extending to the earths core

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15
Q

Direct evidence from rock samples

A

Rocks drilled from deep earth allow geologists to make inferences about the conditions

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16
Q

Indirect evidence from seismic waves

A

Produced by earthquakes allow scientists to measure the speed in which they travel giving clues to the structure of the planet