Earthquakes Flashcards
Types of tectonic hazards
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Why do people live in an area of tectonic risk
1: Ignorance of the risks
2: Advantages of the area
3: Lack of alternatives
4: Inertia
Eastern Sichuan, China earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated deaths
Cost of Damage (US dollars)
7.9
87587
150 billion
Central Alaska USA earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated deaths
Cost of damage
7.9
0
0
Samoa Islands earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated Deaths
Cost of Damage
8.1
192
3 million
Kuril Islands
Magnitude
Estimated deaths
Cost of Damage
8.3
0
0
Hokkaido Japan earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated Deaths
Cost of Damage
8.3
1
1 million
Southern Sumatra Indonesia
Magnitude
Estimated Deaths
Cost of Damage
8.5
25
180 million
Northern Sumatra, Indonesia earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated number of Deaths
Damage
8.6
1313
2.2 billion
Maule Chile earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated number of Deaths
Total cost of damaged
8.8
507
15 billion
Honshu Japan earthquake
Magnitude
Estimated number of Deaths
Total cost of Damage
9.0
20896
300 billion
Cycle of disaster response
1: Hazard
2: Emergency Response
3: Recovery
4: Reconstruction
5: Prevention
6: Monitoring
7: Preparation
What does seismic retrofitting do?
Provides existing structures with more resistance to earthquakes. Strengthening weak connection points between the foundations and the rest of the building, or between the walls and roof.
Some retrofit methods
Addition of cross braces
Addition of base insulators
Addition of dampers
Increasing load capacity
How many hospitals are at risk in the Bay Area
76
How many fire police and local government facilities are at risk in the Bay Area
2970
How many elementary schools are at risk in the Bay Area
987
How many intermediate or middle schools are at risk in the Bay Area.
164
How many high schools are at risk in the Bay Area
233
How many collages or universities are at risk in the Bay Area
62
How many bridges and interchanges are at risk in the Bay Area
2721
What length of Bay Area Rapid Transit tracks are at risk in the Bay Area
150km
What length of roads are at risk in the Bay Area
30350
