Earthquakes

Question 1

convection currents

Answer 1

In Earth’s core/mantle, radioactive decay produces heat. The heat is transmitted to the 2nd layer of the mantle. The layer gets hotter, and it rises upwards towards the crust as it has become less dense. The magma gets cool as it’s far from the core. It becomes denser and sinks. These circular movements of hot and cold rocks are called cc. They cause tectonic plates to move apart or towards each other due to friction.

Question 2

core

Answer 2

in the centre, split into 2 layers:
•inner metallic core (s)
•outer core (l)
Core is the hottest (4400-6000°C)
metals found: iron and nickel.

Question 3

mantle

Answer 3

surrounds core and split into 3 layers.
The closest to core is rigid, not liquid
Middle is liquid, aka “semi-molton”
The far mantle is more solid
different mantle, different temperatures (1000-3700°C)

Question 4

crust

Answer 4

5-100km thick
Broke into large pieces called tectonic plates. 2 types of crusts:
•continental crust - thicker + less dense
•oceanic crust - thin + dense

Question 5

plate margins

Answer 5

describe the location where 2 tectonic plates meet. 3 main types of plate margins: destructive (convergent) , constructive ( divergent), and conservative margins.

Question 6

convergent

Answer 6

oceanic plate slides beneath continental plate. The rocks catch against one another as the plates aren’t smooth. Pressure builds until the plates can’t take e
the energy. Slip past each other, which causes both plates to move, which causes an earthquake.

Question 7

conservative

Answer 7

plates move past each other in the opposite or in the direction at different speeds. Plates are made of rough, sharp pointed edges so they snag against one another. Friction and pressure build up between the plates until they can’t take it anymore, it causes an earthquake.

Question 8

divergent

Answer 8

plates move apart, the convection currents diverge and cause a gap between the plates. Magma rises and fills the gap.