Earthquake And Volcano Flashcards
Focus
Location along the fault where an earthquake begins
Fault
The place where two bodies of rock slide against each other
Epicenter
Location on the surface of the earth directly above the focus
Elastic rebound
When deformed rock snaps back to its original formation after an earthquake
Magnitude
The measurement of ground movement by an earthquake
Intensity
What is felt and the damage that was caused by earthquake at different locations
Body wave
Seismic waves that travel only on the interior of the earth
Surface wave
Seismic waves that travel through the surface of the earth
Earthquakes can only occur along
Faults
Primary waves
Fastest, push pull
Secondary waves
Second fastest, side to side
Surface waves
Slowest
What are the two types of surface waves
Love and reyleigh
What are the two types of body waves
Primary and secondary waves
What are the three types of volcanoes
Composite, shield, cinder cone
Composite
Formed from explosive and nonexplosive eruptions
Shield
Formed from non explosive eruptions
Cinder cone
Formed from mild explosive eruptions
How does water in silica rich magma affect the volcanic eruption
As you increase water or Silica rich magma you increase the likelihood of an explosive eruption
Four types of pyroclastic material
Ash, lapilli, bombs, blocks
What are the four types of lava
Aa, pahoehoe, pillow, blocky
Viscosity
How a liquid or lava flows
Active
Currently erupting
Dormant
Not erupted in years
Extinct
Not erupted
What are the three types of volcanic landforms
Volcanic plateau, crater, Caldera
What’s the difference between magma and lava
Magma is molten rock inside the earth and lava is molten rock on the surface of the earth
What is the difference between an explosive and nonexplosive eruption
Explosive- when pyroclastic material is shot into the air
Non explosive- when lava oozes out of a volcano
