Earth Systems

Question 1

Abiotic

Answer 1

Non living factor in an environment

Question 2

Atmosphere

Answer 2

the envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet

Question 3

Bio

Answer 3

life

Question 4

Biosphere

Answer 4

all living thing found on earth

Question 5

biotic

Answer 5

every living factor in the environment

Question 6

crust

Answer 6

the outermost layer of the earth.

Question 7

cryosphere

Answer 7

the frozen water on earth

Question 8

greenhouse gas

Answer 8

any gas that has the property of absorbing infrared radiation

Question 9

groundwater

Answer 9

water contained under the earths surface

Question 10

lithosphere

Answer 10

the solid outer part of the earth, the crust and upper mantle layer

Question 11

mesosphere

Answer 11

The mesosphere is a layer of Earth’s atmosphere. It is situated above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere, extending from about 50 to 85 km (31 to 53 miles) above the planet

Question 12

salinity

Answer 12

A measure of dissolved salts in water, including sodium chloride (table salt) and other elements

Question 13

stratosphere

Answer 13

the layer of the earth’s atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth’s surface (the lower boundary of the mesosphere).

Question 14

turbidity

Answer 14

the quality of being cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter

Question 14

tectonic plate

Answer 14

massive slabs of rock that make up earths lithosphere that slowly move to create things like mountains, volcanoes and earthquakes.

Question 15

turbidity

Answer 15

Turbidity is a reduction in water clarity because of the presence of suspended matter absorbing or scattering downwelling light

Question 16

thermosphere

Answer 16

the region of the atmosphere above the mesosphere and below the height at which the atmosphere ceases to have the properties of a continuous medium

Question 17

Troposphere

Answer 17

the lowest region of the atmosphere, extending from the earth’s surface to a height of about 6–10 km (the lower boundary of the stratosphere).

Question 18

upper mantle

Answer 18

The upper mantle is a part of the Earth’s mantle, which is a layer of rock inside the planet. The upper mantle begins below the Earth’s crust and ends at the top of the lower mantle

Question 19

water vapor

Answer 19

is the gaseous phase of water. It is one state of water within the hydrosphere.

Question 20

Food chain

Answer 20

A food chain explains which organism eats another organism in the environment. The food chain is a linear sequence of organisms where nutrients and energy is transferred from one organism to the other.

Question 21

Food web

Answer 21

A food web consists of all the food chains in a single ecosystem. Each living thing in an ecosystem is part of multiple food chains

Question 22

Herbivore

Answer 22

An organism that only eats plants

Question 23

Carnivore

Answer 23

An organism that only eats meat

Question 24

Omnivore

Answer 24

An organism that eats both meat and plants

Question 25

Producer

Answer 25

An organism that creates its own food from things like photosynthesis

Question 26

Consumer

Answer 26

An organism that eats other organisms

Question 27

Trophic level

Answer 27

A trophic level is the group of organisms within an ecosystem which occupy the same level in a food chain

Question 28

Decomposer

Answer 28

breaks down dead or decaying matter

Question 29

Primary Consumer

Answer 29

eats the producer

Question 30

Secondary consumer

Answer 30

eats the primary consumer

Question 31

Tertiary consumer

Answer 31

eats the secondary consumer

Question 32

Quaternary consumer

Answer 32

eats the tertiary consumer also the apex predator

Question 33

germination

Answer 33

- The initial stage of the plant life cycle - If the seed has oxygen sunlight enough water and the right temperature it starts to grow - When the seed takes in water it will expand and will split the seed coat and will begin to sprout

Question 34

seedling formation

Answer 34

- A tiny and fragile plant is known as a seedling - It starts growing towards sunlight when it gets the proper nutrients from the sun as well as from the roots

Question 35

growth and devolopment

Answer 35

- Plants carry out a process called photosynthesis using sunlight carbon dioxide and water to synthesize their own food in the form glucose - This energy is stored for later process during flowering and reproduction

Question 36

differentiation

Answer 36

- Plants become a mature plant and start flowering - Flowers will attract bees and pollinate insects and helps in pollination and fertilisation

Question 37

pollination

Answer 37

- Pollination occurs when pollen travels from one plant to the flower of a different plant

Question 38

fertilization

Answer 38

Fertilisation is when the pollen meets the egg inside the flower. This creates seeds.

Question 39

formation of fruits and seeds

Answer 39

- After fertilisation, the ovary of the flower starts to grow and change into a fruit. - Inside the fruit, seeds starts to develop - When the fruit is ripe, its like a signal for the seeds to be dispersed