Earth space and science | Midterm Review Flashcards
Study and pass the exam
The area of Earth science that examines the physical and biological changes that have occurred in Earth’s past is called
A. meteorology C. Physical Geology
B. Oceanography D. Historical geology
D. Historical geology
The outer planets — Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune — are made up of ___.
a. Hydrogen, Helium, and water
b. Iron, nickel, and carbon dioxide
c. carbon, oxygen, and methane
d.Water, carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane
d. Water carbon dioxide, ammonia, and methane
What are the three main parts of the geosphere?
a. Atmosphere, crust, core
b. crust, mantle, and core
c. lithosphere, mantle, core
D. asthenosphere, lithosphere, and atmosphere
b. Crust, mantle, and core
The theory of planet tectonic helps scientists explain ____.
a. How ocean currents move over Earth’s surface
b. why hurricanes occur
c. how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur
d. why Earth’s core is less dense than the mantle
c. how earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur
According to the plate tectonic model, what layers form Earth’s rigid mobile plates?
a. Inner and outer core
b. upper and lower mantle
c. crust only
d.crust and uppermost mantle
d. crust and uppermost mantle
Mercator projection map shows ______.
A. accurate directions, but has distorted sizes and distances
b. accurate distances, size, and shapes, but has distortions around the edges
c. accurate size, but has distorted distance
d. accurate size and distances only at the center of the map
a. accurate directions, but has diatoreted sizes and distances
On a topographic map, contour lines that form a circle indicate a(n)
a. lake
b. Ocean
c. hill
d. depression
c. hill
Earth is considered a system because all of its parts ___.
a represent closed system
b. interact
c. were formed at the smae time
d. are powered byt he smae energy source
b. interact
what are the two sources of energy for the earth’s system?
a. lighting and the sun
b. the sun and Earth’s interior
c. the sun and wind
d. Earth’s interior and the winds
b. the sun and Earth’s interior
The sun’s energy drives which of the following processes?
a. volcanic eruptions
b. earthquakes
c. weather and ocean circulation
d. mountain building
c. weather and ocean circulation
Which of the following is powered by energy from Earth’s interior?
a. erosion
b. a volcano
c. weather
d. ocean circulation
b. a volcano
Which of the following is an environmental hazard created by humans?
a. air pollution
b. water pollution
c. mountain building
d. deforestation
a. air pollution
Which of the following is NOT caused by human interaction with the earth system?
a. air pollution
b. water pollution
c. mountain building
d. deforestation
c. mountain building
How could the building of a dam affect the Earth’s system?
a. A dam could cause the flooding of a nearby forest
b. A dam could destroy a fish species that needs swiftly moving water
c. A dam could block the migration of spawning fish
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
A scientific hypothesis can become a theory if __.
a. the entire scientific community accepts it
b. hypothesis is tested extensively and competing hypotheses are eliminated
c. there are no other competing hypotheses
d. the hypothesis can be tested at least once
b. the hypothesis is testes extensively and competing hypotheses are eliminated
A preliminary, untested explanation that tries to explain how or why things happen in the manner observed is a scientific
a. law
b. theory
c. fact
hypothesis
d. hypothesis
When water freezes, its volume__.
a. decreases slightly
b. increases
c. stays the same
d. decreases greatly
b. increases
Which of the following is the result of chemical weathering
a. a rock that has been changed into one or more new compounds
b. a rock that has been broken into tiny pieces
c. a rock that has been split in two
d. a rock that has lost its outer layers
a. a rock that has been changed into one or more new compounds
Which of the following is not a major component of soil
a. mineral matter
b. air
c. humus
d. earthworms
d. earthworms
The main source of organic matter in soil is ___.
a. water
b. plants
c. fungi
d. bacteria
b. plants
In which of the following areas will soil formation be greatest?
a. a steep slope in a warm, wet climate
b. a flat area in a cold, wet climate
c. a flat area in a warm, wet climate
d. a north-facing area on a steep slope
c. a flat area in a warm, wet climate
what is the second most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
a. oxygen
b. nitrogen
c. carbon dioxide
d. argon
a. oxygen
what is the third most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
a. oxygen
b. nitrogen
c. carbon dioxide
d. argon
d. argon
