Earth Science: Volcanoes, Earthquakes, And Mountain Ranges Flashcards

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1
Q

Thinnest and Outermost Layer of the Earth; it is where life and landforms are found.

A

Crust

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2
Q

Thickest layer of the Earth.

A

Mantle

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3
Q

What is the Outer Core?

A

Liquid layer of the Earth

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4
Q

Inner most hottest layer of the Earth.

A

Inner Core

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5
Q

The Philippines is located at the __________.

A

Pacific Ring of Fire.

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6
Q

What does it mean when something is located in the Pacific Ring of Fire?

A

Means that our country and other places located in the ring of fire is experiencing earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tectonic activities.

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7
Q

True or False, does plates move?

A

True! Plates moves very slowly but constantly.

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8
Q

What are the movements of plates called?

A

Tectonics, the movement of the Lithospheric plate is called Plate Tectonics.

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9
Q

What are Plate Boundaries?

A

Jt is the edges where to plates are located side by side.

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10
Q

Where are most of the volcanoes around the world located ?

A

At the border of the pacific plate.

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11
Q

What is a volcano ?

A

It is an opening in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic, ashes, and gases escape.

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12
Q

What is an earthquake ?

A

It is any sudden shaking of the ground caused by the passage of seismic waves through earth’s rocks.

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13
Q

What causes an earthquakes ?

A

By a sudden slip on a fault.

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14
Q

What is an earthquakes epicenter ?

A

It is where the strongest shaking occurs during an earthquake, it is the point on the earth’s surface vertically above the hypocenter or the focus.

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15
Q

What do you call a theory that explains the earth’s lithosphere is divided into several plates that move above the plastic life less rigid athenosphere?

A

Plate tectonics.

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16
Q

Where is the word lithosphere derived from ?

A

The comes from the greek word “lithos” meaning rocky, and “sphaeros”, meaning sphere.

17
Q

How many sub layer does the crust have ?

A

Two

18
Q

What are the two sub layers of the crust?

A

It is the continental crust and oceanic crust.

19
Q

The continental crust make up the _____.

A

Continents

20
Q

The rocks in continental crust is….

A

It is composed with larger pores of spaces.

21
Q

What does the continental crust made up with?

A

Granite

22
Q

How old is the continental crust?

A

4.4 billion years old

23
Q

What is the density of continental crust and its thickness?

A

Its density is 2.7 g/cm³ and its thickness is 30-50km

24
Q

Oceanic crust makes up the _____.

A

The seafloor

25
Q

The oceanic crust is composed with rocks with _____.

A

Smaller pores or spaces.

26
Q

The oceanic crust is mainly made up with ______.

A

Basalt or basaltic

27
Q

What is the density and the thickness of the oceanic crust?

A

The density of the oceanic crust is 3 g/cm³ and its thickness is 5 to 10 km

28
Q

How old is the oceanic crust?

A

200 million years old

29
Q

What do you call with two plates of different densities towards each other the denser plate moves under a less denser plate.

A

Subduction

30
Q

What happens when two plates move away from each other under the ocean?

A

It forms a new oceanic crust.