Earth Science- Plate Tectonics Flashcards
What type of layer is the inner core?
Solid Layer
What type of layer is the outer core?
Liquid Layer
Describe the Lithosphere
- The crust and the upper mantle.
- Where earthquakes begin
What is the movement of the heat transfer in the Earth caused by?
Convection caused by heat in the core
What would happen to the flow of hot rock in the earths mantle of the planets core cooled down?
- The flow would stop.
- The mantle and plates will stop moving
How would plate tectonics be effected if the flow of hot rock stopped and the mantle and plates stopped moving in the earths core?
There would be no earthquakes or volcanos.
Pieces of the Earths lithosphere are in constant, slow motion, driven by convection currents in the middle
The theory of plate tectonics
What is the mid ocean ridge?
a long chain of volcanos in the ocean
Where can you fine the oldest rock on the mid ocean ridge?
further out in the rift
When one plate sinks below the other
Subduction
What does subduction create?
Oceans, trenches, volcanic islands arcs, volcanos, and earthquakes
a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings.
a hot spot
a deep valley that forms where two plates pull apart
a Rift Valley
where can you find a Rift Valley today?
east Africa
How do divergent plate boundaries move?
apart in opposite directions
How do convergent plate boundaries move?
They move together and collide
How do transform plate boundaries move?
Past each other in opposite directions
Type of convergent plate boundaries
C-C
C-O
O-O
What features do C-C plate boundaries have?
Earthquakes and Mountains
What features do O-O plate boundaries have?
Island Arc, Subduction, Earthquakes, Tsunamis, and Trenches
What type of feature does C-O plate boundaries have?
Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Trenches, Tsunamis
What is the super continents name?
PANGAEA
Evidence of Pangaea
- Shapes of continents fit together
- Identical rocks have been found on “neighboring” continents
- The same fossils have been found in South America and Africa
how many times has Pangaea been together?
three
Where is the longest mountain chain in the world?
Along the floor of the Atlantic Ocena
How was the longest mountain chain in the world formed?
by divergence
Example of divergent
The great Rift Valley
Where can transform boundaries be found?
San Andreas Fault
Where can convergent boundaries be found?
West coast of South America
Where are the Himalayan mountains?
Asia
What type of plate boundaries do the Himalaya mountains have?
Convergent
Where is the San Andreas Fault?
California
Where is the mid Atlantic ridge?
Atlantic Ocean
What type of plate boundary is the Mid Atlantic Ocean?
Divergent
Where is the Mariana Trench?
Honolulu, Hawaii
What type of plate boundary is the Mariana Trench?
Convergent
Where is the East African Rift Valley?
East Africa
What type of plate boundary is the East African Rift Valley?
Divergent
Where is the Andes mountains
South America
What type of plate boundary is the Andes Mountains?
Convergent
Layers of the Earth from outermost to inner most
Crust
Mantle
Core
