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physical world > Earth Science > Flashcards

Earth Science Flashcards

1
Q

Inorganic mineral

A

Non living

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2
Q

Solid mineral

A

Homogeneous

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3
Q

Mineral

Definite chemical composition

A

Within carbon boundaries

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4
Q

Mineral properties

A 
Color
Cleavage vs fracture
Streak color
Hardness (MOHs hardness scale)
Luster (how much light and quality)
Smell, acid,
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5
Q

Cleavage

A

Breaking along plans of weakness straight line

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6
Q

Fracture

A

Uneven break straight in all directions

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7
Q

Scratch test

A

Finger nail low

Glass high

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8
Q

Rock types

A

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

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9
Q

Igneous

A

Forms from molten rock material

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10
Q

Sedimentary

A

Fragments, breaking down of pre existing rocks.

Precipitate, ocean water

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11
Q

Metamorphic

A

Changed by heat, pressure, chemically active fluid

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12
Q

Sedimentary rock layers

A

Principle of original horizontality(horizontal layers)
Law of superposition
Principle of cross cutting relationships
Faunal section 1-5 how long it’s been there

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13
Q

Green house effect steps

A

Energy from sun
Warms air and is adsorbed by the earth
Then then Radiates back in to the atmosphere

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14
Q

Rock Id

A

Texture, shape make up of minerals

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15
Q

Igneous rock id

A

Phaneritic( big enough crystals to see with eye)
Aphantic small crystals need magnifier to see)
Glassy

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16
Q

Metamorphic Id

A

Foliates( minerals are lined up layered)

Non foliated

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17
Q

Sedimentary id

A 
Clastic
Detrita
Fragmented
Vs
Chemical principle
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18
Q

Weather

A

State of atmosphere at a given time

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19
Q

Climate

A

What the atmosphere is for a certain amount of time for specific place

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20
Q

Atmosphere

A

Mostly made up of nitrogen

The gases portion of the planet and is held by gravity

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21
Q

Stratosphere

A

O3 ozone occurs

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22
Q

Troposphere

A

Layer closest to the earth

Most of weather occurs

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23
Q

Temperature

A

Average kinetic energy

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24
Q

Heat transfer

A

Condition
Convection
Air mass
Radiation

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25
Q

Conduct

A

Particle to particle transfer

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26
Q

Convection

A

Big bundle of particles and air rises that warms up

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27
Q

Radiation

A

Energy coming from sun, some will get here

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28
Q

Air mass

A

Classified by their temp and moisture characteristics

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29
Q

High pressure

A

Sinking air

Clear sky’s

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30
Q

Low pressure

A

Rising air

Becoming cloudy skies

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31
Q

Minerals

A

Naturally occurring

32
Q

Outer core

A

Liquid

33
Q

Inner core

A

Solid

34
Q

Air mass

A

Large body of air that has similar moisture and temperature at the same altitude

35
Q

Altitude

A

Height above the horizon in degrees

36
Q

Asthenosphere

A

Below lithosphere but part of upper mantle

37
Q

Azimuth

A

Horizontal angular distance from a fixed reference point

38
Q

Barometer

A

Measures atmospheric pressure

39
Q

Black hole

A

Forms when a massive star collapses to a small volume, light can not escape from its gravitational field

40
Q

Clouds

A

A form of condensation dense enough to be visible by the eye
Made of suspended water droplets or crystals

41
Q

Circus cloud

A

High, white, and have a thin, wispy appearance

Made of ice crystals and do not make precipitation

42
Q

Cumulus

A

Flat base and have a billowy appearance illustrating rising air

43
Q

Stratus

A

Layers or sheets that cover most of the sky

44
Q

Condensation

A

A change of state from a gas to liquid

45
Q

Constellations

A

Groups of stars

46
Q

Crust

A

Thin lay that may be oceanic, continental

47
Q

Oceanic crust

A

Made up of basalt thickness of 5km

48
Q

Continental

A

Composed of granite

49
Q

Full moon

A

180

50
Q

New moon

A

0

51
Q

Quarter moon

A

90

52
Q

Crescent moon

A

Between 0 and 90

53
Q

Gibbous

A

Between 90 and 180

54
Q

Declination

A

Celestial equivalent of latitude and is measured in degree north or south

55
Q

Dew point

A

The temperature at which condensation or precipitation occurs

56
Q

Differential heating

A

Produces density differences

57
Q

Earth

A

Revolves around the sun at an average distance of 93 million miles.
Largest terrestrial planet
Natural satellite is the moon

58
Q

Earthquake

A

A vibration of earth material produced when build up stress results in the rapid release of energy

59
Q

Solar eclipse

A

Occurs when the moon is at a new phase and covers the sun

60
Q

Lunar eclipse

A

Occurs during a full moon and the moon enters the shadow of the earth

61
Q

Fault

A

Is a crack where appreciable movement along a fracture has occurred

62
Q

Fog

A

Is a cloud that is near the ground

Is a result of radiation cooling or the movement of air over a cool service

63
Q

Fronts

A

Boundaries that separate different air masses

64
Q

Fusion

A

Energy formed when the nuclei of atoms join together

65
Q

Fossils

A

Traces, imprints, or remains of organisms from the geological past

66
Q

Galaxies

A

A large volume of space containing billions of stars held together by their mutual gravitational attractions

67
Q

Global warming

A

Increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases the amount of reradiated energy absorbed causing

68
Q

Heat index

A

Combination of heat and humidity

69
Q

Wind

A

Vertical air that is accompanied by horizontal air flow

70
Q

Jupiter

A

Largest planet

Atmosphere is mostly hydrogen

71
Q

Mercury

A

Closest planet to the sun
Wide temp rang
Second smallest planet

72
Q

Venus

A

Covered with clouds
Atmosphere traps infrared radiation
Hottest planet

73
Q

Mars

A

Known as the red planet

74
Q

Saturn

A

Has rings

75
Q

Uranus

A

Rotates on its side

76
Q

Neptune

A

Stormy atmosphere
Cold planet
It’s moon rotate clockwise opposite of all other

physical world (2 decks)

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