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Earth Science Flashcards

1
Q

Inorganic mineral

A

Non living

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2
Q

Solid mineral

A

Homogeneous

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3
Q

Mineral

Definite chemical composition

A

Within carbon boundaries

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4
Q

Mineral properties

A 
Color
Cleavage vs fracture
Streak color
Hardness (MOHs hardness scale)
Luster (how much light and quality)
Smell, acid,
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5
Q

Cleavage

A

Breaking along plans of weakness straight line

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6
Q

Fracture

A

Uneven break straight in all directions

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7
Q

Scratch test

A

Finger nail low

Glass high

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8
Q

Rock types

A

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

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9
Q

Igneous

A

Forms from molten rock material

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10
Q

Sedimentary

A

Fragments, breaking down of pre existing rocks.

Precipitate, ocean water

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11
Q

Metamorphic

A

Changed by heat, pressure, chemically active fluid

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12
Q

Sedimentary rock layers

A

Principle of original horizontality(horizontal layers)
Law of superposition
Principle of cross cutting relationships
Faunal section 1-5 how long it’s been there

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13
Q

Green house effect steps

A

Energy from sun
Warms air and is adsorbed by the earth
Then then Radiates back in to the atmosphere

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14
Q

Rock Id

A

Texture, shape make up of minerals

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15
Q

Igneous rock id

A

Phaneritic( big enough crystals to see with eye)
Aphantic small crystals need magnifier to see)
Glassy

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16
Q

Metamorphic Id

A

Foliates( minerals are lined up layered)

Non foliated

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17
Q

Sedimentary id

A 
Clastic
Detrita
Fragmented
Vs
Chemical principle
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18
Q

Weather

A

State of atmosphere at a given time

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19
Q

Climate

A

What the atmosphere is for a certain amount of time for specific place

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20
Q

Atmosphere

A

Mostly made up of nitrogen

The gases portion of the planet and is held by gravity

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21
Q

Stratosphere

A

O3 ozone occurs

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22
Q

Troposphere

A

Layer closest to the earth

Most of weather occurs

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23
Q

Temperature

A

Average kinetic energy

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24
Q

Heat transfer

A

Condition
Convection
Air mass
Radiation

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25
Conduct
Particle to particle transfer
26
Convection
Big bundle of particles and air rises that warms up
27
Radiation
Energy coming from sun, some will get here
28
Air mass
Classified by their temp and moisture characteristics
29
High pressure
Sinking air | Clear sky's
30
Low pressure
Rising air | Becoming cloudy skies
31
Minerals
Naturally occurring
32
Outer core
Liquid
33
Inner core
Solid
34
Air mass
Large body of air that has similar moisture and temperature at the same altitude
35
Altitude
Height above the horizon in degrees
36
Asthenosphere
Below lithosphere but part of upper mantle
37
Azimuth
Horizontal angular distance from a fixed reference point
38
Barometer
Measures atmospheric pressure
39
Black hole
Forms when a massive star collapses to a small volume, light can not escape from its gravitational field
40
Clouds
A form of condensation dense enough to be visible by the eye Made of suspended water droplets or crystals
41
Circus cloud
High, white, and have a thin, wispy appearance | Made of ice crystals and do not make precipitation
42
Cumulus
Flat base and have a billowy appearance illustrating rising air
43
Stratus
Layers or sheets that cover most of the sky
44
Condensation
A change of state from a gas to liquid
45
Constellations
Groups of stars
46
Crust
Thin lay that may be oceanic, continental
47
Oceanic crust
Made up of basalt thickness of 5km
48
Continental
Composed of granite
49
Full moon
180
50
New moon
0
51
Quarter moon
90
52
Crescent moon
Between 0 and 90
53
Gibbous
Between 90 and 180
54
Declination
Celestial equivalent of latitude and is measured in degree north or south
55
Dew point
The temperature at which condensation or precipitation occurs
56
Differential heating
Produces density differences
57
Earth
Revolves around the sun at an average distance of 93 million miles. Largest terrestrial planet Natural satellite is the moon
58
Earthquake
A vibration of earth material produced when build up stress results in the rapid release of energy
59
Solar eclipse
Occurs when the moon is at a new phase and covers the sun
60
Lunar eclipse
Occurs during a full moon and the moon enters the shadow of the earth
61
Fault
Is a crack where appreciable movement along a fracture has occurred
62
Fog
Is a cloud that is near the ground | Is a result of radiation cooling or the movement of air over a cool service
63
Fronts
Boundaries that separate different air masses
64
Fusion
Energy formed when the nuclei of atoms join together
65
Fossils
Traces, imprints, or remains of organisms from the geological past
66
Galaxies
A large volume of space containing billions of stars held together by their mutual gravitational attractions
67
Global warming
Increase carbon dioxide in the atmosphere increases the amount of reradiated energy absorbed causing
68
Heat index
Combination of heat and humidity
69
Wind
Vertical air that is accompanied by horizontal air flow
70
Jupiter
Largest planet | Atmosphere is mostly hydrogen
71
Mercury
Closest planet to the sun Wide temp rang Second smallest planet
72
Venus
Covered with clouds Atmosphere traps infrared radiation Hottest planet
73
Mars
Known as the red planet
74
Saturn
Has rings
75
Uranus
Rotates on its side
76
Neptune
Stormy atmosphere Cold planet It's moon rotate clockwise opposite of all other

physical world (2 decks)

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