Earth science Flashcards
I can Identify and describe the components of the physical Earth as a system (inner core, outer core, mantle, crust).
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
The crust
True or False: The Earth’s core is primarily composed of iron and nickel.
True
What is the process by which rocks are broken down by weathering called?
Erosion
Fill in the blank: The Earth’s atmosphere is made up of approximately ___% nitrogen.
78
What layer of the Earth lies beneath the crust?
The mantle
Which type of rock is formed from the cooling and solidification of magma?
Igneous rock
Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a type of plate boundary? A) Convergent B) Divergent C) Transform D) Circular
D) Circular
What phenomenon is caused by the movement of tectonic plates?
Earthquakes
True or False: The hydrosphere includes all the water on Earth.
True
What is the term for the layer of gases surrounding the Earth?
The atmosphere
Fill in the blank: The process of water vapor turning into liquid water is called ___.
Condensation
Which layer of the Earth is responsible for generating the Earth’s magnetic field?
The outer core
Multiple choice: What is the primary driver of the Earth’s weather systems? A) The Moon B) The Sun C) The Earth’s rotation D) Ocean currents
B) The Sun
What is the term for a naturally occurring solid mixture of minerals?
Rock
True or False: Sedimentary rocks are formed from the accumulation of sediment.
True
What is the scientific study of Earth’s physical structure and substance called?
Geology
Fill in the blank: The layer of Earth that contains the tectonic plates is called the ___.
Lithosphere
What type of rock is formed from the alteration of existing rock through heat and pressure?
Metamorphic rock
Multiple choice: Which gas is most abundant in the Earth’s atmosphere? A) Oxygen B) Carbon Dioxide C) Nitrogen D) Argon
C) Nitrogen
What is the term for the gradual increase in Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?
Global warming
True or False: The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean on Earth.
True
What is the primary cause of ocean currents?
Wind and the Earth’s rotation
Fill in the blank: The point on the Earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake is called the ___.
Epicenter
What is the term for the study of weather and atmospheric conditions?
Meteorology
True or False: The Earth’s crust is thicker under the continents than under the oceans.
True
What is the term for a large body of saltwater that covers most of the Earth’s surface?
Ocean
Multiple choice: Which type of rock forms from the cooling of lava above ground? A) Igneous B) Sedimentary C) Metamorphic D) None of the above
A) Igneous
