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NAT > Earth Science > Flashcards

Earth Science Flashcards

1
Q

You observed on earth sized like planet in a distant galaxies based on the data the planet is the same distance from its star-like earth to eat star the sun it is also covered with a thick atmosphere which is composed of carbon dioxide and shows no volcanic activity what can you infer from these data

A

The earth like planet is hot and no nutrient cycling occurs

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2
Q

What subsystems are interacting when carbon dioxide dissolves from the air into the ocean

A

Atmosphere and hydrosphere

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3
Q

During the 18th miners can identify real gold from pyrite through biting the surface of the mineral if a bite mark is exhibited then the said mineral is considered real gold what property is tested in this scenario

A

Cleavage

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4
Q

While walking at the beach and july found a rock sample with the shells and pebbles embedded what type of rock did you find

A

Sedimentary rock

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5
Q

Fossil fuels are derived from which sources

A

Organic matter trapped in sedimentary rock

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6
Q

Based on the department of energy 2017 power statistics coal is the main source of energy in the philippines what do you think might happen if coal reserves run out

A

It will decrease the number of air pollutants and energy resources in the country

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7
Q

How does geothermal energy work

A

Uses heat from the core of earth

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8
Q

People have a long history of using the force of water flowing in streams and rivers to produce mechanical energy which of the following best describes the aforementioned statement

A

Milling

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9
Q

The process which indicates the electricity generation from hot water geothermal source

A

Drilling well
hot water
steam
generator

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10
Q

What is the massive driver of pollution

A

Population

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11
Q

Manila player water conservation is the practice of using water efficiently to reduce unnecessary water usage which activities should you avoid for us not to contribute waste the most per day at home

A

Running tap while washing dishes

leaky toilet

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12
Q

It is a way that can protect and prevent depression of the soil

A

Fertilization

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13
Q

The philippine clean water act of 2004 known as republic act number 9275 is an act providing for a comprehensive water quality management which aims to protect the country’s water bodies from pollution which of the following activities and its purpose is falsely stated

A

Use of water for domestic purposes means the utilization of water for drinking washing basin cooking or other household needs home gardens and watering of loans or domestic animals

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14
Q

It is a farming practice that immediately depositing seeds into untilled soil that has retained previous crop residues

A

No-till farming

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15
Q

Solid waste management swn is considered to be one of the most serious environmental issues in the philippines what legal bases provide the necessary policy framework institutional mechanisms and monday to the local government unit lgu to achieve 25% waste reduction through establishing an integrated solid waste management plans based on 3 r’s reduce reuse and recycling

A

The republic act 9003 otherwise known as the ecological solid waste management act of 2000

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16
Q

In times of covid-19 pandemic many people use face masks to protect themselves as a responsible citizen in which type of waste you are going to classify used to face masks

A

Hazardous waste

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17
Q

What do you call the process which exhibits the breaking down of rocks to the earth’s surface that may cause changes in its composition

A

Weathering

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18
Q

A marble statue of our national hero dr jose p rizal that is situated in your hometown plaza is left exposed to the weather within a few years the details on the statue have begun to weather away what is the probable cause of this weathering

A

Carbonic acid in rainwater

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19
Q

Why do geologists call on convection rather than conduction in order for heat to transfer from the core to the crust

A

Conduction of heat is far too slow and inefficient relative to convection solve the earth would not have produced much cooling thus far

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20
Q

Your father just got a promotion and he’s already has salary has even doubled but you family had to move to the , legal and several kilometers away from mount hibok-hibok which is an active volcano having known that you live near an active volcano what information should you know and preparations should you take in case the volcano will show signs of eruption

A

Dipper paired for possible volcanic eruption by keeping and regularly maintaining a bag of clothes footwear nonperishable good bottled water toiletries flashlight batteries and cash which is always ready to carry anytime

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21
Q

What sequence of rock types will shale pass through with successively higher grades of metamorphism

A

Shale
Slate
Phyllite
Schist
Gneiss
Partial melting

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22
Q

What happened to the rocks under shear stress

A

The rock will sleep to each other on opposite direction

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23
Q

Lena play the clay bar he pushed the two sides of the clay bar using equal force from her found on the same axis what do you think is the type of stress did he exert on the clay bar

A

Compressional stress

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24
Q

Which of the following statements supports the reason of shrinking of the pacific ocean

the plates are converging

water is evaporating quickly near the equator

it has less glaciers melting into it than than the atlantic

ocean crust in the pacific is getting recycled faster than its being created

A

Ocean crust in the pacific is getting recycled faster than its being created

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25
Q

The san andreas fault system is a continental transform fault that extends roughly 1,200 km through california it forms the tectonic boundary between the pacific plate and the north american plate how would you describe the geological process on how it was formed

A

It is a transform plate boundary resulting from two plates sliding past each other horizontally

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26
Q

How can you infer the difference between a guyot and a seamount

A

Guyot one point reached the surface and was eroded away by wind and waves but seamount kept its mountain like shape

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27
Q

Which resulted to the formation of new crust from magma that rises to the earth’s surface between two plate boundaries

A

Divergent boundary

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28
Q

Which is associated with discovery of seafloor spreading

A

The crust of the oceans are very young relative to the age of the crust of the continents

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29
Q

Which types of rock would most likely formed from compaction and cementation of this sediment

A

Shale and coal

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30
Q

Radiometric dating is a technique used to determine the age of materials such as rocks what is being measured in radiometric dating

A

The amount of the parent isotope only

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31
Q

If you are a geologist how does the principle of faunal succession allow you to correlate rock strata in different geographic locations

A

It states that layers of rock strata at different locations can be correlated according to the unique set of fossils they contain

32
Q

The age of earth is based on the radioactive isotope dating of meteorites how old is the earth based on its history

A

4.6 billion years old

33
Q

Which punctuation can be made when observing customs buried in a different layer of rock

A

The deeper layers are all their fossils done the shallow layers

34
Q

Index fossil is an abundant and easily identifiable fossil with a wide geographic distribution and the short geologic range which animal fossils are considered index fossils

A

Ammonite

35
Q

Which era were dinosaurs small mammals flowering plants and birds found

A

Mesozoic

36
Q

A fossil of an ancient fish was the gap along would fastlife leaves of fern like plants in which environment was this fossil probably formed

A

Warm swamp

37
Q

Major human activities can cause great destruction on earth subsystems since energy and matter is cycled within the spheres and being part of the system these harmful activities bring force destruction to us and a boomerang effect one example of this is the global warming as a student what to come in different can you give to solve this problem

A

Start the change from yourself by not contributing pollution to the environment

38
Q

Which chemical groups does olivine and hematite belong

A

Olivan is silicate and hematite is oxide

39
Q

Which areas do most sedimentary rocks usually form

A

Bodies of water

40
Q

What is the most thickest layer of the earth and is mostly made of iron magnesium and silicon that is dense hot and semi solid

A

Mantle

41
Q

Which from the following statements below correctly conclude the movement of both basaltic and granitic magma toward the earth’s surface

A

The celtic magma rises all the way to the earth’s surface to erupted from a volcano will granitic magma typically solidifies within the earth’s crust

42
Q

Which of the combination of factors can change pre-existing rocks into new forms

A

Temperature pressure and chemically active fluids

43
Q

You watch a video of a lava flow when suddenly you got curious about how crystal formation happens you also observed that small and large crystals can be formed from a lava flow based on this observation where would you expect to find the largest crystal in a lava flow

A

Near the bottom of the flow

44
Q

You were given a granite sample and task 2 describe just by looking and touching it which of the following statements below will best describe a granite based on its physical appearance

A

Light-colored coarse-grained igneous rock rich in silica

45
Q

You are walking along a flat rock surface you discover that as you walk further the age of the rocks decreases until you reach the middle of the surface then for the same reason they get older again what structure have you just passed over

A

Anticline fold

46
Q

Which of the following set of rock layers is correctly arranged from oldest to youngest

A

Q o n m l p

47
Q

Geologist use relative dating methods to get that an igneous rock sample is between 1 million and 5 million years old and was curious about it exact age will using carbon 14 in determining the age of the rock be helpful

A

No because the half-life of a carbon 15 is too short for the age of the rock sample

48
Q

A geologist found a dinosaur fossil and wants to estimate what period that dinosaur existed in the past the geologist measured the ages of the rocks beneath and above the fossil what dating technique he or she is about to use

A

Relative dating

49
Q

What information is generally shown in the geologic time scale

A

The geologic history of the earth

50
Q

Which hazard may happen if the soil is loosened and waterlogged sediments at or near ground surface lose strength during earthquake

A

Liquefaction

51
Q

A barangay located near the sea experience a magnitude 8.0 earthquake what hazard or the residence most exposed to after this

A

Tsunami

52
Q

What term refers to an extreme natural phenomenon in earth’s crust like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions that may cause danger to life and property

A

Geologic hazard

53
Q

If you live on a hillside in landlocked area with an active volcano thereby which of the following phenomenon does not give you hazard

A

Tsunami

54
Q

Who among the following people is doing an activity that helps lessen the occurrence of landslide

A

The person who puts its message vegetation as possible on the nearby slope

55
Q

During the typhoon you noticed an abnormal rise of sea water level that cause flooding in the coastal area you live in what phenomenon you had you just witness

A

Storm surge

56
Q

Supposed to live in a coastal area in the primary source of drinking water has always been through a water pump over the years you notice that the water gets saltier and saltier what coastal process could have occurred

A

Saltwater intrusion

57
Q

A businessman wanted to build a five star hotel a few meters away from the edge of a cliff on the shore should he spend allowed by the authority

A

No it’s construction could only worsen coastal erosion

58
Q

Miller and urey performed an experiment to perform the origin of life what are the mixtures of gases they thought to be abundant earth’s early atmosphere

A

H2o h2 nh3 ch4

59
Q

Based on the geologic time scale which of the following is a correct pair of periods in earth history and the corresponding major events that took place

A

Permian the extinction of trilobites

60
Q

Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct

A

Species makeup populations which makeup communities

61
Q

Which of the following is a correct pair of organ and organ system

A

Skin is integumentary

62
Q

The biological process of producing offspring that are biologically or genetically similar to the parents

A

Reproduction

63
Q

What term refers to the process of producing new organism by combining the genetic information of two individuals having different sexes

A

Sexual reproduction

64
Q

Take note
sexual reproduction requires two parents while a sexual requires only one

A
65
Q

Recombinant dna technology

A

The rdna technology can be considered successful even if the foreign dna inserted into the vector dna is not expressing the desired trait in the host cells

66
Q

Which of the following crops is not genetically modified

bt corn
golden rice
bt eggplant
conventional rice

A

Conventional rice

67
Q

Which of the following is considered a risk of gm food to people’s health

gm food enhanced pathogenicity
gm food production cost is reduced
gm food increase to a door test garden
gm food contains higher amounts of vitamins and minerals

A

Gm food enhanced pathogenicity

68
Q

What responses are generated by the nervous system when you run on a treadmill

A

Fonts exercise begins the sympathetic nervous system is activated and the heart rate it rises quickly

69
Q

Pablo went out with his friends almost every day to have fun and takes whatever vices they want one day he complains that he experienced abdominal pain and notices that the appearance of a skin turns yellowish which are some symptoms of a liver problem which defect among his vices cost him liver problems

A

Alcohol consumption

70
Q

There is a couple who wish to have a child but cannot have it because the wife was diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome or pecos it is a condition in which the ovaries produce an abnormal number of androgen male sex hormones that are usually present in women in small amounts that cause infertility of women having it however it can be treated by maintaining healthy weight conducting regular exercise and balanced diet based on the given situation is it possible for the couple to bear a child

A

Yes if they will just follow the suggestions of their doctor

71
Q

When you’re faced with a perceived threat your brain thinks you’re in danger that’s because it already considers the situation to be life-threatening as a result your body automatically reacts to keep you safe what hormone is responsible for this response

A

Adrenaline

72
Q

Pedro who met an accident dislocated his too long bones in his hand what do you think is the cause of such dislocation

A

Ligament break

73
Q

Gregor mendel was considered as the father of modern genetics which of the following works was associated with him

A

Study with the pea plant

74
Q

What is common among human arm cats leg whale flipper and bat wings

A

Having the same bones and they share common ancestors

75
Q

Someone gives you to black beatles carbonized darkling beetle and armor distinct beetle what group tables belong in the biological classification of organism

A

Genius

76
Q

On 16 december 2021 typhoon dry brought torrential rains violent winds landslides and storm surges in the province of surigao del norte and dinagat island in mindanao in five provinces of visayas and in the island of palawan in luzon before it exited the philippine area of responsibility on 17 december 20 21 if a natural disaster like typhoon or death devastates an ecosystem what will this do to the carrying of capacity of the population of a species within that ecosystem

A

Decrease it

77
Q

The family of amelia lives in a city where most of her relatives are also living there because it’s where their farm located which is the source of their food for a friend of a million lives in another city of 5 km away from amelia’s place the family of korra is living in another city of because it is where their farm in located how will you classify the household population distribution pattern with amelia and chorus place

A

Uniform distribution

NAT (4 decks)

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