Earth's Systems Flashcards
What are the four layers of the Earth?
The crust, mantle, outer core and inner core.
True or False: The Earth’s crust is the thickest layer.
False
Fill in the blank: The mantle is located between the _____ and the outer core.
crust
What is the outermost layer of the Earth called?
The crust.
Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel?
The inner core.
What is the term for the movement of the Earth’s tectonic plates?
Plate tectonics.
Consists of the crust and the upper part of the mantle?
Lithosphere.
True or False: Earthquakes are caused by the sudden release of energy in the Earth’s crust.
True
What is a person that studies earthquakes called?
Seismologist
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the point on the Earth’s surface directly above where an earthquake originates.
epicenter
A rupture in the Earth’s crust that allows molten lava, ash, and gases to escape.
Volcano
Which type of volcano is characterized by gentle slopes and primarily erupts basaltic lava?
Shield volcano.
True or False: Viscosity refers to a fluid’s resistance to flow.
True
The liquid that flows on the outside of a volcano.
Lava
What is the term for the boundary where two tectonic plates meet?
Plate boundary.
What are the three types of plate boundaries?
Convergent, divergent, and transform.
True or False: Divergent boundaries are where plates move toward each other.
False: Convergent
What geological feature is commonly formed at convergent boundaries?
Mountains or deep ocean trenches.
What is the name of the supercontinent that existed around 300 million years ago?
Pangaea.
Fill in the blank: The _____ is the layer of the Earth that is liquid.
outer core
What instrument is used to detect and record seismic waves?
Seismograph.
What is the main cause of tsunamis?
Underwater earthquakes.
True or False: The Earth’s inner core is solid.
True
Liquid inside the earth before it erupts from a volcano
Magma
P waves
Primary Waves- happen first
