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Natural Science > Earth's Moon > Flashcards

Earth's Moon Flashcards

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1
Q

occur only during full moon phase

A

Lunar Eclipse

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2
Q

Earth, the Sun and the Moon are in a line

A

Syzgy

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3
Q

2 Lunar Motions

A

Synodic Month and Sidereal Month

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4
Q

Earth’s only natural satellite

A

Moon

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5
Q

the Moon’s current orbital distance is about thirty times the diameter of Earth, causing it to have an apparent size in the sky almost the same as that of the Sun

A

Eclipse

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6
Q

period of rotation on its axis equals its period of revolution around Earth

A

Sychronous Rotation

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7
Q

similar to a semidiurnal pattern except that it is characterized by a large inequality in high water heights, low water heights, or both

A

Mixed Tidal Pattern

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8
Q

First Human on the Moon

A

Neil Armstrong
Buzz Aldrin
Michael Collins

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9
Q

Parts of moon

A

>partially molten metal zone

>iron-rich core

>rigid mantle

>thick crust

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10
Q

first man-made object to escape Earth’s gravity and pass near the Moon

A

Luna 1

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11
Q

when the moon is closest to Earth

A

Perigee

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12
Q

occurs when one heavenly body bocks the light shining from a second onto a third

A

Eclipse

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13
Q

can last up to 4 hours and is visible to anyone on the side of Earth facing the Moon

A

Lunar Eclipse

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14
Q

occur when the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun are perpendicular to one another (with respect to the Earth)

A

Neap Tides

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15
Q

gray debris derived from a few billion years of meteoric bombardment

A

Lunar Regolith

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16
Q

characterized by a single high tide and a single low tide each tidal day

A

Diurnal Tidal Pattern

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17
Q

visible only to people in the dark part of the Moon’s shadow

A

Total Solar Eclipse

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18
Q

>the second full moon in a calendar month
>the first of the full moons must appear at or near the beginning of the month so that the second will fall within the same month
>rare event

A

Blue Moon

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19
Q

the gravitational forces of the Sun and the Moon are pulling in different directions

A

= minimum effect

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20
Q

first crewed mission to orbit the moon

A

Apollo 8

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21
Q

the Moon is completely within Earth’s shadow but is still visible as a coppery disk, because..?

A

Earth’s atmosphere bends some long-wavelength light (red) into its shadow

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22
Q

occur during the full moon and the new moon

A

Spring Tide

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23
Q

first unmanned vehicle to orbit the Moon

A

Luna 10

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24
Q

27 1/3 days

A

Sidereal Month

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25
Q

since the Earth is also being pulled toward the moon (and away from the water on the far side)

A

another bulge occurs on the opposite side

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26
Q

exhibits two high tides and two low tides each tidal day, with the two highs about the same height and the two lows about the same height

A

Semidiurnal Tidal Pattern

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27
Q

light portion of Moon’s shadow

A

Penumbra

28
Q

very high tide occurs when the moon is both unusually at its perigee in the New Moon phase

A

Proxigean Spring Tide

29
Q

Small mass and low gravity = ?

A

No atmosphere, no water

30
Q

mantled both the Maria and Terrae

A

Lunar Regolith

31
Q

causes the oceans to bulge out in the direction of the moon

A

gravitational attraction of the moon

32
Q

occur when the Earth, the Sun and the Moon are in a line

A

Spring Tide

33
Q

4 Main Phases of the Moon

A
  1. Crescent
  2. Third Quarter
  3. Gibbous
  4. Full Moon
34
Q

occur during quarter moons

A

Neap Tide

35
Q

when the moon is farthest away from Earth

A

Apogee

36
Q

Moon will be visible in the morning (AM side of the Earth) starting at..?

A

full moon, during third quarter until a few days before new moon.

37
Q

Earth’s temperature

A

Daylight: 107 C/ 225 F Night: -153 C/ -243 F

38
Q

during a total lunar eclipse,

A

Earth’s circular shadow moves slowly across the disk of the full Moon

39
Q

dark part of the Moon’s shadow

A

Umbra

40
Q

3 Tidal Patterns

A

diurnal, semidiurnal, mixed

41
Q

seen by those in the light portion

A

Partial Eclipse

42
Q

Complete Phases of the Moon

A

New Moon > Waxing Crescent > First Quarter > Waxing Gibbous > Full Moon > Wanning Gibbous > Third Quarter > Wanning Crescent > New Moon

43
Q

landing of the first humans on the Moon

A

Apollo 11

44
Q

Moon will not be visible for a few days around new moon because..?

A

sunlit side of the Moon is facing away from Earth, towards the Sun.

45
Q

Why are impact craters on the moon very evident compared to Earth?

A

>no atmosphere and water = no weathering and erosion
>tectonic forces are no longer active on the Moon
>erosion -> bombardment of micrometeorites, somehow smoothens the surface

46
Q

>light-colored areas resemble Earth’s continents
>elevated several kilometers above the Maria
>rocks are breccias pulverized by massive bombardment

A

Terrae

47
Q

Earth’s Diameter

A

3,475 km/2,160 miles

48
Q

periodic rises and falls of large bodies of water caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon

A

Tides

49
Q

How did the moon form?

A

Result of collision between a Mars-sized busy and young Earth

50
Q

dark regions appread smooth composed of balsaltic lavas (resembling seas on Earth)

A

Maria

51
Q

>a full moon coincides with being closest to Earth
>happens once or twice a year

A

Super Moon

52
Q

29 ½ days

A

Synodic Month

53
Q

weak tides

A

Neap Tides

54
Q

this allows the Moon to cover the Sun nearly precisely in total solar eclipse

A

Eclipse

55
Q

igneous rocks, breccia, glass beads and fine lunar dust

A

Lunar Regolith

56
Q

>occur only during new moon phase
>when the Moon moves in a line directly between Earth and the Sun, it casts a dark shadow on Earth

A

Solar Eclipse

57
Q

Two different types of terrain

A

maria and terrae

58
Q

strong tides

A

Spring Tides

59
Q

the Moon is eclipsed when..?

A

it moves within Earth’s shadow

60
Q

Why does Earth only have one satellite, while Jovian planets have a lot?

A

Large size = greater gravity = more particles attracted

61
Q

a full moon that occurs when the moon is farthest from Earth

A

Micro Moon

62
Q

since the earth is rotating while this is happening

A

two tides occur each day

63
Q

both contribute to the tides

A

gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun

64
Q

the Moon will be visible in the evening (PM side of the Earth) starting..?

A

few days past new moon, during first quarter until a few days before full moon.

65
Q

2 Countries who launched exploration

A

Soviet Union and USA

Natural Science (6 decks)

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