Earth's Changing Surface

Question 1

factors that decide the speed of weathering

Answer 1

• Material strength and structure
• Temperature and Humidity
• Soil Type

Question 2

is weathering destructive of constructive

Answer 2

destructive

Question 3

what are the two types of weathering

Answer 3

mechanical and chemical

Question 4

list examples of mechanical weathering

Answer 4

•growing plants
•burrowing animals
•freeze/thaw cycle of water
*also a physical change

Question 5

list examples of chemical weathering

Answer 5

•oxidation(oxygen and water combine to form rust)
• acid rain
• plant acid
*also is a chemical process

Question 6

What is erosion

Answer 6

a process that moves sediment from one place to another

Question 7

what are the 4 agents of erosion

Answer 7

• erosion by water(stream, rain drop, wave erosion)
• erosion by wind
• erosion by glaciers
• erosion by gravity

Question 8

what is deposition

Answer 8

the laying down of sediments that have eroded

Question 9

what are the formations caused by deposition

Answer 9

• deltas and alluvial fans
• floodplains
• meanders and oxbow lakes

Question 10

what is a delta and alluvial fan

Answer 10

a fan shaped deposit at the mouths(end) of stream

Question 11

what is a floodplain

Answer 11

level strips of land on the sides of a river made of sediments are deposited during flooding

Question 12

what is a meander and oxbow lake

Answer 12

• meander is a bend in a river

* oxbow lake- a meander that gets cut off from the river

Question 13

in which climate zone on earth would have the slowest rate of weathering 
A-tundra
B-deciduous forest
C-Desert
D-tropical rain forest

Answer 13

A-tundra

Question 14

what is a topographic map

Answer 14

a two dimensional model of the earths surface

*aka a contour map

Question 15

what is a contour line

Answer 15

connects points of equal elevation

Question 16

what do topographic maps show

Answer 16

elevation and the shape of the land

Question 17

what is the relief

Answer 17

the difference between high and low elevations

Question 18

what is the contour interval

Answer 18

the difference in elevation between each line.

* the difference must be the same between ALL lines

Question 19

how can you tell where a steep slope is

Answer 19

the closer the contour lines are is the steeper slope

Question 20

what is a benchmark

Answer 20

a location whose exact elevation is known and is noted and are marked with an X and a BM written next to them

Question 21

what is a map scale

Answer 21

something that indicates the distance on the map compared to the distance of the real world

Question 22

what are the rules of contours

Answer 22

• contour lines never cross
• contours form closed loops even if not shown on the map
• contours bend upstream (uphill) when crossing a stream
•the maximum possible elevation for a hill is ___
less than what the next contour should be

Question 23

how can you tell a line is the index contour

Answer 23

usually every 5th line is printed darker and has an elevation printed on it

Question 24

how can you tell there is a depression, crater, or sinkhole on the map

Answer 24

this is shown by dashed lines on the inside of a contour line

Question 25

What is weathering

Answer 25

a process that works to break down rock