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Science > Earth/Moon System > Flashcards

Earth/Moon System Flashcards

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1
Q

North end of the axis points towards______

A

Polaris, the Northstar

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2
Q

Definition of rotation

A

The spinning of a planet on its axis

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3
Q

The sun and moon seem to move because of earth’s _______

A

Rotation

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4
Q

A point of the equator rotates about__________

A

1,600 km per hour

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5
Q

What does rotation cause

A

Day and night

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6
Q

It is _____ on the side of the earth that is facing the sun

A

Day

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7
Q

It is _____ on the side of the earth facing away from the sun

A

Night

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8
Q

Definition of revolution

A

Movement of one object around another object (ex:planets around the sun)

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9
Q

1 complete revolution around the sun is called a ______

A

Year

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10
Q

What is our orbit not?

A

A circle

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11
Q

If earths axis were straight up and down, day relative to the sun temperatures would _______ _________ year-round

A

Remain constant

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12
Q

If temperatures remained constant, there would be no _______

A

Seasons

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13
Q

Why does earth have seasons?

A

It’s axis is tilted

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14
Q

Our axis is tilted at an angle of ___ from the vertical

A

23.5 degrees

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15
Q

When the north end of earths axis is towards the sun, the northern hemisphere has ______

A

Summer

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16
Q

When the southern end of earths axis is tilted toward the sun, the northern hemisphere has _____

A

Winter

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17
Q

Summer and winter are not affected by _______

A

Changes in earths distance from the sun

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18
Q

Definition of axis

A

Imaginary line that passes through earths center and the north and south pole

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19
Q

(June 21) which end of earths axis is tilted toward the sun

A

The north end

20
Q

June 21

Noon sun is directly overhead at ______ latitude- in the tropic of _____

A

23.5 degrees north, cancer

21
Q

Define latitude

A

Measurement north and south of the equator

22
Q

June 21

The northern hemisphere will receive more or less hours of sunlight

A

More

23
Q

Southern Hemisphere will receive more or less hours of daylight and less direct rays therefore it will have the coolest temps of the year and will be in _____

A

Winter

24
Q

Dec. 21

Which end of earths axis is tilted toward the sun?

A

Southern

25
Q

Dec.21

Noon sun is overhead at what degrees and over which tropic?

A

23.5 degrees latitude and the Tropic of Capricorn

26
Q

Dec. 21 the Southern Hemisphere having _____

A

Summer

27
Q

When the sun is over head at either 23.5 north or 23.5 south latitude they are called_____

A

Summer and winter solstices

28
Q

What occurs halfway between the solstices when neither hemisphere is tilted toward the sun?

A

Equinoxes

29
Q

What does Equinox mean?

A

Equal light

30
Q

On the equinoxes the length of day and night are ______

A

Equal

31
Q

Vernal equinox is the ______ Equinox that occurs on _____ 21st and is the beginning of _____ in the _____ hemisphere

A

Spring equinox
March
Spring
Northern

32
Q

Autumnal equinox- occurs around ________ and is the beginning of ___ in the _____ hemisphere

A

September 23rd
Fall
Northern

33
Q

On the dates of the equinox the sun is directly over the ______

A

Equator

34
Q

How many days does the moon take to revolve around the earth? And how long does it take for the moon to complete one rotation?

A

27.3 days

35
Q

Moons orbit is a what?

A

Eclipse

36
Q

Why are the moons days and years equal?

A

Because the moons revolution around earth and its rotation both take 27.3 days to complete

37
Q

Why can we see the moon?

A

Because it reflects the Suns light

38
Q

What are phases?

A

different shapes of the moon

39
Q

The moon goes through all of its phases in one ____

A

Revolution

40
Q

Solar eclipses can only occur during which moon phase?

A

New moon

41
Q

Define umbra

A

Darkest part of the moon’s shadow

42
Q

People within the umbra experience what kind of eclipse?

A

A total eclipse

43
Q

Define corona

A

The shiny halo like disk around the darkened sun during a solar eclipse

44
Q

Define penumbra

A

Larger part of the moon’s shadow that is not as dark

45
Q

How does the sun look from the penumbra during a solar eclipse?

A

The sun is partially visible

46
Q

Lunar eclipses only occur during which moon phase?

A

Full moon

47
Q

A total lunar eclipse happens when:

A

The moon is in earths umbra

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