Earth Material And Processes:Mineral And Rocks

Question 1

Are the building block of rocks

Answer 1

Mineral

Question 2

•The are — naturally occurring minerals.
•about—- are discovered each year

Answer 2

•4000
•60-80

Question 3

Example of minerals

Answer 3

•talc
•gypsum
•calcite
•flourite
•apatite
•orthoclase
•quartz
•topaz
•diamond
•corrumdum

Question 4

A person who studies the formation, occurrence,properties,composition and classification of minerals

Answer 4

Mineralogist

Question 5

Term which identifies minerals as part of earth natural process

Answer 5

Naturally occurring

Question 6

Means a substance is not a product of an organism

Answer 6

Inorganic

Question 7

Minerals should have definite volume and rigid shape

Answer 7

Homogeneous solid

Question 8

Represented by chemical formula

Answer 8

Chemical composition

Question 9

Atoms are arrange in orderly and repeating patterns

Answer 9

Crystalline structure

Question 10

Minerals color may change depending on the surface

Answer 10

Color

Question 11

Color of minerals in powdered form

Answer 11

Streak

Question 12

Minerals resistance to scratching

Answer 12

Hardness

Question 13

A German mineralogist born on Jan 29 1773

Answer 13

Friedrich mohs

Question 14

1812 mohs hardness scale was made

Answer 14

A fact

Question 15

Then in 1822 mohs hardness scale was introduced

Answer 15

A fact

Question 16

Minerals resistance to being broken and fracture

Answer 16

Cleavage

Question 17

Ability to allow light to pass through it this is affected by chemical makeup of the mineral sample

Answer 17

Diaphaneity

Question 18

How light is reflected off a surface

Answer 18

Luster

Question 19

Describes the mineral reaction to stress

Answer 19

Tenacity

Question 20

Naturally occurring solid aggregate of one or more minerals

Answer 20

Rocks

Question 21

Scientific study of rocks

Answer 21

Petrology

Question 22

A person who study and classify rocks

Answer 22

Petrology

Question 23

Formed from hardening and crystallization of magma or molten material that originates deep within the earth

Answer 23

Igneous

Question 24

•Froms when magma makes its way to earth’s surface as lava and then cools.
•crystals are very small cause cooling process is fast

Answer 24

Extrusive/volcanic rock

Question 25

•It cools slowly beneath the earth surface and are created by magma •intrusive have very large crytals

Answer 25

Intrusive/plutonic

Question 26

It's refers to rocks mineral and chemical makeup

Answer 26

Composition

Question 27

Igneous rocks that are light in color

Answer 27

Felsic

Question 28

Dark colored igneous rocks made up of magnesium, calcium and iron

Answer 28

Mafic

Question 29

Refers to igneous rocks between mafic and felsic composition

Answer 29

Intermediate

Question 30

Denotes igenous rock that composed chiefly of mafic materials

Answer 30

Ultramafic

Question 31

Overall appearance of a rock based on size shape and arrangement of interlocking mineral crystals

Answer 31

Texture

Question 32

Fine grained rocks with crystals seen by aid of microscope

Answer 32

Aphanistic

Question 33

Coarse grained rocks

Answer 33

Phaneritic

Question 34

Large crystal with small crystal

Answer 34

Porhyritic

Question 35

A rock that looks like colored glass with no visible mineral crystal

Answer 35

Glassy

Question 36

Results from explosive fragmentation of volcanic mineral

Answer 36

Pyroclastic

Question 37

Examples of igenous rocks

Answer 37

•Obsidian •diabase •gabbro •basalt •granite

Question 38

Forms from pre-existing rocks

Answer 38

Metamorphic

Question 39

Transformation of of one rock type into another

Answer 39

Metamorphism

Question 40

•Due to changes in pressure and temperature •it may happen when rock is burried

Answer 40

Regional

Question 41

The rock minerals and textures are changed mainly by heat due to contact with magma

Answer 41

Contact

Question 42

Refers to the arrangement and grain within the rocks

Answer 42

Texture

Question 43

Any planar arrangement of mineral grains or structural features within the rocks

Answer 43

Foliation

Question 44

Can be arrange In terms of increasing metamorphism and it appeared layered or banded with compressed mineral grain

Answer 44

Foliated rocks

Question 45

Usually made up of only few minerals

Answer 45

Non-foliated rocks

Question 46

Examples of metamorphic rocks

Answer 46

•marble •soapstone •skarn •anthracite •mariposite

Question 47

Provide information about surface condition that existed in the earth past

Answer 47

Sedimentary rocks

Question 48

Due to increase pressure of layered sediments it bind together to form the sedimentary rocks

Answer 48

Compactions

Question 49

Formed from accumulation of clast little pieces of broken rocks and shells

Answer 49

Clastic sedimentary rocks

Question 50

Examples of clastic sedimentary rocks

Answer 50

•sandstone •breccia •conglomerate

Question 51

Formed when dissolved minerals precipitate from a solution

Answer 51

Chemical

Question 52

Formed when body of seawater becomes closed and evaporate

Answer 52

Halite

Question 53

Rocks formed from the accumulation of animal debris

Answer 53

Organic

Question 54

Composed of organic matter in the forms of plants fragment

Answer 54

Coal

Question 55

Examples of sedimentary rocks

Answer 55

•chalk •coal •ironstone •shale •chert

Question 56

Characteristics of minerals?

Answer 56

•naturally occurring •inorganic •homogeneous solid •chemical composition •crystalline structure

Question 57

Properties of minerals?

Answer 57

•color •streak •hardness •cleavage •diaphaneity •luster •tenacity

Question 58

Three types of rocks?

Answer 58

•igeneous rocks •metamorphic rocks •sedimentary rocks

Question 59

Two types of igeneous rocks

Answer 59

•extrusive •intrusive

Question 60

Igeneous rocks are classified based on?

Answer 60

•1.composition •felsic •mafic •intermediate •ultramafic •2.texture •aphanistic •phaneritic •porphyritic •glassy •pyroclastic