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Natural Science Grade 4 Collier-Reed > Earth and Beyond > Flashcards

Earth and Beyond Flashcards

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1
Q

How many planets revolve around the sun?

Name them in order.

A 
8.  
Mercury, 
Venus, 
Earth, 
Mars, 
Jupiter, 
Saturn,
Uranus, 
Neptune.
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2
Q

What is the rhyme to remember the order of the planets?

A

My Very Eager Mom Just Served Us Noodles

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3
Q

What does the sun consist of?

A

Very hot (hydrogen 72% and helium 26%) gas

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4
Q

How far is the sun from the earth?

A

150 million kilometres

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5
Q

How much bigger is the diameter of the sun than the earth?

A

110 times

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6
Q

Define an ‘orbit’

A

The path that a planet travels in around the sun.

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7
Q

How far is the moon from the earth?

A

384 400km

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8
Q

What is the solar system.

A

The sun and all the objects that move around it.

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9
Q

What do you need to survive on the moon?

A

Air, warmth, water and food.

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10
Q

What shape is the moon?

A

The moon is a sphere.

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11
Q

The earth is made of different layers. What are they?

A

Outermost = crust;
mantle;
outer core,
inner core

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12
Q

What is the crust made up of?

A

Rocks, soil, seabed

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13
Q

What is the mantle made up of?

A

Hard rock, moulten rock, solid rock

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14
Q

What is the outer core made up of?

A

Super-heated moulten lava

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15
Q

What is the inner core made up of?

A

It is solid: mostly iron with some other metals

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16
Q

What is most of the surface of the earth covered with?

A

Water (oceans and seas)

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17
Q

What is the earth also known as?

A

The Blue Planet

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18
Q

Why do we have a leap year every 4 years?

A

Because it actually is 365.25 days in a year

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19
Q

What is a geoid?

A

The Geoid is the shape that the surface of the oceans would take under the influence of Earth’s gravity and rotation alone, in the absence of other influences such as winds and tides.

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20
Q

What creates the earth’s magnetic field?

A

Lava containing nickel and iron

See: http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=64

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21
Q

The earth is the ___ largest planet.

A

Fifth largest planet

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22
Q

What is the earth’s moon called?

A

A satellite

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23
Q

What is the imaginary line called that separates the north and south hemisphere?

A

Equator

24
Q

What is the imaginary line called that the earth rotates around?

A

Axis

25
Q

The earth _____s around the sun.

A

Orbits or rotates

26
Q

What does spherical mean?

A

Round

27
Q

What is the earth mainly made up of?

A

Rock and soil.

28
Q

What is a planet made up of?

A

Large balls of mainly rock or cold gas

29
Q

What is a star made up of?

A

Balls of burning gas.

30
Q

What is the light from stars?

A

Burning gas.

31
Q

What is the light from planets?

A

Light reflected from the sun.

32
Q

What is difference about the light one sees from a star or a planet?

A

Stars seem to twinkle and planets give a steady light.

33
Q

What is a pattern of stars in the sky called?

A

A constellation.

34
Q

Name one constellation.

A

Orion,
Southern Cross
Scorpio
Cancer

35
Q

What does the surface of the moon look like?

A

Rocky

36
Q

What are the bumps on the moon called?

A

Mountains

37
Q

What are the dents on the moon called?

A

Craters

38
Q

Why does nothing live on the moon?

A

There is no liquid or air.

39
Q

What did scientists recently find on the moon?

A

They found ICE on the moon.

40
Q

What is a fully bright round moon called?

A

Full moon

41
Q

What is a fully dark moon called?

A

New moon

42
Q

Why is a moon sometimes not fully round and bright?

A

There is a shadow on it from the earth.

43
Q

When the bright section of the moon is growing bigger it is called:

A

Waxing

44
Q

When the bright section of the moon is growing smaller it is called:

A

Waning

45
Q

Is Pluto a planet?

A

No - it is a dwarf planet - along with Ceres , Haumea, Makemake, and Eris

46
Q

What gasses do stars mainly contain?

A

Hydrogen and Helium

47
Q

What colour are Large stars, Medium stars, and Smaller stars?

A

Large = White;
Medium (our sun) = Yellow;
Small = Red

48
Q

The sun is at the centre of our:

A

Solar system

49
Q

The earth ____s around the sun.

A

The earth orbits around the sun.

50
Q

Which planet has rings around?

A

Saturn

51
Q

Why does the moon shine?

A

It reflects the sun.

52
Q

The changing pattern of sunlight on the moon is called?

A

Phases of the moon.

53
Q

The phases of the moon repeat every how many days?

A

29 and a half (29.5) days.

54
Q

Why does a rocket need so much energy?

A

To get it moving fast enough to escape the earth’s gravity. (And visit MatthewF)

55
Q

What are the “things” taken into space in a rocket called?

A

The payload.

56
Q

What is the energy process to put a rocket into space?

A

Input energy: Stored in the fuel;
Process: Fuel is burned and hot gasses shoot out the bottom of the rocket;
Output energy: Fast upward movement energy.

Natural Science Grade 4 Collier-Reed (4 decks)

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