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Earth and Life Science > EARTH > Flashcards

EARTH Flashcards

It is by far the only planet known to man that can sustain life.

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1
Q

it is by far the only planet known to man that can sustain life

A

EARTH

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2
Q

the cataclysmic expansion hurled all matter and created space

A

BIG BANG THEORY

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3
Q

According to the Big Bang Theory, the universe formed approximately

A

13.7 billion years ago

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4
Q

cooling of the debris allowed the formation of the simplest atoms which are

A

hydrogen and helium

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5
Q

explains an alternative solution to the question of the beginnings and endings of our universe

A

Model of an
Oscillating Universe

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6
Q

explains that there is a continuous creation of matter which is observable as the expansion of the universe

A

Steady State Theory

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7
Q

This part of the earth’s system is the planet’s water, including oceans, lakes, rivers, groundwater, ice, and water vapor.

A

Hydrosphere

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8
Q

states that the formation of the universe never stopped and is continuously making other different universes (multiverses)

A

The Eternal Inflation

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9
Q

balls of glowing gases

A

Stars

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10
Q

It started from the collection of dust and other particles along with the formation of the sun.

A

Our planet

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11
Q

This part includes the crust, mantle , and inner and outer cores.

A

Geosphere

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12
Q

This sphere includes all living things, including plants, animals, and other organisms.

A

Biosphere

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13
Q

This is a subset of the hydrosphere that consists of frozen water like glaciers and icebergs.

A

Cryosphere

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14
Q

This sphere includes the mixture of gases that surround the planet. This sphere protects us from the UV rays from the sun.

A

Atmosphere

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15
Q

It is the whole cosmic
system of matter and
energy.

A

Universe

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16
Q

The Greek Philosopher ANAXAGORAS believe that the original state of the cosmos was a primordial mixture of
all of its ingredients, which existed in infinitesimally small fragments of
themselves.

A

Promordial Universe

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17
Q

The Stoic Philosopher of ancient Greece believed that the universe is like a GIANT LIVING BODY, with its leading part is being the stars and the sun in which parts are interconnected.

A

Stoic Universe Theory

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18
Q

matter on the large scale uniformly
distributed and the universe is
gravitionally balanced but
essentially unstable.

A

Static or Newtonian
Universe

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19
Q

The French Philosopher Rene
Descartes outlined a model of the
universe with many of the
characteristics of Newton’s static,
infinite universe.

A

Cartesian Vortex universe

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20
Q

His model involved a system of huge
swirling whirlpools of fine matter
producing what would later be
called

A

gravitational effects

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21
Q

The Big Bang Theory was formulated by

A

Abbe George Lemaitre

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22
Q

The model of the universe
assumed by Albert Einstein in the
theory of gravity was not
dissimilar to Newton’s in that it
was static, dynamically stable
universe, which was neither
expanding or contracting. But
later abandoned this theory when
Hubble in 1929 showed that the
universe was not static.

A

Einsteinian Universe

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23
Q

A presentation of an idea, an object, or even a
process that is used to describe and explain a phenomenon
that cannot be experienced directly.

A

MODEL

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24
Q

Which EARTH places at the
center of the solar system.

A

Geocentric Model by Claudius Ptolemy

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25
Q

Which SUN places at the
center of the solar system.

A

Helocentric Model by Nicolaus Copernicus

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26
Q

They presumes that the Solar
System began as a cloud of
dispersed interstellar gas
called

A

Nebula

27
Q

They proposed that a star
passed close enough to the
sun, creating huge tides and
causing materials to be
ejected.

A

The Planetesimal

28
Q

was a variation of the planetesimal
concept.

A

Tidal theory

29
Q

the dense area of the nebula and the gaseous matter
surrounding ceased to rotate uniformly.

A

Protoplanet Theory

30
Q

slows down
chemical reaction and produces
ice that makes liquid water
unavailable.

A

LOW TEMPERATURE

30
Q

under the influence of turbulence and tidal action, the nebula
broke into whirlpools of gas within rotating mas called.

A

protoplanet

31
Q

can cause
breakdown of important
biological molecules.

A

HIGH TEMPERATURE

32
Q

is a table and long-lasting
star

A

Sun

33
Q

traps heat, shields the surface
from harmful radiation, and
provides chemicals needed
for life, such as nitrogen and
carbon dioxide.

A

Atmosphere

34
Q

All living things required

A

Water

35
Q

Used to build and maintain an
organism’s body.

A

NUTRIENTS

36
Q

A mineral should be made by natural processes without the aid of any organism.

A

NATURALLY OCCURRING

37
Q

A mineral should not come from the remains of organisms.

A

INORGANIC

38
Q

A mineral must possess uniformity in its chemical composition

A

HAS A DEFINITE COMPOSITION

39
Q

A mineral should occur in the solid state.

A

HOMOGENOUS SOLID

40
Q

A crystalline material has elemental components arranged in an ordered fashion.

A

HAS AN ORDERED INTERNAL/ CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE

41
Q

HAS AN ORDERED INTERNAL/ CRYSTALLINE STRUCTURE

A

PLUTONIC ROCKS

42
Q

have mineral grains difficult to be identified with the naked eye.

A

VOLCANIC ROCKS

43
Q

Series of sedimentary processes are the following: weathering, erosion, transport, deposition and diagenesis

A

rocks from sediments

44
Q

The processes of transforming rocks took place in the solid state. Hence, no melting nor breaking down happens during metamorphism.

A

transformed rocks

45
Q

the breaking down of rocks physically or chemically.

A

Weathering

46
Q

the process of eating away rocks from their source.

A

Erosion

47
Q

the movement of the sediments from one place to another.

A

Transport

48
Q

the settling of the sediments in an area before they are finally lithified to form sedimentary rocks

A

Deposition

49
Q

the group of processes responsible for the transformation of sediment into sedimentary rocks

A

Diagenesis

50
Q

is the downslope process of transporting bodies from a higher elevation to a lower one

A

MASS WASTING

51
Q

are responsible for most of the changes we see on the surface of the earth

A

EXOGENIC PROCESSES

52
Q

occurs at rates with changes instantaneously visible to a viewer.

A

RAPID MASS WASTING

53
Q

is the activity of expulsion of lava and other related materials

A

VOLCANISM

54
Q

are processes that operate inside Earth

A

Endogenic Processes

55
Q

When two units collide, the highest compressive stress is experienced by the ones closest to the contacts.

A

COMPRESSION

56
Q

A unit experiencing tension is similar to a rope being pulled from both sides.

A

TENSION

57
Q

Rocks undergoing shear stress slide past each other along the plane of contact.

A

SHEAR

58
Q

are evidence of ductile deformation of rocks

A

FOLDS

59
Q

are brittle deformation features in rocks that show evidence of movement

A

FAULTS

60
Q

COMPRESS

A

Convergent

61
Q

DIVERGE

A

Divergent

62
Q

SLIDING PAST EACHOTHER``

A

Earth and Life Science (1 decks)

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