Early Settlement - 1835-62 Flashcards
How many states existed in 1835
13
What is it like in the plateaux region
Mainly desert, water can be trapped here, this lead to the forming of the Great Salt Lake
What is it like to live on the plains
Huge, Flat areas of grass
What is it like in the rocky mountains and the Appalachian mountains
Areas created with little rain, droughts but heavy snowy winters
How many horses did the Sioux own
3.5k
What were the goods of horses to Indians
travel the plains, hunt buffalo on them, battles
What were the plains Indians opinion on land
not bought or owned or sold by anyone
How was respect gained in the plains Indians culture
fighting other tribes
What was heavily ingrained in Indian culture
warfare
Who would farm in indian culture
Women
Who would collect food in indian culture
women
Who would hunt buffalo and who would make them into food
Men hunt, Women make into food
What were buffalo bones used for
tools and weaponary
what were buffalo sinews used for
making ropes and bow strings
What were buffalo skins used for
Wool, clothing, shoes, harnesses and tipis
what was the buffalo bladder used for
food bags
Why were Indians nomadic on the plains
So they could follow the buffalo herds
What did Indians see the buffalo as from god
a great gift
What did Indians do with the buffalo heart
Cut out and left to create new life, sometimes eaten to give power of the buffalo
What was a tipi
a house hat could be dismantled and taken somewhere else
Who was a tipi ideal for
nomadic indians
Who owned the tipis and made/dismanteled them
women
How many tipis were there per family
1
How long did a tipi take to dimantle
10 minutes
What did the Sioux do on their tipis to show bravery
they made geometric patterns on them
What material was used onto tipis to make them warmer in the winter
earth
Why were there 2 ears on the top of the tipis
to allow fire from cooking to exit the home
How many buffalo skins were used to make a tipi
10-20
finish the sentence: A frame of _______ poles arranged in a ______ made tipi
wooden, circle
What was another name for the Great Spirit
Wakan Tanka
Where were spirits found
in all living things
What shape was very important to the indians
circle
Why was high land important to the indians
they were closer to the spirit world
What land was very sacred to the Sioux and why was it important to them
The black hills of Dakota, because they believe that was where they originated
Why were tipis round
important shape to Indians being the circle
How did Indians contact the spirit world
through vision
How did indian boys gain their adult names
They went to a sweat lodge, a tipi where air was heated, pray and fast for a days. They then contacted the spirit world and the name they saw was their name
Why were dances important to the indians
they believed it was a way of reaching the spirit world
What was another name for a medicine man to Indians
Shaman
What were Indians attitudes to land
They were part of land, land could not be owned by one person
What was the Sun Dance
Most important ceremony of the year, Fasted for 8 days and then danced, skewers attached to skin until ripped off, contacting spirits through vision
Who competed the sun dance
men
Why would Indians go to war
Hatred of enemies, Steal resources (horses), Give people bravery an increase status
How big were attacks
small scalled (rarely large scalled)
What time of year were attacks
Summer
What was the warrior brotherhood
A group in the tribe who trained youths to become warriors in tribal army
What was most important to Indians in war:
Running back when nearly defeated
or
Trying to kill everyone but die
Running back to safety
What was scalping
Removing the scalp of your worst enemy to prevent their spirit reaching the happy hunting grounds
What was heaven called to indians
Happy Hunting Grounds
what were scalps used for
decoration
What was the most common weapon to Indians
Bow and arrows
What wepons were made from buffalo hide
Spears, War clubs, knives, shields
What was a tomahawk
a light weight axe
Why was it hard to use a musket in wars
difficult on horsebacks
What was buffalo dung used for
Smoking
What was buffalo tough used for
a hairbrush
When was the economic deppression
1837
Why did people want to leave the east (Push Factors)
Overcrowding, Crops dying, Food dying, Cost of living increasing, Lack of jobs
Why did people want to travel to the west (Pull Factors)
Fruit Everywhere, Oregon good for farming, Rumours of paradise, Gold
Who is Joseph Smith
Founder of the Mormons
What did he claim happened to Joseph Smith at night
god/angels met him
Which angel met Joseph Smith one night
Angel of Moroni
Where did the Mormons first set up
Kirtland, Ohio
What years were the Mormons in Kirtland, Ohio
1831-1837
Mormons bought land in Kirtland, Ohio, but what did they build on that land
Homes, a Store, a temple, a mill, a printing press and a bank
The Mormons were very _____
prosperous
What happened to the Mormon Bank in 1837
due to Economic depression in 1837, bank failed
Why did the Mormon bank fail in 1837
Economic depression 1837
Why did people want the Mormons to leave Kirtland, Ohio
Became jealous of their success, outnumbering them, savings lost from failed bank
What happened to the Mormons in 1837
they were kicked out of Kirtland, Ohio
Where did the Mormons travel to in 1837 after Kirtland, Ohio
Missouri
How long were the Mormons in missouri
1 year, 1837-1838