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WHAP > Early River Valley/Neolithic Revolution Quiz > Flashcards

Early River Valley/Neolithic Revolution Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Meaning of Mesopotamia

A

“between two rivers”

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2
Q

3 main Mesopotamian civilizations

A

North: Assyria
Central Region: Babylonia
South: Sumer

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3
Q

Modern-day location of Mesopotamia

A

Modern-Day IRAQ

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4
Q

Script used in Mesopotamian writing

A

Cuneiform

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5
Q

2 things Sumerians kept records of

A

Distribution of Barley among temple workers; Information (e.g. temple activities)

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6
Q

Define a pictograph

A

early form of writing where a picture represented a word or phrase

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7
Q

Sumerians (Mesopotamians) = monotheistic OR polytheistic

A

Polytheistic, they worshipped many gods

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8
Q

2 Mesopotamian gods and what they were gods of

A

Ea (Enki) is the god of fresh waters known as “apsu”, wisdom, farming, building, magic, and arts and crafts

Ellil (Enlil) is the most important Mesopotamian god (think Zeus) and is the father of many other important gods, god of earth and air

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9
Q

Who was Hammurabi and why was his code so important

A

A priest king who ruled Babylon for 43 years, it is the best-preserved legal document reflecting the social structure of Babylon during his rule

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10
Q

How many laws did Hammurabi’s code have

A

282 Laws in total

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11
Q

Rule of thumb for Hammurabi’s code

A

“An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth”

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12
Q

Explain Hammurabi’s code

A

based on ancient idea called lex talionis, a.k.a. the law of retribution

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13
Q

Type of land present on the banks of the Nile, importance

A

“black land” on the banks of the Nile due to a layer of rich, black silt deposited after continuous flooding of the Nile; allowed farmers to grow crops annually

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14
Q

Geography helping Egypt, explain

A

Egypt had 2 barren deserts on 2 sides, known as “red land”. Harsh environments stopped invading armies and provided a natural barrier.

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15
Q

Two kingdoms in Egypt (ruled by pharaoh)

A

Lower and Upper Egypt

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16
Q

Name of ancient Egyptian scripts

A

hieroglyphics, medu netjer, hieratic, sekh shat

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17
Q

Name of people that wrote Ancient Egyptian scripts

A

Scribes

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18
Q

Importance of scribes to us today

A

They recorded the beliefs, history, and ideas of the ancient Egyptians into papyrus scrolls that still exist today

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19
Q

Explain the Rosetta Stone

A

A stone with Egyptian and Greek languages and 3 scripts written on it. It led to the deciphering of hieroglyphics by Jean-François Champollion in 1822

20
Q

Egyptians = monotheistic OR polytheistic

A

polytheistic, worshipped many gods

21
Q

Why did the ancient Egyptians feel it was important to worship gods…

A

In order to keep life running smoothly and free of chaos and disorder

22
Q

3 scripts that descended from the Phoenician alphabet

A

Arabic, Hebrew, Latin

23
Q

Importance of ancient writing to historians

A

Allowed for a way to extend human memory and make it immortal by imprinting it into eternal forms of media

24
Q

Modern-day location of the Indus River Valley

A

Modern-day AFGHANISTAN, PAKISTAN, AND INDIA

25
Q

2 accomplishments of the people of the Indus River Valley

A

Sophisticated drainage systems, wells, and water storage systems

26
Q

Why do we know more about Mesopotamia and Egypt than we do about the Indus River Valley…

A

Egyptian and Mesopotamian scripts have been deciphered by historians while scripts from the Indus River Valley have yet to be deciphered

27
Q

Why was the Huang He river important to the ancient Chinese…

A

It’s banks stood as the “metropolis” of China through the Xia, Shang, and Tang Dynasty. This area was the political, economic, and cultural center of China for about 25 centuries.

28
Q

Why do the Chinese call themselves the “children of the yellow river”…

A

The Yellow River drainage basin was the birthplace of the Chinese civilization, the Chinese civilization began on the banks of the Yellow river

29
Q

Explain a dynasty

A

A dynasty is a family of rulers

30
Q

How did the Mandate of Heaven affect the dynasties

A

It stated that a dynasty could be replaced, and therefore justified rebellion. (The gods chose the rulers, so their support was necessary)

31
Q

Confucian’s belief on achieving peace and order in a society

A

Everyone had a proper role in society, if everyone was willing to accept it and fulfill it, peace and order could be achieved

32
Q

Who used Confucian guidelines?

A

During his lifetime they weren’t widely accepted, but within 100 years of his death the emperor was using it to help him rule China

33
Q

Difference between the Phoenician alphabet and the Chinese alphabet

A

Chinese alphabet uses a logogram, where a symbol represents a whole meaning or word. The Phoenician alphabet uses a collection of symbols (letters) to form a whole meaning or word (like the English alphabet)

34
Q

Name of the first Chinese Dynasty to write

A

The Shang Dynasty is the first we have written evidence for

35
Q

of people typically in a nomadic group

A

20-30 people

36
Q

Jobs of males and females in nomadic groups

A

Males- Hunting game animals

Females- Gathering fruit, berries, and other edibles

37
Q

What happened around 10,000 B.C.

A

Humans began to cultivate crops and domesticate animals

38
Q

Shift from hunting and gathering to agriculture led to…

A

Permanent settlements, establishment of social classes, and the rise of civilizations

39
Q

Result of people starting to farm and domesticate animals

A

Permanent Settlements

40
Q

Who ran villages…

A

By a council of elders composed of the heads’ of each family or one Chief Elder

41
Q

What occurred during war…

A

Scarce resources = war … some men gained stature as “great warriors” and would eventually become the village leaders

42
Q

Determined a person’s social class

A

By their respective job or work they did in society

43
Q

Describe New Technologies

A

Calendars to keep track of planting and harvesting, Metal tools such as plows to help do jobs … Metal weapons to protect valuable resources

44
Q

Agriculture allowed humans to develop…

A

Permanent Settlements, Social Classes, and New Technologies

45
Q

Where were most early settlements…

A

In the fertile valleys of the Nile, Tigris-Euphrates, Yellow, and Indus Rivers

WHAP (1 decks)

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