Early Music1 Flashcards
Name 3 types of early polyphony
Parallel: voices move same direction with constant intervals
Mixed: uses parallels obliques and contraries
Free one voice sings the chant and othe sings parallel contrary or similar motion
Which types of chants were utilitarian
Recitation tones (monofonicos)
Which types of chants were Melodic?
Anthiphon
Psalms
Hymns estrofica
Which types of chants were Virtuosic?
Sequences
Allergies
Responsory
Graduals
what’s the difference between divine office and the mass?
Divine office: oraviones a lo largo del dia, forma de oracion comunitaria
Mass: most important liturgical act of the church, commemorate passion death and resurrection of Jesus
What’s a Claudulae?
It is a section inserted into extensive works such as the organum that gives rhythmic and contrasting diversity.
What’s aquitanian polyphony?
A musical style developed in south France in aquitanian region in 12th century
Name 3 types of aquitanian polyphony
Diacant
Florid/ melismatic Organum
Contrapunctus
Describe distant type in Aquitanian polyphony
Similar rhythm with 3rd and 6th intervals
Wich type of aquitanian polyphony has more independence among voices and variety of rhythms?
Contrapunctus
Aquitanian polyphony type in which superior voice is ornamented and melismathyc while inferior is easier and stable?
Florid/ melismatic organum
How is aquitanian polyphony different from the earlier formulas?
Melodic independence
Notation and rhythm
Creative freedom
Name two major features of Notre Dame polyphony
Rhythmic modes
Written for 3 or 4 voices
Name 3 types of Notre dame polyphony
Distant
Organum
Copula
Describe discant type in Notre Dame polyphony
Voices move in 3rd and 6th intervals parallel
Describe organum type in Notre Dame polyphony
Tenor (tenere voice) keeps long notes and superior voices sing ornamented melodies (hssta 4 voces)
Describe copula type in Notre Dame polyphony
Intermedia entre organum y discant, superior voices are faster and melismatic while tenor keeps long notes
Difference between aquitanian and Notre Dame polyphony notation
Aquitanian- neumatic notation
Notre Dame- modal notation, more structured and rhythm precise
Difference between troubadors/ trouvères front liturgical chant?
troubadors- vernacular language love, courtly and social lyrics while liturgical with text from Bible
trouvères- used to perform in court and secular settings while liturgical chant was performed in church and monasteries
Similarities between troubadors/ trouvères front liturgical chant?
Monotonic texture
Melodic modes
Why were troubadors / trouvères and liturgical chant similar?
Cultural and musical heritage
Educational influence
Transmission of musical ideas
Kyrie Gloria Credo Sanctus and agnus dei are parts from
Ordinary Mass
Name the partos of proper mass
Introitus
Gradual
Alleluia
Ofertorio
Communion
How were trops elaborated?
More:
Text
Notes
Polyphonic settings
What’s a prosula?
Is a kind of trope that has new words and melismatic sections added to preexisting chants
Marian antiphons?
Salve Regina
Ave Regina
Regina coeli
Alma redemtoris
Why were more chants added through the 12 th century?
- liturgical development
- influence from Notre Dame in Paris monasteries
- devotion to Virgin Mary
Name other additions to chant repertoire
Motets
Conductus
Sequences
Marian antiphons
Name other additions to chant repertoire
Motets
Conductus
Sequences
Marian antiphons
