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set 7 Social Studies 7 > Early Explorers and Colonies > Flashcards

Early Explorers and Colonies Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the first country to create colonies in the “new world”?

A

Spain

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2
Q

What is a colony?

A

an area that is taken over and controlled (governed) by a stronger country

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3
Q

What were Spanish explorers who defeated the indiginous population took over land in the “New World” called?

A

Conquistadors

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4
Q

These were set up by priests and monks so that they could convert the indiginous people to the Christian religion

A

Missions

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5
Q

What does the word CONVERT mean?

A

to change from one thing to another.

In this unit the word is used when we talk about Europeans trying to get indiginous people to change thier religion.

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6
Q

This series of wars connected Europe with trade routes in the Middle East and Asia increasing peoples desire for travel and trading.

A

Crusades

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7
Q

What is another word for Native American?

A

Indiginous- these are people who were original to the area.

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8
Q

What country developed the first LAND trade route to Asia?

A

Italy

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9
Q

A large farm which grew crops for sale and mainly used enslaved workers.

A

Plantation

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10
Q

Spanish law/ruling that gave settlers land in New Spain and to force indiginous people to pay taxes and work for free

A

Encomienda

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11
Q

A system of LIVING things moving between the Eastern and Western Hemisphere.

A

Columbian Exchange

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12
Q

What country had the first all water trade route to Asia?

A

Portugal

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13
Q

What was the most destructive living item brought to the “New World” by Spanish explorers?

A

Diseases

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14
Q

Why were the Spanish conquistadors able to defeat the indigenous population easily?

A

The Spanish had:

  • horses the indigenous people had never seen
  • metal “explosive” weapons such guns and cannons
  • illnesses such as the flu and smallpox
  • the indiginous people thought they might be gods and didn’t want to fight at first.
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15
Q

Where were the Spanish Colonies located?

A
  • Most of South America
  • Mexico and Central America
  • Florida and the Southwest of the current U.S.A.
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16
Q

Where were the French Colonies located?

A
  • Present day Canada
  • Around the Hudson and St. Lawrence River
  • Along the Mississippi River in the center of the United States
17
Q

What were the 3 main goals of the Spanish Colonies?

A

Gold

Glory

God

18
Q

What were the 2 main ways the French Colonies produced wealth?

A
  • Fish (gathered and sold in Europe)
  • Fur Trade (especially beaver furs- waterproof!)
19
Q

What were the explorers paid by the French government looking for?

A

The Northwest Passage

20
Q

What was the Northwest Passage?

A
  • Most of Europe believed that there was a water route that could take them through North America so that they could sail quickly around the world and get to Asia.
  • They looked for rivers and lakes which connected and would let them sail through the continent
  • The French looked the hardest.
  • It did not exist.
21
Q

Which nation did their best to trade fairly with the indigenous population?

A

France

22
Q

Which nation enslaved the indigenous population and used them to farm sugar cane?

A

Spain

23
Q

Which nation forced the indigenous population to change their religion to Christianity?

A

Spain

24
Q

Which nation learned how to hunt and trap from the indigenous population?

A

France

25
Q

Which nation had the highest rate of marriage with the indigenous population?

A

France

26
Q

Which nation accidentally brought germs and diseases to the “New World”?

A

Both Spain and France

27
Q

Which nation stole huge amounts of land from the indigenous population?

A

Spain

28
Q

Which nation had a fairly friendly relationship with the indigenous population?

A

France

29
Q

What was the main goal of colonies created by all European countries?

A

to make a profit (wealth) for the mother country.

30
Q

What is a mother country?

A

A country that owns and controls a colony.

31
Q
A

set 7 Social Studies 7 (4 decks)

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