Early Chick and Pig Development Flashcards
Six big model organisms
Caenorhabditis elegans
Drosophila melanogaster
Brachydanio rerio
Xenopus laevis
Gallus domestica
Mus muculus
This is the area in the blastoderm that undergoes rapid division giving rise to the cells of the embryo later on.
Area pellucida
During the stage of early chick development, cells from the posterior margin of the area pellucida condense and form what structure?
Primitive streak
The formation of the primitive streak from the area pellucida plays what role in the early chick embryo development?
- establishment of the bilateral symmetry
- initiation of gastrulation
In the stage 4 of chick formation, cells at the anterior end of the primitive streak condense and form what structure?
Hensen’s node
Functioning as organizer of cell fate and patterning during gastrulation, the Hensen node is equivalent to what structure that appears in the development in amphibian embryo?
Spemman-Mangold organizer
This process initiates neurolation in early chick embryo
Head fold formation
This structure develops from the outgrowth of the embryonic hindgut.
Allantois/Allantoic vesicle
This pair of blood vessels carried blood between the embryo and the yolk sac.
Vitelline veins
This primordial structure gives rise parts of the inner ear.
Otocyst
What are the four extra embryonic membranes in vertebrates?
Amnion, yolk sac, allantois, and chorion
This structure refers to single reproductive cell in unfertilized chick eggs.
Germinal disc/Blastodisc
outermost extra embryonic membrane which allows gas exchange
chorion
Differentiate the blastoderm and blastodisc in appearance
Blastodisc - small white
Blastoderm - bullseye appearance
When fertilized, the blastodisc forms a structure called?
the blastoderm
Extraembryonic membrane that provides food
yolk sac
Encases embryo in fluid-filled cavity and provides protection from mechanical shock
amnion
Contains excreted wastes form the embryo
allantois
vascular membrane that formed from the fusion of allantois and chorion
chorioallantoic membrane (CAM)
Blood vessel formation in the CAM is attributed to
vasculogenesis, and angiogenesis
In CAM assay, this refers to the number of branch points per capillary segment
Branch point density
BP in a blood vessel segment/length of blood vessel segment
Distance between each branch point
intercapillary distance
suspend yolk at the center of the egg
Chalazae
The air cell is located at which side of the egg
blunt end
What are the three brain regions visible in a 33-hour chick embryo
prosencephalon (forebrain), mesencephalon (midbrain),
Rhombencephalon (hindbrain)
Prosencephalon which will develop into the forebrain is composed of what structures?
Telencephalon and diancephalon
The rhombencephalon which will develop into the hindbrain is composed of which structures?
Metencephalon and myelencephalon
Is the highly developed anterior part of the prosencephalon (forebrain) which will give rise to the cerebral cortex
telencephalon
Connects the midbrain to the rest of forebrain
diencephalon
is the large round bulb that is at the top of the head in the embryo
mesencephalon
is the thin part behind the midbrain
metencephalon
will give rise to the cerebellum, pons, and medulla
myelencephalon
