Early America

Question 1

Precedents

Answer 1

George Washington set many standards as president that other presidents followed. Examples: a cabinet of advisers, not being treated like royalty, being called Mr. President, serving for only two four-year terms

Question 2

Federalists

Answer 2

Political party based on the ideas of Alexander Hamilton. Wanted a strong Federal government and a focus on manufacturing. Had positive views toward the wealthy and England.

Question 3

Republicans

Answer 3

Political party based on the ideas of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Wanted strong state governments and a focus on small farmers. Had less positive views toward the wealthy and England.

Question 4

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 4

When small farmers in western Pennsylvania revolted against the government’s Whiskey Tax, a Federalist plan which was meant to raise money for the Federal government. Washington led the army against the rebellion.

Question 5

Washington’s Letter to the Jews of Newport, Rhode Island

Answer 5

A letter from George Washington where he promised the Jews of Newport that they were welcome in America and that the government would give “to bigotry no sanction…to persecution no assistance.”

Question 6

Slavery and the early presidents

Answer 6

Presidents Washington, Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe all owned slaves (they were all from Virginia). Only Washington released his slaves in his will.

Question 7

Election of 1796

Answer 7

First truly contested election in US history. Federalist John Adams defeated Republican Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson became vice president (runner up became VP until after the election of 1800).

Question 8

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 8

Passed by John Adams. These Acts made it easier to remove foreigners from the US and harder for foreigners to vote. Acts also made it illegal to publicly criticize the US government (this is against the First Amendment to the Constitution).

Question 9

Election of 1800

Answer 9

First election where power changed from one party to another. The Republican Thomas Jefferson defeated the Federalist John Adams and the Republican Aaron Burr in a controversial election.

Question 10

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 10

Thomas Jefferson purchased the Louisiana Territory from the French leader Napoleon Bonaparte for about four cents an acre. This doubled the size of the US. Debatable whether this purchase was allowed by the Constitution.

Question 11

Corps of Discovery

Answer 11

Expedition to explore the west organized by President Jefferson. Led by Merriweather Lewis, William Clark, and the Native American guide Sacajawea.

Question 12

John Marshall

Answer 12

Supreme Court Chief Justice whose decision in the case Marbury v. Madison gave the Supreme Court the power to declare laws unconstitutional.

Question 13

Judicial Review

Answer 13

The name for the Supreme Court’s ability to declare laws unconstitutional.

Question 14

War of 1812

Answer 14

War between the US and Great Britain during James Madison’s presidency. The war was a draw. During the war the White House was burned down and Francis Scott Key wrote the Star Spangled Banner about the British bombing of Fort McHenry in Baltimore. New England Federalists considered seceding during the war. America emerged from the war a more united country.

Question 15

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 15

Policy from President James Monroe and his secretary of State John Quincy Adams that said Europe should not interfere in the affairs of North and South America.

Question 16

Samuel Slater

Answer 16

British factory worker who illegally brought the British factory system to the US.

Question 17

Urbanization

Answer 17

Increased popularity of cities during the era of industrialization.

Question 18

Company Towns

Answer 18

Company-owned towns like Lowell, Massachusetts centered around a factory, where workers would live, work, shop, and go to school.

Question 19

Steam Engine

Answer 19

Major invention that impacted industrialization

Question 20

American System

Answer 20

An expanding system of roads, canals, and other means of transportation that some in the US government favored in the 1800’s. It was meant to help the growth of American businesses and American westward expansion.

Question 21

Turnpikes

Answer 21

Private roads created by private companies. People had to pay to use these roads.

Question 22

Canals

Answer 22

Artificial rivers that helped connect America. The Erie Canal better connected New York City with upstate New York and the Midwest.

Question 23

Steamboats

Answer 23

Boats powered by steam popularized by Robert Fulton and his steamboat, the Clermont.

Question 24

Railroads

Answer 24

Started in the early 1800’s. The first commercially successful railroad was the Baltimore & Ohio.

Question 25

Eli Whitney

Answer 25

Inventor of the cotton gin, which made cotton much more economical to produce, greatly expanding southern slavery. He also popularized interchangeable parts, which contributed to the growth of northern manufacturing.

Question 26

What are two events or developments in early America that you think pleased the Federalists? What are two events or developments that you think pleased the Republicans? 4 sentences

Answer 26

Hamilton, when Jefferson resigned. Jefferson, Adams didnt go to war with british which federalist really wanted,

Question 27

What was the industrial revolution and what were three examples of industrialization in America between 1790 and 1830? Your answer should be four sentences.

Answer 27

Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which began in Britain in the late 1700s, manufacturing was often done in people’s homes, using hand tools or basic machines. Industrialization marked a shift to powered, special-purpose machinery, factories and mass production. The steam engine was created and used as a key part of transportation. the modern factory helped america economically. Dynamite was created and used to break rocks. prior to using dynamite they used gunpowder which then they called black powder. dynamite is way more effective and also used in the army today.

Question 28

3. ) What are three ways the War of 1812 impacted America. Also include a sentence describing the following about the war:
   - What countries fought in the war?
   - What was the result of the war?
   - Which US president declared war?

Answer 28

Federalists consider conceding from America since their political party is somewhat failing, The United States suffered many costly defeats-including DC being burned down, Francis scott key writes Star Spangled Banner about Americans holding on to the Fort McHenry in Baltimore.