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Head and Neck Microbiology > Ear Infections > Flashcards

Ear Infections Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is otitis media?

A
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2
Q

Epidemiology of otitis media?

A

Common in pediatric populations

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3
Q

Signs and symptoms of otitis media?

A
  1. Presents with middle ear fluid, hearing loss
  2. Ear pain
  3. rubbing of the ear
  4. mild bulging of tympanic membrane
  5. intense erythema of the tympanic membrane
  6. fever
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4
Q

Complicatiosn of otitis media?

A

suppurative intracranial infection and CSOM

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5
Q

Risk factors for otitis media?

A

Age 6-12 months, 5-6 years
Family history
Day care
Tobacco smoke and air pollution
Pacifier use
Limited resource

Note: Breastfeeding reduces the risk of AOM

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6
Q

Aetiology of otitis media?

A

Streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi), or Morexalla catarrhalis
In the era of vaccines , serotypes have changed for AOM
GAS, S. aureus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, E.coli and viruses like RSV, rhinoviruses and enteroviruses

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7
Q

Pathogenesis of otitis media?

A
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8
Q

Treatment of otitis media?

A
  1. Manage the pain
    Analgesics with or without myringotomy
  2. Antimicrobials
    Reduce complications
    Reduce time to resolution
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9
Q

Complications of otitis media?

A

Hearing loss
Balance and motor problems
Perforation
Myringosclerosis
CSOM
Mastoiditis
Intracranial complications like meningitis, epidural abscesses and brain abscesses

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10
Q

What is otitis externa?

A

AKA swimmer’s ear refers to inflammation of the external auditory canal
10% of people develop during their lifetime

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11
Q

Pathogenesis of otitis externa?

A

Tragus and conchal cartilage help prevent foreign body
Hair follicles and the isthmus
Cerumen helps create an acidic canal environment

Breakdown of skin-cerumen in the first step in the pathogenesis

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12
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

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13
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

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14
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

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15
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

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16
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

16
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

16
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

16
Q

Risk factors of otitis media?

A

Swimming
Trauma, cotton swabs
Devices
Allergic contact dermatitis
Dermatologic conditions e,g psoriasis
Prior radiation

17
Q

Management of otitis externa?

A
18
Q

Management of otitis externa?

A

Clinical features: pain, discharge, pruritus, oedema, tympanic membrane erythema
Rapid onset withing 48 hrs
Cultures: swabs of within external canal
Reserved for specific patients

Head and Neck Microbiology (5 decks)

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