EAR

Question 1

Ear Anatomy

memorize the photo

Answer 1

insert AIr anatomy photo

Question 2

Functions of the ears

Air conduction

Answer 2

sounds waves move the hair cells in the organ of corti and nerve fibers transmit the impuse to auditory nerve

Question 3

Bone conduction

Answer 3

sound waves transmitted thru mastoid bone to inner ear

• goes directly to inner ear bypassing external and middle ear

Question 4

Equillibrium

Semicircular canals

Answer 4

alert brain to rotational movement

Question 5

vestibule

Answer 5

alert brain to gravational movement

Question 6

functions of the middle ear

Insert anatomy photo here

Answer 6

• ossicles- 3 small bones
• HAS
• Hammer( malleus)-anvil( incus)-stapes( stirrup)
• from ear drum to hammer to anvil to stapes ( vibration pathway)
  
  • oval window moves fluid inside inner ea
    *

Question 7

anatomy of the ear

insert photo here

describe cochlea

Answer 7

• (dedicating for hearing) cochlea= auditory nerve that transmits sound impulses
  
  • hair cells receive vibration from oval window indicating sound

Question 8

inner ear

Semicircular canal

Answer 8

• semicircular canal located in the inner ear
• responsible for balance( rotational movement)
• ( for linear hearing) otoliths float inside the canal
  
  • hair cells can recognize when otoliths move, alerting the body of its positioning.
    *

Question 9

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 9

• position while moving is determined in semiciuruclar canal
• triggeres when spinning
• cause dizziness and sickness
  *

Question 10

physical exam of the ear

RInne test and weber tes

Answer 10

• weber test( top of the head).
• rinne test air and bone conduction
  *

Question 11

inspection and palpation of the external ear

Answer 11

• the photo

Question 12

Hearing pathway

Answer 12

external ear to middle ear know conductive phase

cochlea and cochlear branch-sensrineural phase

Question 13

conductive hearing loss

Answer 13

• hearing loss of the external and middle ear
• people ofter are able to hear in the noisy environment
• sound is heard longer than bone thru air
• example of external ear-otitis external, benign bone growth

middle ear example-otitis media cholesteatomas, perforation of the tympanic membrane.

Question 14

sensorineural hearing loss

Answer 14

• congenital and heredity conditions
• people always complain about the noisy environments, mumble and have trouble understanding speech.

such as: presbycusis, viral infection, rubella, cytomegalovirus, Meniere disease ototoxic drugs and acoustic neuroma

Question 15

cerumen wax

Answer 15

contains hair bearing skin that produces wax

Question 16

acute otitis media and external

Answer 16

tympanic membrane appears perforated

appears yellowish and green discharge

Question 17

tinnitus

Answer 17

the perceived sound that has no external stimuli

ofter increase with age, when its connected with vertigo suspect meniere disease.

Question 18

Ear anatomy

Answer 18

Photo

Question 19

mastoiditis

Answer 19

Mastoiditis is usually caused by a middle ear infection. This infection can result in damage to the mastoid bone and the formation of pus-filled cysts.

Symptoms include redness, swelling, and tenderness around the bone. Fever, ear pain, and discharge

Question 20

serious otitis media

Answer 20

• Otitis media with effusion (OME (picture 1)), also called serous oti_tis media, is defined as the presence of middle ear fl_uid without signs of acute infection [1]. OME often occurs after acute otitis media (AOM), but it also may occur with Eustachian tube dysfunction in young children in the absence of a preceding AOM.

Question 21

otosclerosis

Answer 21

An inherited disorder that causes hearing loss due to the ear’s inability to amplify sound.

There are three small bones that connect to the ear drum to help amplify sound waves. When someone has this condition, one of the bones is unable to vibrate freely.

Symptoms may include hearing loss or ringing in the ears. In rare cases, vertigo may occur.

Treatment may include hearing aids or surgery to help the bones of the ear vibrate more freely

Question 22

otalgia

Answer 22

• Pain in the inner or outer ear that may interfere with ability to hear, often caused by excess fluid and infection.

Question 23

light reflex

Answer 23

• Pain in the inner or outer ear that may interfere with ability to hear, often caused by excess fluid and infection.