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1
Q

an essay that presents an opinion, makes a claim about an issue, and a stand supported by arguments and evidence.

A

position paper

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2
Q

process of using a rational, systematic series of steps based on sound mathematical procedures and given statements to arrive at a conclusion

A

logical thinking

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3
Q

expressing or dealing with facts or conditions as perceived w/o distortion, personal feelings, prejudices, and interpretations

A

objective expression of ideas

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4
Q

expressing both the arguments of conflicting ideas

A

balanced assignment of conflicting ideas

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5
Q

2 modes of reasoning

A

inductive and deductive

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6
Q

derives a generalization from specific examples and situations (specific to general)

A

inductive

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7
Q

proceeds from a general statement that leads to a particular or specific reference (general to specific)

A

deductive

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8
Q

tips for writing a good position paper

A
  • use simple language
  • give each separate idea its own paragraph
  • each paragraph should start with a topic sentence
  • proofread for mistakes
  • cite your sources
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9
Q

recognized by society as a problem that is preventing it from functioning at an optimal level

A

social issues

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10
Q

centered on educational policy and practices

A

education

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11
Q

focuses on the advancements of tools and resources in the society

A

technology

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12
Q

issues focus on different types of media and their corresponding dilemmas and concerns

A

media

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13
Q

gives emphasis on the connection between and among individuals

A

relationships

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14
Q

conflicts withing and among nations and the branching consequences that arise

A

war and peace

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15
Q

the association between the well-being of a society and the quality of their environment

A

environment

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16
Q

encompasses everything that concerns running the gov’t

A

politics

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17
Q

features of writing a position paper

A
  • a well-defined controversial issue
  • a clear position on the issue
  • a convincing argument
  • a reasonable tone
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18
Q

this feature carefully defines the issue so that readers understand exactly what is at stake and why the issue is important

A

well-defines controversial issue

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19
Q

make the opinion you advocate explicit by announcing it directly in a thesis statement

A

clear position on the issue

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20
Q

this feature presents an argument designed to persuade readers that the opinion is valid and reasonable

A

convincing argument

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21
Q

adopt a tone that will be perceived as reasonable and trustworthy. acknowledge the validity of objections and explain your reasons for rejecting

A

reasonable tone

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22
Q

steps in writing a position paper

A
  • select a topic
  • challenge your own topic
  • collect supporting evidence
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23
Q

structure of a position paper

A
  • intro
  • body: counterarguments and arguments
  • conclusion
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24
Q

this part introduces the topis and catches the reader’s attention. it provides a background to explain the importance of the topic, as well as asserting the thesis statement

A

introduction

25
Q

contains the counterarguments, arguments, evidence, and supporting details

A

body

26
Q

summarizes and provides supporting details for the counterclaims; refutes the counterclaims; give evidences for argument

A

counterarguments

27
Q

asserts and discusses the points or claims by providing supporting details

A

argument

28
Q

it summarizes and reinforces main concepts and ideas; emphasizes your position; and suggests course of action and possible solutions

A

conclusion

29
Q

claims backed by reasons that are supported by evidence

A

arguments

30
Q
  • statements about what is true or good or about what should be done or believed
  • potentially arguable
  • summarizes the main idea
  • point of the argument
A

claim

31
Q
  • statements of support for claims, making those claims something more than mere assertions
  • answers the question “WHY?”
  • can normally be linked to claims with word “BECAUSE”
A

evidence

32
Q

a method od gathering information from a sample of people, traditionally with the intention of generalizing the results to a larger population

A

survey

33
Q

makes recommendations based on a careful analysis of data tallied and organized from survey findings. it requires you to systematically move from a big picture summary down to specific recommendations.

A

survey report

34
Q

sections of a survey report

A
  • title page
  • table of contents
  • part I: executive summary
  • part II: objectives and background
  • part III: methodology
  • part IV: results
  • part V: conclusions and recommendations
  • appendices
35
Q

Presents categorical variables. The length or height of the bar is equal to the quantity within that category of data

A

bar graph

36
Q

A circular chart used to compare parts of the whole. It is divided into sectors that are equal in size to the quantity represented.

A

pie chart

37
Q

Displays the relationship between two Kypes of information. They are useful in illustrating trends over time.

A

line graph

38
Q

has connected bars that display the frequency or proportion of cases that fall within defined intervals or columns. The bars can be of varying widths and typically display continuous data.

A

histogram

39
Q

a type of academic writing focusing on writing assignments that require observation and analysis. It aims to inform readers about the result and impact of an observed person, place, or event.

A

field report

40
Q

TECHNIQUES IN RECORDING OUR OBSERVATIONS

A

note-taking, photography, video and audio recordings, illustrations/drawings

41
Q

Use small paragraphs which reflect changes in activities. Leave space on the page so you can write down additional thoughts.

A

note-taking

42
Q

Use a camera or your own smartphone to capture an important moment in time as well as to document details about the space where your observation takes place.

A

photography

43
Q

Unfiltered record of the observation event. It enables you to rewatch or listen to what you recorded.

A

Video and Audio Recordings

44
Q

You may do this by drawing a map of the observation setting or illustrating objects in relation to people’s behavior. This can also take the form of rough tables, charts, or graphs.

A

llustrations/Drawings

45
Q

place where observation is conducted

A

physical setting

46
Q

presence, placement, and arrangement of objects that impact the behavior

A

Objects and Material Culture

47
Q

words used and tone of conversation

A

Use of Language

48
Q

documenting when and who performs what behavior and how often they occur

A

behavior cycles

49
Q

patterns of behavior or the moment when actions or events take place

A

Order of Events

50
Q

objective, personal characteristics of individuals

A

Physical Characteristics

51
Q

body posture or facial expressions

A

expressive body movements

52
Q

format of a field report (IDICAR)

A
  • introduction
  • description of activities
  • interpretation of analysis
  • conclusion and recommendations
  • appendix
  • references
53
Q

a description of the specific objectives and important theories or concepts; includes the ff:

  • setting
  • type of observation used
  • focus
  • methods used for data collection
A

introduction

54
Q

enables readers to know and understand what happened to the situation, people, or events that you are writing about. Provide sufficient details.

A

Description of Activities

55
Q

place the analysis and interpretations of your field observations within the larger context of the theories and issues you described in the introduction.

answers: “what is the meaning of what you have observed?”

A

Interpretation and Analysis

56
Q

briefly recap the entire study and reiterate the importance or significance of your obsıvations.

A

Conclusion and Recommendations

57
Q

includes:
figures/tables/charts/graphs of results, statistics, pictures, maps, drawings, or, if applicable, transcripts of interviews.

  • this is where not-so-essential to explaining your findings is placed
A

appendix

58
Q

list of all sources you consulted and obtained

A

references

59
Q
  • also scientific report, is a document that describes the process, progress, or results of technical or scientific research or the state of a technical or scientific research problem. It might also include recommendations and conclusions of the research.
A

technical report