EAPP Flashcards
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- formal genre of writing
- one is expected to use strict
style, registers, and formats - commonly used for textbooks, essays, research paper, book report, academic journal, in classroom and any other discipline related to academic.
ACADEMIC TEXT
dignified stance in writing as a member of the academic community where the language use requires precision
FORMALITY
- main emphasis should be on the information that one wants to give and the arguments one wants to make, rather than oneself.
- the thoughts and beliefs should be based on lectures, reading, discussion and research.
OBJECTIVITY
uses appropriate signposting strategies which allow readers to trace the relationship of various parts in the study.
EXPLICITNESS
shortened passage which retains the essential information of the original text, thus without using value judgments.
SUMMARY
needed to avoid sweeping generalizations because an academic writing requires care since knowledge is built from proven theories and concepts.
CAUTION
This is also known as time, sequence, or temporal order. This structure is organized from one point in time to another.
- first, next, later, and finally
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
the internal organization of a text.
TEXT STRUCTURE
Presents a problem and shows how it can be or has been solved. This has always have solutions, while cause and effect does not.
- problem, solution, solve, effect, hopeful, and so forth
PROBLEM AND SOLUTION
Explains reasons why something happened or the effects of something.
- cause, effect, as a result, consequently, because
CAUSE AND EFFECT
Divide the notepaper into two columns. On the left-hand side, write the main points, in the right-hand column write down important explanations or details about the main point.
THE CORNELL METHOD
Pertains to how or two or more ideas or items are similar or different.
- like, similar, unlike, on the other hand, also, and too
COMPARE AND CONTRAST
Shows what an item or place is like.
- next to, on top of, beside, below that, above that, to the right of
DESCRIPTION
summarizing texts require adequate understanding of the experimental methods and discussions. Some articles usually the report follows the order; purpose, method, results and conclusion.
SUMMARIZING AN EXPERIMENTAL REPORT
One needs to follow the author’s main line of reasoning, spot his arguments, identify the counterarguments he puts forward to refute another argument, differentiate between main ideas, and evidence provided to support or refute arguments.
SUMMARIZING ARGUMENTATIVE / THEORETICAL TEXT
Make sure the summary is:
have included the author’s major ideas, assertions and findings.
COMPREHENSIVE
Make sure the summary is:
did not misinterpret the author’s ideas through own words or paraphrasing.
ACCURATE
Make sure the summary is:
did not include own evaluation or comments as being fair and objective.
NEUTRAL
Make sure the summary is:
A person who has not read the source text can understand what have been written as a summary.
INDEPENDENT
the primary point of the reading is conveyed indirectly, in multiple locations throughout the work; you can create it based on your understanding
IMPLICIT THESIS STATEMENT
included as a sentence part of the text
EXPLICIT THESIS STATEMENT
organize notes and ideas by arranging them using numbers or letters
OUTLINING
a brief outline using keywords. under the heading are several words served as sub-topics that will be discussed in the paper.
TOPIC OUTLINE
the topic for each paragraph is written in sentence form instead of keywords.
SENTENCE OUTLINE
called lenses, are different perspectives we can consider when looking at literary pieces.
- These approaches reveal how or why a particular work is constructed and what its social and cultural implications are.
CRITICAL APPROACH
a way in which the reader can approach, analyze and understand using the inherent features of a text.
FORMALISM APPROACH
uses details about an author’s personal life to analyze the author’s work.
BIOGRAPHICAL APPROACH
also known as New Historicism, investigates the social, cultural, and intellectual context that produced a work. While this may include the author’s biography, it focuses more on how time and place of creation affect meaning in the work
HISTORIAL APPROACH
It looks either at the psychological motivations of the characters or of the authors themselves. In other words, it looks into the minds of the characters or the author to understand what the work means.
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
It focuses on the act of reading and how it affects the readers’ perceptions of a text. To put it simply, it suggests that meaning is not created by the text nor the author. Meaning is created by the reader.
READER-RESPONSE APPROACH
To put it simply, it is concerned with issues of class conflict, wealth, work, and the various ideologies that surround these things.
MARXIST APPROACH
Reveals the ways in which literature portrays the economic, political, social, and psychological oppression of women.
FEMINIST APPROACH
Aims to understand the work’s purpose,
intended audience, development of argument, structure of evidence or creative style.
Aims to know the strengths and weaknesses of the work.
CRITIQUE
STEPS IN WRITING CRITIQUE
Examine the material – Take notes as you read or examine your subject
Do some research – In order to elaborate on how the work relates to an issue, you will need to know what it is responding to, what context it was created in,
STEP 1: PREPARE
STEPS IN WRITING CRITIQUE
Give the basic information about the work
Provide a context for the work
Summarize the creator’s purpose in creating the work
Summarize the main points of the work
Present your stand
STEP 2: WRITE THE INTRODUCTORY PARAGRAPH/S
STEPS IN WRITING CRITIQUE
Choose an approach
Organize your points
Discuss the techniques or styles used in the work
State your arguments and evidences
Use examples for each point
STEP 3: WRITE THE BODY PARAGRAPHS
STEPS IN WRITING CRITIQUE
State your overall assessment
Summarize your key reasons for this assessment
Recommend any areas for improvement
STEP 4: WRITE THE CONCLUDING PARAGRAPH
FELDMAN’S METHOD OF ARTWORK CRITIQUE
pointing out surface information
STEP 1: DESCRIPTION
FELDMAN’S METHOD OF ARTWORK CRITIQUE
focusing on the elements of art and principles of design
STEP 2: ANALYSIS
FELDMAN’S METHOD OF ARTWORK CRITIQUE
stating what the artwork means based on steps 1 and 2
STEP 3: INTERPRETATION
FELDMAN’S METHOD OF ARTWORK CRITIQUE
expressing opinions on the artwork
STEP 4: JUDGEMENT
brief summary of a research project written by a university student who is about to conduct a certain research.
summaries of projects or issues that reflect the interests, experience and expertise of the writer or organization.
a short summary that tells the reader what the project is, why it is important, and how it will be carried out.
CONCEPT PAPER
It clarifies the meaning of a word or a concept and it also limits the scope of the particular word or concept.
CONCEPT BY DEFINITION
TECHNIQUES OF DEFINING
You define the term by giving the class where the word/ term belongs (the genus) and the characteristics that distinguish the term from the other terms, known as differentia.
FORMAL DEFINITION
TECHNIQUES OF DEFINING
It is needed to define abstract concepts. It allows you to broaden your definition by using analogy, metaphors, comparison and contrast, descriptions, analysis,
functions, etymology and semantic origin.
EXTENDED DEFINITION
TECHNIQUES OF DEFINING
Uses familiar / common words and examples.
INFORMAL DEFINITION
A method of explaining that borrows sentences, verses, or passages from an academic or literary work and explaining these thoroughly in relation to the concept being explained.
CONCEPT BY EXPLICATION
This involves organizing ideas from abstract. Involves analyzing the concept by looking at the examples and then drawing out a definition based on this information.
CONCEPT BY CLARIFICATION
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
an extended definition; especially helpful if the concept you are explaining involves difficult or unfamiliar
DEFINING
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
a description of how your concept fits into a particular category or how it can be broken down into parts that can be described more easily; this is useful in showing your reader how your concept fits into a “big picture” and how it can be divided.
CLASSIFYING/DIVIDING
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
examples of how your concept is similar or different from other concepts/ideas with which the reader may be familiar.
COMPARING/CONTRASTING
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
a step-by-step explanation of how a process works or how a concept is used in practice.
NARRATING PROCESS
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
the use of examples, anecdotes, and other details that may help your reader to better understand your concept.
ILLUSTRATING
METHODS OF DEVELOPMENT
a how a particular event leads to another and how concepts are related to each other.
REPORTING CAUSES OF EFFECTS
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
this provides the readers with a clear title to your proposal as
well as any other specific information is requested
TITLE PAGE
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
this is a study of the literature is available around the subject of your intended analysis. Usually, you start with a broad view of the topic and then focus into look at the specific issue you be investigating.
PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
this gives the reader a clear idea of what you hope to achieve through the article you intend.
GOAL STATEMENT
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
these are the specific questions you seek to answer through your intended work.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
you need to show and justify the methodology you’ll be looking to use to conduct your research.
ABRIGED METHODOLOGY
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
show you have thought about your analysis with care and provide a timeline with clear milestones to show what be achieved and
when.
TIMELINESS
STEPS IN WRITING A CONCEPT PAPER
you should always provide a full list of all of the sources of information you have used and cited within your article using the correct
format.
REFERENCES
Writing our own version of the original statement, but retaining the same thought of it.
PARAPHRASING
Present information visually (by being seen) such as graphs, charts, videos, etc.
VISUAL AIDS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
computer application where you attach a lot of visual items in slides.
POWERPOINT
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
white boards and black boards
INSTRUCTIONAL WRITING BOARDS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
papers/printouts that contain important information.
HANDOUTS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
adds motions images, and audio into a presentation.
VIDEO CLIPS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
larges sheets of papers, usually positioned on a tripod, to be used with thick; colored markers.
FLIPCHARTS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
present visual devices in manila paper or cartolina
POSTERS
TYPES OF VISUAL AIDS
real-life products, objects or atifacts
REALIA
compare independent variables among categories
BAR GRAPH
visualizes the value over time
LINE GRAPH
shows proportion and percentages
LINE GRAPH
used to show distribution of variables
HISTOGRAM
shows where elements are placed in different regions
MATRIX ARRANGEMENT
presents info sequentially
TIMELINE
shows processes
FLOWCHART
shows how elements are ranked
HIERARCHY
shows connections between one big idea and other related ideas
MIND MAP
shows similarities and differences between among concepts or ideas
VENN DIAGRAM
shows things that fit together to form a larger concept
JIGSAW
shows a push-pull relationship between two ideas or concepts
BALANCE DIAGRAM
