e3 review

Question 1

Semi-conservative model

Answer 1

One of each parent strand is used in the new double helix

Question 2

Conservative model

Answer 2

Parental strand is used to create a new copy

Question 3

Dispersive model

Answer 3

Mixture of parental DNA when making daughter strands

Question 4

Prokaryote genome

Answer 4

circular, one piece, 4.6 million bp

Question 5

Eukaryote genome

Answer 5

46 chromosomes (linear pieces), 6.4 billion bp

Question 6

Helicase

Answer 6

Unzips double helix during initiation, required to generate template strands

Question 7

Single strand binding protein (SSBP)

Answer 7

Attach and stabilize the unzipped single strands, prevents the helix from rewinding

Question 8

Topoisomerase

Answer 8

Relieves strain in supercoil by making small breaks in DNA that are later fixed

Question 9

DNA Polymerase

Answer 9

Creates new DNA strand through addition of nucleotide monomers to complementary base pairs, proofread and repaid strand if need be

Question 10

Primase

Answer 10

Creates primers for bookmarks for the start of DNA replication. A short stretch of RNA with an available 3’ end is inserted w primers

Question 11

Point mutation

Answer 11

A change in a single base pair

Question 12

Insertion

Answer 12

Addition of an extra base pair

Question 13

Deletion

Answer 13

Deletion of an existing base pair

Question 14

Substitution

Answer 14

Replacement of one base pair in a sequence with another nucleotide

Question 15

Silent mutation

Answer 15

No change in protein function

Question 16

Loss of function mutation

Answer 16

loss of protein function dumbass

Question 17

gain of function mutation

Answer 17

protein gains a new function

Question 18

Silent substitution mutation

Answer 18

Change in a base pair, but the codon still codes for the same amino acid

Question 19

Missense mutation

Answer 19

Change in a base pair, the codon codes for a different amino acid

Question 20

Nonsense mutation

Answer 20

Change in a base pair, the codon codes for a premature stop codon

Question 21

Loss of stop substitution

Answer 21

Loses the stop codon, makes the sequence continue on for a long time

Question 22

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