Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

NUTR 384 > E3 > Flashcards

E3 Flashcards

1
Q

To obtain the least pressure

A

apply a small force spread over a large area.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When a stretched material does NOT return to its original shape, it is called

A

plastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

When a stretched material returns to its original shape, it is called

A

elastic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the following terms is defined as deformation divided by original length

A

strain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which stress is caused by a pull on the body acted upon?

A

tensile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which force exerts a squeezing effect on the body acted upon?

A

compression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A load that produces twisting of a body around its longitudinal axis is called a

A

torsion load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Identify the TRUE statement:

a. increasing the magnitude of a force acting on a surface area increaes the amount of stress acting on the surface
b. decreasing the magnitude of a force acting on a sruface area increases the amount of stress acting on the surface
c. Both
d. Neither

A

a. increasing the magnitude of a force acting on a surface area increases the amount of stress acting on the surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Stress is defined as the

A

force per unit area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Connective tissue such as tendon and ligaments are ________, meaning that they do not have the same mechanical properties in every direction.

A

Anisotropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which component of bone is primarily responsible for its compressive strength?

A

minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which component of bone is primarily responsible for its tensile strength?

A

collagen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Bone is strongest at resisting

A

compressive stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Bone is weakest at resisting

A

shear stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

When an object or material is axially loaded in tension with forces pulling at the ends, the object tends to

A

elongate in the direction of external load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When an object is axially loaded in compression with forces pushing at the ends, the object tends to

A

shorten in the direction of the external load

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a part of the axial skeleton?

A

The Skull

The Vertebrae

The Sternum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Articular cartilage overs

A

All bone surfaces at articulations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The scapula is an example of a _____ bone.

A

Flat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The fibula is an example of a _____ bone.

A

Long

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The hard an dense outer later of long bones is composed of cortical bone.

T or F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The appendicular skeleton includes…

A

The limbs; i.e. the humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The type of joint that allows for the greatest range of motion is called

A

Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The central portion of the skeltal system is called the

A

Axial Skeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

One function of the synovial fluid is to nourish the articular cartilage

T or F

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The shoulder joint is an example of a

A

Ball and Socket Joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The complete ossification of the epiphyseal cartilage in most long bones occur

A

During puberty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Which of the following joint types allow only two degree of freedom of movement?

a. fibrous
b. ball and socket
c. pivot
d. saddle
e. none of the above

A

d. saddle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Which of the following joint types allows only one degree of freedom?

a. fibrous
b. ball and socket
c. pivot
d. saddle
e. none of the above

A

Pivot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Which of the following is known as the growth center of a bone?

A

Epiphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Which of the following structures contribute to the stability of a synovial joint? (4)

A
  1. Muscles
  2. Tendons
  3. Ligaments
  4. Articular Cartilage

All of them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Which of the following is not part of the appendicular skeleton?

A

The ribs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The function of the skeleton system includes (3)

A
  1. Movement
  2. Support
  3. Protection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

A synovial joint includes (3)

A
  1. the articular cartiage
  2. the articular capsule
  3. the stnovial membrane

All of them

35
Q

Range of motion of a limb can be limited by (3)

A
  1. Bone
  2. Ligament
  3. Muscles

All of them.

36
Q

Mobility, or the ease of movement through a range of mottion can be affected by (4)

A
  1. Friction
  2. Muscles around the joint
  3. Loose particles in the joint
  4. Damage to the synovial membrane

All of them.

37
Q

The torqe-generating capabilities of a muscle is affected by (2)

A

The cross-sectional area of the muscle

AND

The arrangement of the muscle around the joint.

38
Q

The force applied by a muscle is

A

A pull.

39
Q

The research on the tension-length relationship of muscles indicates that a muscle is capable of generating maximal force when the muscle is

A

slightly longer than resting length

40
Q

Muscles are able to produce larger forces during centric conreactions than during isometric contractions

T or F

A

False

41
Q

During an eccentric muscular contraction

A

The muscle lengthens

42
Q

During an isometric muscular contraction

A

the muscle does no work

43
Q

Type I muscle fibers have a faster rate of tension development than Type IIB muscle fibers.

T or F

A

False

44
Q

Cords of connective tissue that connect muscle to bone are called

A

Tendons

45
Q

When a muscle contracts, it pulls with

A

Equal force on each attachment

46
Q

The unique distinguishing characteristic of muscle is

A

Its ability to develop tension

47
Q

When a muscle is active and its attachments draw closer together, the muscle is acting

A

concentrically

48
Q

When a muscle is active and its attachments DO NOT move relative to each other, the muscle is acting

A

isometrically

49
Q

When a muscle is stretched quickly, the resulting stretch reflex causes the

A

muscle to contract

50
Q

What reflex initiated during the backswing is critical in enhancing performance of a forehand drive in tennis?

A

Stretch

51
Q

What specific stimulus does the Golgi tendon organ detect?

A

Tension in the muscle

52
Q

In response to increased tension in a muscle, the reflec action initiated by the golgi tendon organ tends to cause the

A

muscle to relax

53
Q

What is the proprioceptor for the stretch reflec?

A

Muscle spindle

54
Q

The CNS consists of

A

The brain and spinal cord

55
Q

The muscle spindle detects

A

the stretch of a muscle or its relative changes in length

56
Q

Select the true statement:

a. The stretch reflex inhibits contraction of the antagonist muscle
b. the stretch reflex stimulates contraction of the stretched muscle
c. the tendon reflex inhibits contraction of the tensed muscle
d. a and b
e. all of the above

A

b. the stretch reflex stimulates contraction of the stretched muscle

57
Q

The opposite of muscular endurance is what?

A

Muscular fatiguability

58
Q

Which of the following types of strength training is particularly associated with subsequent muscular soreness?

A

Eccentric

59
Q

High joints have how many axes?

A

1

60
Q

As the velocity of a concentric contraction increases, the maximum force a muscle can produce increases.

T or F

A

False

61
Q

The TENSION-generating capability of a muscle is affected by

A

the cross-sectional area of the muscle

62
Q

The TORQUE-generating capability of a muscle is affected by

A

The cross-sectional area of the muscle

AND

The arrangement of the muscle around a joint

63
Q

The force applied by a muscle is

A

a pull

64
Q

The maximum amount of torque a muscle is able to produce about a joint is independnt of the angle of the joint

T or F

A

Flase

65
Q

Select the true statement:

a. The stretch reflex inhibits contraction of the antagonist muscle
b. The stretch reflec stimualtes contraction of the stretcched muscle
c. The tendon reflex inhibits contraction of the tensed muscle
d. a and b
e. all of hte above

A

The stretch reflex stimulates contraction of the stretched muscle

66
Q

Muscles are able to produce larger forces during concentric contractions than during isometric contractions

T or F

A

False

67
Q

As the velocity of a concentric contraction increases, the maximum force a muscle can produce increases

T or F

A

False

68
Q

During a concentric muscular contraction

A

The muscle does positive work

69
Q

During an eccentric muscular contraction

A

The muscle lengthens

70
Q

The muscle spindle detects

A

the stretch of a muscle or its relative changes in length

71
Q

Type I muscle fibers have a faster rate of tension development than Type IIB muscle fibers

T or F

A

False

72
Q

When a muscle contracts, it pulls with

A

equal force on each attachment

73
Q

The size of the force produced in a whole-muscle contraction can be controlled by

A

altering the number of active motor units

AND

altering the rate of stimulation

74
Q

The peripheral nervous system consists of

A

All the nervous tissue outside the brain and the spinal column.

75
Q

Ligaments are less stiff and slightly weaker than tendons because

A

Ligaments have a different type of collagen fiber

76
Q

Which of the following terms is used to describe bone with relatively high porosity?

A

Cancellous

77
Q

In a child, severe injury to an epiphyseal plate may cause

A

Premature closure of the epiphyseal junction

AND

termination of longitudinal bone growth

78
Q

What is the proprioceptor for the stretch reflex?

A

Muscle spindle

79
Q

In response to increased tension in a muscle, the reflex action initiated by the golgi tendon organ tends to cause the

A

Muscle to relax

80
Q

The pubic symphysis is an example of a

A

cartilaginous joint

81
Q

The primary function of flat bones is

A

protection

82
Q

Synarthrodial joints are

A

immoveable

83
Q

Articular cartilage is composed of

A

hyaline cartilage

NUTR 384 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions