E2 Flashcards
1
Q
Provisionals should incorporate the highest standards of (5):
A
Phsyiologic form Occlusion Axial embrasures Pontic Form Marginal Integrity
2
Q
The most predictable way to establish an adequate and healthy embrasures zone is….
A
With provisional restoration moving to the final restoration by changing materials only
3
Q
Provisional material should have ease of _____ and ___
A
Fabrication
Alteration
4
Q
Provisional material ____ and ___ to wear abrasion
A
Strength
Resistance
5
Q
Provisional material needs to be inert to _____
A
Eugenol
6
Q
Provisional material should be a poor
A
Thermal conductor
7
Q
Provisional material color should be
A
Stable and estehitcally acceptable
8
Q
Provisional material to pulpal tissue and perio should be
A
Non-irritating
9
Q
Provisionals establish
A
Occlusion and occlusal plane
10
Q
Provisional determine
A
Path of insertion
11
Q
Provisionals can aid in determining condition of a_________
A
Cracked tooth
12
Q
Provisionals can maintain
A
Tissue after crown lengthening
13
Q
PMM
A
Jet Acrylic
Duralaluy
14
Q
PMM advantages
A
Best abrasion resistance
Best color stability
Good polishability
Good marginal finish
15
Q
PMM Disadvantages
A
High heat polymerization
High shrinkage
Monomer irritant to pulp
Eugenol deteriorates resin
16
Q
PMM indications
A
Indirect techniques
Long-term provisionals
Conventional provisionals
Long Span provisionals
17
Q
PEM
A
Trim
Split line
Snap
18
Q
PEM advantages
A
Low shrinkage Rubber stage to set Longer working time Lower polymerization time 125 degrees F
19
Q
PEM Disadvantages
A
Poor hardness Poor abrasion resistance Poor color stability Poor finishability Eugenol deteriorates resin
20
Q
PEM Indicators
A
Short term provisionals 1-3 weeks
Direct technique
Short span
21
Q
Epimine Advantages
A
Lowest shrinkage
Negligible heat of polymerization
Lowest pulpal irritability
Eugenol does not affect resin
22
Q
Epimine Disadvantages
A
High cost
Air bubbles
Poorest in color stability hardness abrasion resistance
Cannot be corrected by additions
23
Q
Epimine Indications
A
Most biologically compatible when used in direct technique
24
Q
Hybrid provisional advantages
A
Low shrinkage
Corrected by additions
Can be radiopaque
25
Hybrid Disadvantages
Brittle
Repairs and mixing are more difficult
Expensive
26
Hybrid indications
Long span restorations
| Long term provisionals
27
ESF vacuum method uses
.020 polypropylene or polyvinyl matrix
28
Other uses of thin plastic matrices
Preparation guide
Develop full contour waxing
Aid in cutback design and metal frame design for MC restorations
29
Pontic classification
Mucosal contact
| No mucosal contact
30
Mucosal Contact
Ridge lap
Modified ridge lap
Orate
Conical
31
No mucosal contact
Sanitary
| Modified sanitary
32
Conical Pontiac’s may create
Food entrapment on broad residual ridges
33
Broad residual ridges math handle
Sanitary Pontic form better
34
A Pontic should have incisogingival height
That is the same as the original tooth
35
Pontic occlusal table
Equal to adjacent teeth
36
Pontic pressure should be
Minimum, free contact with ridge
37
Pontic should be
Rigid with no acute angles open embrasures
38
Pontic tissue surface
Convex
Smooth
Properly finished tissues surface
39
Pontic contact requirements
No tissue blanching
Pass thin floors
No visible space under contact with tissue on visually esthetic areas as possible
40
Sanitary used when
Severe ridge loss mandibular
41
Ovoid used when
Moderate ridge loss mandibular
42
Area of contact should resemble
The letter T when viewed from the gingival aspect on modified ridge
43
Metal connectors
2mmx2mm ideally
44
Heart shape connectors
Open to permit hygiene
45
Verification of embrasures form
Proxabrush
Floss threader
Super floss
46
Internal margin
1 mm wide band of metal closely adapted to the tooth
47
The 1 mm wide band of metal minimizes
Dissolution of the luting agent
48
Internal surface should have a uniform space of
25u to 35 u for the luting agent
- cement spreads evenly
- Reduced marginal gap width
49
Pro mail contacts tested
Shim stock-tightness
Floss-Size location
50
Metal crown occlusal surfaces are best finished with
A carried finishing bur and white or green small stones
51
Polishing metal first start with
A Moore’s fine white sand paper disc too remove imperfections
52
Contour
Gingival third
53
Color shade selection requires 3 things
An object
A Light
An observer
54
Shade selection can be difficult due to (3):
1) Subjective, consistency is difficult to achieve
2) Varies from person to person
3) Contralateral or adjacent teeth may vary widely
55
Acceptable ceramic restorations are the result of:
Blending in with remaining teeth
Knowledge fo the principles of light and color
Knowledge fo the techniques involved in making metal ceramic restorations
56
_____most sensitive so view at eye level
Retina
57
Shade is obtained before
Any cutting takes place
58
_______ should be removed from the viewing field
Bright colors
59
Shade comparison should be made quickly and eyes should rest by focusing on
A gray blue card object
60
What can counteract retinal fatigue
Viewing a pale blue or gray surface restores color vision
61
Metamerism
Is the phenomenon of 2 objects appearing to match in color under one condition but showing apparent differences under another
62
Vita shade: A
reddish brown
63
Vita shade: B
Reddish yellow
64
Vita shade: C
Grey
65
Vita shade: D
Red-Gray
66
Hue
Color
67
Chroma.
Intensity
68
Value
How dark or light the color is
69
Squinting decreases
Light diminishing cone sensitivity, increases rod sensitivity
70
Color perception
Rods to interpret brightness
71
Cones
Central retina most color perceptive area of eye
72
Vita pan 3D Master shade guide advantages
Better at reproducing Value
| More even coverage of the color space that human teeth occupy
73
Vita pan 3D Master shade guide disadvantages
Confusing terminology
| Few labs use it
74
Viate 3D shade Step 1
Determine the lightness (value)
Start with darkness moving right to left
75
Viate 3D shade Step 2
Select Chroma
76
Viate 3D shade Step 3
Determine the Hue
| Check whether the natural tooth is more yellowish or more reddish than the shade sample selected
77
Dentin is fluorescent because
Emit visible light when expose to UV
78
Stains are
Highly pigmented surface colorants that contain small amounts of glass
79
Orange
Vanadium
Zirconium
And Indium
80
Black, cobalt
Iron, Manganese
81
Yellow
Vanadium, Zirconium
82
Blue
Vanadium, Silicon, Zirconium
83
Surface characterization causes
A loss of fluorescence and increases the effect of metamerism
84
A restoration with _____ is difficult to modify
High CHROMA
85
Choosing a shade with low _____ is always better since it is easier to alter
CHROMA
86
Adding stains
Lowers the VALUE of the restoration and increases the metameric effect
Value = dark or light
87
No vacuum when glazing
mcc restorations
88
Glazing porcelain
Strengthens but is no less abrasive than polished porcelain
89
Unpolished plaque
Is more abrasive on enamel and is more plaque retentive than glazed or polished porcelain
90
Solder
Fusible metal alloy used to unite the edges or surfaces of 2 pieces of metal
91
Pre-ceramic solders
high fusing alloys that slightly melt beneath the softening point of the parent alloy to be joined
92
Pre-ceramics should ideally
Flow well above the fusion range of the subsequent applied porcelain
Porcelain fuses about 1800
Alloy melting range 2280
Pre-solder—>2030
93
Pre-ceramic soldering disadvantages
```
Difficult narrow melting range
Volatilization of base metal
Microporosity or pitting
Not good bond with porcelain
Color
Corrosion
```
94
Post Ceramic Solders
Are low fusing alloys that melt below the pyroplastic range of porcelain
Porcelain fuses about 1800
Alloy melting range 2280
Post shoulder should melt at ->1310
95
Less chance of sag or deformation of framework with ____soldering
Post ceramic
96
Post ceramic soldering is
Slightly weaker and more brittle
97
Small gap space for solder
Incomplete joint
98
Large gap space for solder
Decreases strength high porosity, higher meniscus more difficult to solder
99
Excessive soldering gap space will cause
Undersized mesiodistal FDP widths because of solder solidification shrinkage
100
Torch Soldering
Use for pre-ceramic soldering mc FDP
Soldering full gold FDPs
Difficult for post ceramic soldering
101
Oven soldering
Use for pre and post ceramic soldering
Can us vacuum
Visualization is more difficult
102
Infrared soldering
Can be used for low fusing connectors and preceramci soldered joints
Uses special unit with an infrared light
103
Laser welding
Uses laser energy to joint two pieces of metal
Used for welding FDP RDP compomers
Higher strength and reduced corrosion than soldering
104
Antiflux
Used to limit the spreading of solder
It is placed in areas of the casting before the flux to prevent the flow of molten solder
105
___________with ______ as a solvent are often used with antiflux
Graphite or iron oxide
| Turpentine
106
Soldering investments
Are similar to regular casting investments
Contain fused quartz as air efractory component
107
Jewelers rouge
Iron oxide
108
Tripoli
Fine naturally occurring silica and finely weather chert from schistose rocks
109
Zone 5
Occlusal surface
110
Zone 6
Axial walls
111
Zone 7
External margin
| -a highly polished metal surface without ledges or steps as the transition is made from casting to the prepared tooth
112
Optimum displacement material should
Permit adequate exposure
No tissue damage
No systemic effects
113
Modes to achieve tissue displacement
```
Cord
Electrosurgery
Gingitage
Expansion
Copper bands
Acrylic coping
Silicone or polyether occlusal matrix
```
114
Strings often ended below C/E junction
Reduce force used to pack string into pockets
115
Hemodent
AlCl3
5 minute exposure
Complete smear layer removal and noticeable dentin etching some tubules remain partly occluded
116
Astringedent
Coagulation Hemostasis Fe2 SO43
Led to noticeable etching with partial loss of peritubular dentin
117
A good impression can only be obtained if ____and____
A good finish line has been prepared
| The limits f the preparation can be seen with absolute certainty
118
The location of the margin is not the deterring factor but
The precession of the marginal fit is
119
Anticholinergics should used with caution in patients with
Heart disease
| GI obstruction
120
Anticholinergics are contraindicated in
Glaucoma
| -lead to rapid increase in intraoccular pressure and blindness
121
Optimum displacement material should permit
Adequate exposure
No damage to periodontist
No systemic effects
122
Modes to achieve tissue displacement
```
Cord
Electrosurgery
Gingitage
Expansion
Copper bands
Acrylic coping
Silicon/polyether occlusal matrix
```
123
Lesions limited to
Electrosurgery and rotary instruments not cords
124
Reaction of gingiva to application of threads. Conclusion:
Thoroughly drying before cord is placed
| Wet cord before it is removed from crevice
125
3 types of cords
Twisted
Braided
Kitted
126
Braided retraction cords impregnated with
Aluminum sulfate
Or
Epinephrine
127
AlCl3 solution cause
Transient ischemia and shrinkage of the gingival tissue
128
Exposure to epinephrine HCl provssive increased smear layer
Removal and etching is noticeable increased as time elapsed
129
Partially rectified cured
Used for spot coagulating surface capillary bleeding
| Poor for cutting
130
Fully rectified current
Most common
Used to incise tissue with coagulation
Gingivectomy or gingivoplasty
131
Fully rectified filtered current
To incise tissue with least amount of coagulation
| Mucoperiostial incisions
132
Electrosurgery can result in
Recession
Loss of connective tissue
Burn marks
Slight loss of alveolar bone
133
Electrosurgery advantages
Hemorrhage control
Prevents seeding of bacteria in site
Better view of operative site
134
Electrosurgery contraindications
Inflammation
Poorly shielded pacemakers
Fine marginal gingival with little or not attachment
