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Fixed 3 > E2 > Flashcards

E2 Flashcards

1
Q

Provisionals should incorporate the highest standards of (5):

A 
Phsyiologic form
Occlusion 
Axial embrasures
Pontic Form
Marginal Integrity
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2
Q

The most predictable way to establish an adequate and healthy embrasures zone is….

A

With provisional restoration moving to the final restoration by changing materials only

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3
Q

Provisional material should have ease of _____ and ___

A

Fabrication

Alteration

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4
Q

Provisional material ____ and ___ to wear abrasion

A

Strength

Resistance

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5
Q

Provisional material needs to be inert to _____

A

Eugenol

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6
Q

Provisional material should be a poor

A

Thermal conductor

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7
Q

Provisional material color should be

A

Stable and estehitcally acceptable

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8
Q

Provisional material to pulpal tissue and perio should be

A

Non-irritating

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9
Q

Provisionals establish

A

Occlusion and occlusal plane

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10
Q

Provisional determine

A

Path of insertion

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11
Q

Provisionals can aid in determining condition of a_________

A

Cracked tooth

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12
Q

Provisionals can maintain

A

Tissue after crown lengthening

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13
Q

PMM

A

Jet Acrylic

Duralaluy

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14
Q

PMM advantages

A

Best abrasion resistance
Best color stability
Good polishability
Good marginal finish

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15
Q

PMM Disadvantages

A

High heat polymerization
High shrinkage
Monomer irritant to pulp
Eugenol deteriorates resin

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16
Q

PMM indications

A

Indirect techniques
Long-term provisionals
Conventional provisionals
Long Span provisionals

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17
Q

PEM

A

Trim
Split line
Snap

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18
Q

PEM advantages

A 
Low shrinkage
Rubber stage to set
Longer working time
Lower polymerization time
125 degrees F
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19
Q

PEM Disadvantages

A 
Poor hardness
Poor abrasion resistance 
Poor color stability
Poor finishability
Eugenol deteriorates resin
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20
Q

PEM Indicators

A

Short term provisionals 1-3 weeks
Direct technique
Short span

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21
Q

Epimine Advantages

A

Lowest shrinkage
Negligible heat of polymerization
Lowest pulpal irritability
Eugenol does not affect resin

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22
Q

Epimine Disadvantages

A

High cost
Air bubbles
Poorest in color stability hardness abrasion resistance
Cannot be corrected by additions

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23
Q

Epimine Indications

A

Most biologically compatible when used in direct technique

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24
Q

Hybrid provisional advantages

A

Low shrinkage
Corrected by additions
Can be radiopaque

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25
Q

Hybrid Disadvantages

A

Brittle
Repairs and mixing are more difficult
Expensive

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26
Q

Hybrid indications

A

Long span restorations

Long term provisionals

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27
Q

ESF vacuum method uses

A

.020 polypropylene or polyvinyl matrix

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28
Q

Other uses of thin plastic matrices

A

Preparation guide
Develop full contour waxing
Aid in cutback design and metal frame design for MC restorations

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29
Q

Pontic classification

A

Mucosal contact

No mucosal contact

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30
Q

Mucosal Contact

A

Ridge lap
Modified ridge lap
Orate
Conical

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31
Q

No mucosal contact

A

Sanitary

Modified sanitary

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32
Q

Conical Pontiac’s may create

A

Food entrapment on broad residual ridges

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33
Q

Broad residual ridges math handle

A

Sanitary Pontic form better

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34
Q

A Pontic should have incisogingival height

A

That is the same as the original tooth

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35
Q

Pontic occlusal table

A

Equal to adjacent teeth

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36
Q

Pontic pressure should be

A

Minimum, free contact with ridge

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37
Q

Pontic should be

A

Rigid with no acute angles open embrasures

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38
Q

Pontic tissue surface

A

Convex
Smooth
Properly finished tissues surface

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39
Q

Pontic contact requirements

A

No tissue blanching
Pass thin floors
No visible space under contact with tissue on visually esthetic areas as possible

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40
Q

Sanitary used when

A

Severe ridge loss mandibular

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41
Q

Ovoid used when

A

Moderate ridge loss mandibular

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42
Q

Area of contact should resemble

A

The letter T when viewed from the gingival aspect on modified ridge

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43
Q

Metal connectors

A

2mmx2mm ideally

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44
Q

Heart shape connectors

A

Open to permit hygiene

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45
Q

Verification of embrasures form

A

Proxabrush
Floss threader
Super floss

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46
Q

Internal margin

A

1 mm wide band of metal closely adapted to the tooth

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47
Q

The 1 mm wide band of metal minimizes

A

Dissolution of the luting agent

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48
Q

Internal surface should have a uniform space of

A

25u to 35 u for the luting agent

  • cement spreads evenly
  • Reduced marginal gap width
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49
Q

Pro mail contacts tested

A

Shim stock-tightness

Floss-Size location

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50
Q

Metal crown occlusal surfaces are best finished with

A

A carried finishing bur and white or green small stones

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51
Q

Polishing metal first start with

A

A Moore’s fine white sand paper disc too remove imperfections

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52
Q

Contour

A

Gingival third

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53
Q

Color shade selection requires 3 things

A

An object
A Light
An observer

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54
Q

Shade selection can be difficult due to (3):

A

1) Subjective, consistency is difficult to achieve
2) Varies from person to person
3) Contralateral or adjacent teeth may vary widely

55
Q

Acceptable ceramic restorations are the result of:

A

Blending in with remaining teeth

Knowledge fo the principles of light and color

Knowledge fo the techniques involved in making metal ceramic restorations

56
Q

_____most sensitive so view at eye level

A

Retina

57
Q

Shade is obtained before

A

Any cutting takes place

58
Q

_______ should be removed from the viewing field

A

Bright colors

59
Q

Shade comparison should be made quickly and eyes should rest by focusing on

A

A gray blue card object

60
Q

What can counteract retinal fatigue

A

Viewing a pale blue or gray surface restores color vision

61
Q

Metamerism

A

Is the phenomenon of 2 objects appearing to match in color under one condition but showing apparent differences under another

62
Q

Vita shade: A

A

reddish brown

63
Q

Vita shade: B

A

Reddish yellow

64
Q

Vita shade: C

A

Grey

65
Q

Vita shade: D

A

Red-Gray

66
Q

Hue

A

Color

67
Q

Chroma.

A

Intensity

68
Q

Value

A

How dark or light the color is

69
Q

Squinting decreases

A

Light diminishing cone sensitivity, increases rod sensitivity

70
Q

Color perception

A

Rods to interpret brightness

71
Q

Cones

A

Central retina most color perceptive area of eye

72
Q

Vita pan 3D Master shade guide advantages

A

Better at reproducing Value

More even coverage of the color space that human teeth occupy

73
Q

Vita pan 3D Master shade guide disadvantages

A

Confusing terminology

Few labs use it

74
Q

Viate 3D shade Step 1

A

Determine the lightness (value)

Start with darkness moving right to left

75
Q

Viate 3D shade Step 2

A

Select Chroma

76
Q

Viate 3D shade Step 3

A

Determine the Hue

Check whether the natural tooth is more yellowish or more reddish than the shade sample selected

77
Q

Dentin is fluorescent because

A

Emit visible light when expose to UV

78
Q

Stains are

A

Highly pigmented surface colorants that contain small amounts of glass

79
Q

Orange

A

Vanadium
Zirconium
And Indium

80
Q

Black, cobalt

A

Iron, Manganese

81
Q

Yellow

A

Vanadium, Zirconium

82
Q

Blue

A

Vanadium, Silicon, Zirconium

83
Q

Surface characterization causes

A

A loss of fluorescence and increases the effect of metamerism

84
Q

A restoration with _____ is difficult to modify

A

High CHROMA

85
Q

Choosing a shade with low _____ is always better since it is easier to alter

A

CHROMA

86
Q

Adding stains

A

Lowers the VALUE of the restoration and increases the metameric effect

Value = dark or light

87
Q

No vacuum when glazing

A

mcc restorations

88
Q

Glazing porcelain

A

Strengthens but is no less abrasive than polished porcelain

89
Q

Unpolished plaque

A

Is more abrasive on enamel and is more plaque retentive than glazed or polished porcelain

90
Q

Solder

A

Fusible metal alloy used to unite the edges or surfaces of 2 pieces of metal

91
Q

Pre-ceramic solders

A

high fusing alloys that slightly melt beneath the softening point of the parent alloy to be joined

92
Q

Pre-ceramics should ideally

A

Flow well above the fusion range of the subsequent applied porcelain

Porcelain fuses about 1800
Alloy melting range 2280
Pre-solder—>2030

93
Q

Pre-ceramic soldering disadvantages

A 
Difficult narrow melting range
Volatilization of base metal
Microporosity or pitting 
Not good bond with porcelain
Color
Corrosion
94
Q

Post Ceramic Solders

A

Are low fusing alloys that melt below the pyroplastic range of porcelain

Porcelain fuses about 1800
Alloy melting range 2280
Post shoulder should melt at ->1310

95
Q

Less chance of sag or deformation of framework with ____soldering

A

Post ceramic

96
Q

Post ceramic soldering is

A

Slightly weaker and more brittle

97
Q

Small gap space for solder

A

Incomplete joint

98
Q

Large gap space for solder

A

Decreases strength high porosity, higher meniscus more difficult to solder

99
Q

Excessive soldering gap space will cause

A

Undersized mesiodistal FDP widths because of solder solidification shrinkage

100
Q

Torch Soldering

A

Use for pre-ceramic soldering mc FDP
Soldering full gold FDPs
Difficult for post ceramic soldering

101
Q

Oven soldering

A

Use for pre and post ceramic soldering
Can us vacuum
Visualization is more difficult

102
Q

Infrared soldering

A

Can be used for low fusing connectors and preceramci soldered joints
Uses special unit with an infrared light

103
Q

Laser welding

A

Uses laser energy to joint two pieces of metal
Used for welding FDP RDP compomers

Higher strength and reduced corrosion than soldering

104
Q

Antiflux

A

Used to limit the spreading of solder

It is placed in areas of the casting before the flux to prevent the flow of molten solder

105
Q

___________with ______ as a solvent are often used with antiflux

A

Graphite or iron oxide

Turpentine

106
Q

Soldering investments

A

Are similar to regular casting investments

Contain fused quartz as air efractory component

107
Q

Jewelers rouge

A

Iron oxide

108
Q

Tripoli

A

Fine naturally occurring silica and finely weather chert from schistose rocks

109
Q

Zone 5

A

Occlusal surface

110
Q

Zone 6

A

Axial walls

111
Q

Zone 7

A

External margin

-a highly polished metal surface without ledges or steps as the transition is made from casting to the prepared tooth

112
Q

Optimum displacement material should

A

Permit adequate exposure
No tissue damage
No systemic effects

113
Q

Modes to achieve tissue displacement

A 
Cord
Electrosurgery
Gingitage
Expansion
Copper bands
Acrylic coping
Silicone or polyether occlusal matrix
114
Q

Strings often ended below C/E junction

A

Reduce force used to pack string into pockets

115
Q

Hemodent

A

AlCl3

5 minute exposure
Complete smear layer removal and noticeable dentin etching some tubules remain partly occluded

116
Q

Astringedent

A

Coagulation Hemostasis Fe2 SO43

Led to noticeable etching with partial loss of peritubular dentin

117
Q

A good impression can only be obtained if ____and____

A

A good finish line has been prepared

The limits f the preparation can be seen with absolute certainty

118
Q

The location of the margin is not the deterring factor but

A

The precession of the marginal fit is

119
Q

Anticholinergics should used with caution in patients with

A

Heart disease

GI obstruction

120
Q

Anticholinergics are contraindicated in

A

Glaucoma

-lead to rapid increase in intraoccular pressure and blindness

121
Q

Optimum displacement material should permit

A

Adequate exposure
No damage to periodontist
No systemic effects

122
Q

Modes to achieve tissue displacement

A 
Cord
Electrosurgery
Gingitage
Expansion
Copper bands
Acrylic coping
Silicon/polyether occlusal matrix
123
Q

Lesions limited to

A

Electrosurgery and rotary instruments not cords

124
Q

Reaction of gingiva to application of threads. Conclusion:

A

Thoroughly drying before cord is placed

Wet cord before it is removed from crevice

125
Q

3 types of cords

A

Twisted
Braided
Kitted

126
Q

Braided retraction cords impregnated with

A

Aluminum sulfate
Or
Epinephrine

127
Q

AlCl3 solution cause

A

Transient ischemia and shrinkage of the gingival tissue

128
Q

Exposure to epinephrine HCl provssive increased smear layer

A

Removal and etching is noticeable increased as time elapsed

129
Q

Partially rectified cured

A

Used for spot coagulating surface capillary bleeding

Poor for cutting

130
Q

Fully rectified current

A

Most common
Used to incise tissue with coagulation
Gingivectomy or gingivoplasty

131
Q

Fully rectified filtered current

A

To incise tissue with least amount of coagulation

Mucoperiostial incisions

132
Q

Electrosurgery can result in

A

Recession
Loss of connective tissue
Burn marks
Slight loss of alveolar bone

133
Q

Electrosurgery advantages

A

Hemorrhage control
Prevents seeding of bacteria in site
Better view of operative site

134
Q

Electrosurgery contraindications

A

Inflammation
Poorly shielded pacemakers
Fine marginal gingival with little or not attachment

Fixed 3 (2 decks)

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